Finance & Accounting Essays

The paper 'Fee for Services as a Dominant Payment Process Design for Medical Services" is a perfect example of finance and accounting coursework. Service provision is a very significant element in the prosperity of the global economy currently. A larger percentage of the US GDP is collected through service provision (Bitner, Ostrom, & Morgan, 2008, p. 68). This is a relatively large industry that employs a larger percentage of American citizens.

The paper "Relevance of the Decision to Pay Dividends " is a great example of finance and accounting coursework. The signaling theories of dividend argue that dividends act as forecast signaling tool since managers own asymmetric information with regards to the company’s future financial performance. As a result, the association between the change in dividend and the firm’s future financial performance is a vital theoretical issue.

The paper "Factors Affecting Capital Structure, Trade-Off and Pecking Order Theories" is a perfect example of finance and accounting coursework. Corporate and personal taxes are not the only factors that affect the financial mix. Capital structure refers to a way in which a company or a firm finances its assets through the combination of equity and debt assets or hybrid securities (Brealey et al., 2012).

The paper "Dividend Payout Theories and Policies on Capital Structure" is an outstanding example of finance and accounting coursework. A more profitable company identifies all the outstanding projects that the company should not miss. Dividend payout is the earnings that are paid to the stockholders. They are paid in the form of a dividend on the net income or capital of the given company. However, the rest of the money that is not issued to the investors is ploughed back to the firm as retained earnings (Brealey, Myers & Allen, 2017).

The paper "The Australian Pension System " is an outstanding example of a finance and accounting case study. The pension or superannuation system refers to agreements made by people in order to have some funds available to them in their retirement age. The Australian government support and encourage pension and superannuation arrangements where there are minimum compulsory provisions for employees. With an increasingly ageing population, the main aim of every government is to overcome the untenable burden of funding without raising taxes explicitly.

Students who fail to get financial aid experience financial challenges since there are high tuition fees that they have to pay, as well as high expenses in the United States compared to their home country. In addition, the fees for international students may not be subsidized by the government as is the case for local students.

The paper "Investing in Science, Technology, and Innovation" is an outstanding example of finance and accounting coursework. Technology, innovation, and science are important in ensuring sustainable economic growth. President Obama introduced the campaign “educate to innovate” as he realized the contribution of incorporating technology in education in the process of realizing sustainable economic growth

Exchange rates are often unpredictable in the world of business as found out by Moschella, M. (2015). There are major indicators that lead to a change in these exchange rates. Appreciation or depreciation of the currency of any country against the USD can be used as an indicator for the determination of the economic health of the country.

The paper "Investment Opportunities in Rwandan Special Economic Zone" is a perfect example of finance and accounting case study. The progressive economic development in Africa provides a viable market for international investment. Countries within the continent are rapidly upgrading from the undeveloped states to become economic powerhouses.

The paper "Expansion to Asia: The National Australian Bank" is a perfect example of finance and accounting case study. National Australian Bank (NAB) is one of the leading financial institutions in Australia offering deposits, credit and foreign exchange services. In the recent past, the organization has found it increasingly difficult to meet the objectives of shareholders in a shrinking loan and credit portfolio both a home and in established markets of Europe and North America.

The paper "The Nature of Resource Cost Structure" is a good example of finance and accounting coursework. Production is an important function in economics. The process of production involves converting factors of production into outputs. The outs are valuable to the organizations. An organization has to incur costs during the process of converting the factors of production into outputs. A firm can incur different types of costs and they influence the production process of the company (Shafiee, Finkelstein & Chukova, 2011).

Accordingly, an assessment of the financial statements is required to be made in order to analyze the status of Maclnray’s with regard to its profitability, liquidity, efficiency, and gearing of capital. An effort has been made in this write up to analyze the overall financial performance of Maclnray’s in order to ascertain the bank’s possible report with regard to sanctioning of the loan.

All firms involved in trading at the international level need to take into account different strategies to take on their foreign exchange exposures in order to ensure that the exposure is correctly managed and in the most efficient manner. As such the management of foreign exchange exposure is one of the most critical aspects of operating into an international environment.

