Achieving Sustainable Development in Construction - Essay Example

?Running head: Achieving Sustainable Development in Construction Achieving Sustainable Development in Construction Insert Insert Grade Insert Tutor’s Name March 3, 2012 Achieving Sustainable Development in Construction Introduction The construction industry has evolved into one of the powerful economic sectors in the country, given its immense contribution to the economy (Porritt, N.d). Due to this fact, the sector has become competitive and in the process, it has led to prosperity and growth of the economy. But it must be recognized that in modern world, there is greater emphasis on efficient infrastructure as far as construction and development are the two issues of concerns (HM Government, 2008). Therefore, many stakeholders have postulated that construction industry has a big role to play in ensuring that infrastructures are built in the most innovative way and in the most cost-effective way. On overall, it must be noted that, construction industry has a big impact on the way resources are used and utilized, and it is from this aspect that advocacy has increased in recent times to ensure a sustainable construction industry is designed and developed (Clements-Croome, 2004). The government of UK has in the recent past come out strongly with a message that sustainable development has to take place firmly in the construction industry. As a result, it is clear today that the impact that emerges to the built environment as a result of construction plays a great role in driving or accelerating sustainable growth and development (HM Government, 2008). Sustainability and Government Effort Since emergence of sustainable development goals, efforts by different governments and agencies have been directed towards development initiatives, which are undertaken in such a way that, the future generation is not sacrificed with the kind of development initiatives undertaken now (Royal Society of Chemistry 1999). For instance, at the moment, the government is much committed to the realization of sustainable development goals, and subsequently, a number of sustainable development objectives have been set. For example, the government is keen on promoting social resilience and inclusion where all groups in the society have to be accommodated. Moreover, the government is keen on promoting environmental conservation, where the aim has been directed at reducing the greenhouse gas (GHG) emission (Department for Business Innovation and Skills, N.d). More importantly, the UK government has made it clear that efforts of all stakeholders should be directed at maintenance of high and stable opportunities of employment, while at the same time, ensuring sustainable economy is promoted (Department for Business Innovation and Skills, N.d). Therefore, the paramount aim or goal here for the government is to promote sustainable development of economic, social, and environmental issues in the most responsible way, and this does not isolate or subtract construction industry (Myers, 2011). Moreover, effort has to be made and identify how the government of UK has played its role in the development of sustainable construction industry in the country (Department for Business Innovation and Skills, N.d). Therefore, some of the government initiatives that the government has developed include developing Enterprise Strategy and the Innovation White Paper, which the government has collaborated with the industry players to ensure that sustainability in construction industry remain the major driving focus. Construction industry in UK Construction industry in UK continues to realize bountiful output which at the moment is estimated to be about 10 billion pounds (HM Government 2008). At the same time, it accounts for about 8% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and is responsible in creating numerous employment opportunities. It is recognized that both the public and private sector are involved in construction sector, a situation that has seen immense sprouting of commercial buildings, homes and diverse infrastructures. As a result, construction industry has the ability either directly or indirectly to impact on environment, economy and society. As a result, sustainable economy has become an issue that stakeholders in construction industry continue to emphasize. As a result, it is perceived that continued development of construction projects has great impact on the sustainable economy where the greatest impact is realized through the impact it has on the environment (HM Government 2008). At the same time it has to be known that it is difficult to meet the formulated environmental targets without actually exerting great impact on the environmental aspects of buildings and infrastructure construction. This therefore calls for a robust change in the way design and buildings are done in UK. This has seen both the industry and government take up collaborative efforts and initiatives that aims to recognize and deliver radical change in the sustainability of the construction industry (Dhir, Newlands and Dyer, 2003). The government has made it clear that sustainable construction is what must be pursued in the country in order to safeguard environment, social and economic aspects of the current generation and future generation. As a result, the government has put in more strategic frameworks and teams where the primary aim is to identify and suggest the best methods and ways to promote sustainable development. Such initiatives include Sustainable Construction initiative, where the government and construction industry have come into agreement to work towards a vision of realizing sustainable development in construction industry (HM Government 2008). For instance, one of the primary vision of Strategy for Sustainable Construction include putting in place strategies to reduce carbon footprint and rampant consumption of natural resources and this has to be done in line to create a safer and stronger industry by training and retaining skilled and committed workforce (HM Government 2008). One of the strategy roadmap of this strategy is to formulate and lay out specific actions and strategies that have to be performed by government and industry players in order to achieve the set targets with regard to sustainability. This strategy was strengthened by establishment in 2007 of a Sustainable Procurement Action Plan by the government, whereby the government took up the responsibility of setting goals with primary aim of procuring more sustainable properties and infrastructure in the public sector (HM Government, 2008). At the same time, the strategy is premised on the need to provide more clarity about the diverse government commitments and targets which must be fulfilled in an attempt to deliver a sustainable construction industry. Sustainable Initiatives in Construction Industry Sustainable development is one of the many development initiatives UK government has embraced with enthusiasm and a lot of zeal. Every effort and attempt is being made to ensure that