In the modern world market value of a successful company is much higher than the value of these tangible or physical assets. In certain cases physical assets constitute even less than half of the market capitalization of the company. So where are the other half or remaining assets that contribute to the market value of the company?

The treatment of current assets in the financial statement reflects the strength of the company. The revenue recognition for different types of income in the records of the company and their time of recognition are separated according to the specific types of revenues. Past writings have provided all the necessary information regarding the topics. 

Ideologies have altered such that foreign ideas like consumerism have now been branded as preferable over indigenous communality. Free market thought has been sold as the best alternative for market growth and perpetuated even in educational institutions; now countries that toe the line are regarded as successful.

The constitution of the various committees especially the audit committee is considered as more powerful as compared to the audit committee of a building society. Since the scope of the audit committee of an investment bank is much higher it is therefore often assumed that the audit committee has the more role and power while overseeing the audit functions in the investment banks offering mortgages.

Generally speaking, the interest coverage ratio of ADIDAS is at 5.60 as of 2007 and the same has slightly come down to 5.30 as of 2008.  The interest coverage ratio has further come down to 3.01 as of 2009. The interest coverage has decreased due to a drastic reduction in the profits in the year 2009.

Generally speaking, due to globalization, many multinational companies are entering prospective foreign markets with optimal FDIs. This is leading to major positive effects for the people of the home countries as well as the foreign firms, thus painting a positive picture for economic globalization and FDI.

Macro-politics in a landscape that is constantly changing is another barrier that is hindering the development of the financial industry. Upheaval in the Middle East and Crimea resulted in international condemnation as well as stifling sanctions against such nations like Russia that previously had been active contributors to international trade.

There are limitations to the study.  Firstly, the treatment was rather exploratory, therefore a deeper examination of these theories and their theoretical use is in order.  Furthermore, different investment instruments require more finely-tuned theories in order to determine such particulars as target prices, time horizons, and cut-loss provision. 

Alan Fazil being the Controller of Accounts in Australia Steel Company had the right to comment on any accounting policy of the company. As for the processing of work-order requests Fazil was in dark in regards to the representation of dubious and framed information on proposed benefits in the light of the expenditure incurred.

Generally, when the financial ratios of the year 2008 are compared with those of projected financial statements the analysis tends to present similar outcomes. The comparison shows similarities in the results of the current ratio and quick ratio which are not expected to improve in the current year as well.

For the student of international trade and international business, the study of the Asian Financial Crisis is very instructive.  International trade makes for efficiency and specialization to create benefits for both the importing and exporting countries based on the theory of comparative advantage.

It is really quite essential to state that the four key concepts in financial management are necessary for the realization of profits for any investment made. These concepts also help to govern the financial spheres and operations of any given firm since they form the foundations of financial management.

Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH) concept states that the prices of financial assets are a reflection of all the relevant information. This implies that prices in average are accurate, which means that financial markets are efficient. The consequences of this are that an active investor is not in a position to continuously beat the market.

Geological studies outlined that ElectroMagnetic GeoServices must implement geophysics technologies in order to increase mineral searching ability. Seismic and seabed drilling facilities of the firm will improve with the help of sound wave usage. Three-dimensional maps are the latest seismic method used by big drilling service provider firms.

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The role of Central Bank becomes crucial in promoting an effective governance module within the banking system in Libya primarily because the banks have various stakeholders like shareholders, debt holders, the board of directors, competitors, the common man whose savings can be used or misused by banks if not monitored closely.

The use of fair value measurement needs to be appropriate to the company context and operational type so as to make the measurement beneficial, hence creating practicality solutions to the problems in the companies. The fair value needs to be time conscious since its reports need to reveal the yearly financial performance of the company.

The existing economic environment is one of the most volatile in the modern history of the world as developed countries of the world suffered heavily due to economic meltdown. Not only the confidence of investors is low but the overall aggregate demand also remained low during most part of the last two years or so.

Porter (1996) has described three generic strategies; cost leadership, differentiation and focus that are the foundations of competitive advantage or difference. A cost leader lowers cost through different activities while a differentiator asks for a premium due to the unique features of its product or service.

Fed places a strong emphasis on money creation through banks when deciding its monetary policy. However, money creation depends on deposits and a vast percentage of that comes from households. If households reduce the amount or number of deposits in banks, there will be fewer reserves and therefore less money creation through loans.