adequate and relevant regulatory frameworks are in place in order to ensure construction is in line with sustainable development goals. But there has been some confusion with regard to professional responsibility regarding the regulation of sustainable construction in UK and also who holds the technical capability to do so (Curwell, Deakin and Symes, 2008). Nevertheless, government effort remains steadfast in ensuring that sustainability issues are observed in the construction industry. For example, in the past, there has been establishment of the Supplementary Planning Documents providing regulatory and guiding framework with regard to sustainable development (Curwell, Deakin and Symes, 2008). In UK, the primary responsibility for regulating permission to develop has been carried out by the professional bodies such as planners, while that of technical capability for sustainable construction has been assumed by service providers in the construction sector. Such service providers include architects, engineers and constructors who are controlled and regulated by the Building Regulations Act formulated by the Department for Communities and Local Government (Curwell, Deakin and Symes 2008). At the same time, regulation of construction industry is seen to be a collaborative effort or initiative of diverse stakeholders and government ministries and agencies. For example, apart from the Department of Communities and Local Government (DCLG), there are; the Department for Environment, Department of Trade and Industry (DTI), and Food and Rural Affairs (Curwell, Deakin and Symes, 2008). The presence of the last department in this entire affair is to preside over efficient waste management and its responsibility is seen to be perfectly implicated in the environmental sustainability. The two major departments; DTI and DCLG, continue to be the presiding agencies for sustainable construction initiatives in the country. The mission of the two departments has been to advocate and ensure that construction industry players adhere to the sustainability goals through such initiatives as innovation and self-improvement, where necessary enforcement may be incorporated. In recent times, there has been steady progress where the government and key partners have come together and in the end, there are numerous strategic initiatives which aim to ensure construction industry remain vibrant. This has led to adoption of Sustainable Development agenda driven by UK government (WRAP, 2010). For example, in 2008, there was the launch of Strategy for Sustainable Construction and in line with this strategy, there was the launch of the Progress Report on the Strategy for Sustainable Construction (). The primary goal of this report was to identify, outline and explain through appropriate information the extent of key successes and progress towards achieving of deliverables and key areas of concern (WRAP, 2010). At the same time, in 2007, there was the creation of BIS, which was initially known as the BERR. The main role of this initiative was to provide consultative services which led to creation of Draft Strategy for Sustainable Construction (WRAP, 2010). The development of this strategy was linked to the primary need to deliver and promote construction methods that are more sustainable and beneficial to the development of the society. As a result, the strategy has established vision and goals it intends to accomplish with regard to sustainable development. The goals that have been established include: providing clear framework to both the industry and government in regard to different regulation frameworks and initiatives that in one way or the other have impact on sustainable development. Second, the strategy has primary goal of ensuring standards are set to a level majority of stakeholders can achieve without problem but with greater emphasis on sustainability (WRAP, 2010). The last goal in the strategy has to do with providing clear guidance upon which industry and government players can come together and take part in initiatives of promoting construction agenda and moving it forward (WRAP, 2010). Given that the UK government has initiated Sustainable Development Strategy, there has been development of 68 national sustainable development indicators. Moreover, included in these indicators are the 20 UK framework indicators (FI) which apply to both UK government and the devolution units of Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland (WRAP 2010). It should be noted that the 68 indicators as outlined in the strategy can fall in any one or more of the four critical areas that include: production and consumption of resources in the most efficient and sustainable manner, climate change and energy resources, protection of critical natural resources and also improvement and preservation of the environment, and lastly, creation of sustainable communities in a world that is fair and all inclusive (WRAP, 2010). This is not the only government strategy that has been created with regard to sustainable construction; there are other strategic frameworks that have been created and implemented. For example, there is the ‘UK Government Sustainable Strategy,’ which since its creation was later modified in 2005 (WRAP, 2010). The primary goal of the strategy is to integrate environment, social issues and economic progress alongside sound environmental aspects through effective policies. The strategy has four basic objectives that have to be achieved. The first is the promotion of social progress principles that identify and attempt to address the diverse needs of majority in the society (WRAP 2010). The second objective is to ensure sound strategies are in place that sees environmental protection and preservation. Third aspect concerns wise and effective use of the available natural resources with greater care for future generations, and lastly, the strategy aim to ensure adequate policy frameworks are in place to ensure sustainable and appropriate economic growth and employment (WRAP, 2010). Another critical initiative is the ‘Strategy for More Sustainable Construction’, which was developed in 1999 and refined in 2000 (WRAP, 2010). The document which is in policy nature provides key recommendations that aim to put in place initiatives for adoption of more sustainable practices especially in the construction industry. The policies provide roadmap and vital initiatives that should be fulfilled by diverse stakeholders involved in the process of sustainable construction and related activities. At the same time, roles and responsibilities for various stakeholders involved in the process or in the industry have been outlined clearly and all efforts have been directed at ensuring appropriate sustainable goals are realized in the construction industry. Another strategy that has been developed is the ‘Sustainable Development Strategy’ that was initiated in 1994 and this was in line with call for sustainable development during the United Nations Earth Summit that was held in Rio (). Initiatives adopted in the strategy also