Dr. Nurul Islam, Emeritus Research Fellow at the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) has once said that three factors stood out in the successful implementation of economic reforms; Conviction, consensus and commitment, and competence (Montek Ahluwalia, Some Lessons from Economic Reforms in India, 2004).

The supply of money in the economy should be managed so that people work hard for it, the fewer the supply, the stable the economy. This affected the economy of China when it lowered its interest rate to empower the citizens, to borrow more money for; investment not knowing that it would lead to inflation.

In general, the non-specialist audience is the one that should be made an emphasis to. This is because most of them are not conversant with the content you may be presenting. Examples of non-specialist audiences include; policymakers, members of the public, media, committees of funding bodies, and researchers.

Thus the report stated that in an industry that demonstrates such a “high level of customer loyalty, the strength of competition as an effective regulator is inadequate.” This report was prepared by a joint committee of the UK Government and the Bank of England recommended codification of the law as spelled out under the 1892 Act so that all negotiable instruments were covered.    

The performance of contracts is guaranteed by the clearinghouse associated with the exchange which eliminates any possibility of default. In recent years some exchanges have introduced so-called FLEX option contracts which allow investors to tailor certain terms of a contract. (Christopher, 2001; 45-57) 

Generally speaking, EVENTIS places high importance on its experienced staff members to act as mentors for the newly hired employees. And because of this nature and keeping a friendly atmosphere at the workplace, EVENTIS is a growing company which is a one-stop solution for all kinds of event management.

Management accounting and financial control is a vital function in every organisation as industries become more and more sophisticated and competition becomes more intense. Thus, learning management accounting and financial control is key for every organisation in order to come up with vital information that will aid it to come up with better decisions.

This paper had portrayed the meaning of externalities and its impacts over capital markets of developing countries. This paper had highlighted the urgent need for the adoption of externalities controlling techniques via developing countries to evade the situation of exhausted resources in array to sustain the growth rate of development.

The lags in monetary policy, the velocity of money, cyclical asymmetry and inflation targeting are the same shortcomings of the monetary policy that usually create problems of the central banks. However, the reasons like political influences, market interest rates and exchange rates are external causes that create problems for the central bank.

It is quite essential to state that the demand for photovoltaic systems has been growing rapidly. The industry growth rate is 20%, and there is a good chance that this number will increase because of federal and state incentives and tax credits that encourage customers installing photovoltaic systems.

It is quite essential to state that the MPT, CAPM and APT have found useful application in the field of investments and portfolio management.  Portfolio theories’ holistic approach to risk and return have brought a conceptual shift from single-stock choices to comprehensive management of risk and return. 

The financial crisis of 2008-09 posed a major threat for most of the funds and the fall in the stock market resulted in huge capital erosion. This holds true even for Morris Fund which invested a good proportion of its fund in the stock market. From June 2010 Morris Fund has to pay the investors who invested around 5 years back.

Credit Risk Management has been and will remain to be a major challenge to all banking organizations. It is utmost crucial for all banks to equip themselves with modern policies and principles of establishing a sound credit risk management framework. Credit-lending is the initial and most important aspect of credit risk management. 

It is essential to state that as a crucial element of the corporate strategic planning, the financial management is usually used to identify the appropriate financial planning that will offer to the firm the ability to handle effectively any potential turbulence either of its local or the global market.

The CAPM has been around for more than four decades.  Despite academic hesitancy in confirming it, practitioners have gone ahead and made it their own (Brigham and Gapenski 1996, p. 177).   This is not difficult to rationalize.  It is not important to those who employ the model whether it is absolutely accurate or not. 

As this study shall utilise the focus interview method for gathering primary data relevant to the topic, the researcher can hence control the quality of the result of the interview (May 2001). Organising the interviewing process in detail is an important process in order for the interview to proceed smoothly.

The CAPM on its part enables the investor to make inferences about the required return on his/her investment. However, both portfolio theory and the CAPM are based on underlying assumptions that may flaw their relevance to investors. For example, the CAPM assumes that each investor holds the market portfolio, which may not be the case in real life.