pertain and affect construction industry since the industry is seen to be the biggest consumer of natural resources in the country. Sustainable Construction Strategy The main primary strategy that will be evaluated is the Strategy for Sustainable Construction which the government has injected a lot of resources and effort in order to see its success. As it was highlighted earlier, the main aim of the strategy is to provide succinct guidance with regard to the existing framework and also help the government create a clearer direction regarding future government policy initiatives. In other words, in order to realize shared vision of sustainable construction, the strategy has outlined its vision with regard to the government and other stakeholders. Apart from the set vision and goals, the strategy has a clear outline on how delivery has to be accomplished in the entire industry of construction. For example, in order to ensure adequate delivery, there has to be collaboration between government and related stakeholders in the industry such as professionals and property owners. To this end, the government has been involved greatly in setting up diverse means and ways in which sustainable construction can be achieved in the country. As a result there are both means and ends strategies that have been developed where the means constitute processes and activities that help to achieve the ends. O the other hand, the ends is largely outcomes of critical variable factors like climate change and fauna and flora (The National Archives, N.d). Contained in the strategy involve strategic targets that the government has set and stakeholders are supposed to comply. More precisely, the government has created deliverable goals of sustainable construction with accompanying delivery plan. The delivery plan clearly shows how the targets have to be achieved or realized. For example, the first delivery goal of the strategy concerns procurement, whereby the primary objective of this is to see a comprehensive improvement of life value and this has to be done through adoption and implementation of sound practice construction procurement and supply (The National Archives N.d). This is done through integration whereby there is adoption and implementation of Construction Commitments and this has to involve both the public and private sectors through an efficient and sustainable supply chain (The National Archives, N.d). The second goal of the strategy concerns aspect of design. The objective here is to emphasize the need for an appropriate and efficient design in the construction industry. This is to say, the design which has to be adopted and implemented by various stakeholders has to promote good buildings, adequate and appropriate infrastructures, enough and proper public space and places, resources are utilized in the most efficient way, and on overall the design is good and adaptive to the diverse needs of stakeholders (The National Archives, N.d). In this way, it can be said that good design exhibit characteristics of sustainable construction where resources being key elements in development are efficiently utilized and managed. In order to promote and realize this goal, the government has taken up the role of advocating for design of effective assessment tools with regard to buildings, infrastructure, public space, and so on (The National Archives, N.d). The third goal of the Strategy for Sustainable Construction has to do with aspects of innovation. This is where the government has come clear in creating awareness among diverse stakeholders in the industry about the need and importance to grow the industry through increased initiatives of innovation that has to operate or function through sustainability goals (The National Archives, N.d). In this manner, the construction industry, together with the entire process of design and subsequent construction process has to be base on sound innovation strategies that does not isolate sustainable development. Apart from emphasizing innovation, the government of UK has become more concerned about the people especially those mandated to carry and manage construction projects and related activities. The strategy proposes and calls for all stakeholders to consider key aspects and strategies to develop people through such initiatives as training (The National Archives, N.d). People given mandate or those involved either directly or indirectly in the construction industry should be equipped with necessary skills and knowledge concerning sustainable construction. In this way, different organizations and agencies have to develop and implement appropriate training schedules and plans that in one way or the other promote and sustain continuous professional development necessary for sustainable construction industry (The National Archives, N.d). Moreover, training needs of stakeholders and all involved in the construction industry has to incorporate awareness and sensitization strategies and initiatives in order to have a robust understanding, conceptualization and appreciation for sustainable construction. Moreover, the people in construction industry have to be protected from all forms of injuries that may arise. As it can be seen sustainability has the social goal of seeing that the society is well and all forms of dangers are managed or eliminated (Cooper, 2005). Therefore, it is in this respect that the government has outlined education and training as critical component of the sustainable construction. Similarly, the government has established strategic goals with regard to outcomes or results of sustainable construction initiatives. The government initiatives of regulation and monitoring aim to see an efficient climate change mitigation strategy or framework. In this regard, the government has set minimum targets whereby the industry has to see overall reduction of carbon dioxide in the construction projects (The National Archives, N.d). Construction project managers have role of ensuring carbon emission is minimized and that climate and environment are adequately preserved and protected. In this way, the government has set a target of 26% that all construction projects should be able to realize by the end of 2020 (The National Archives, N.d). Some of the initiatives being undertaken to see that the policy of carbon reduction is achieved involve establishing and implementing policy that require new homes to exhibit zero levels of carbon emission by the year 2016. More so, the government has set initiatives for the schools and public sector buildings to have modification that will see them realize zero tolerance to carbon from year 2016, 2018 and 2019 respectively (The National Archives, N.d). Related to this regulatory policy is another policy that concerns climate change adaptation. The primary aim of the initiative is to see that sustainable construction industry is guided by robust and comprehensive approach initiatives that advocate for good climate management and all stakeholders participate in collaborative effort to ensure success. Other initiatives upon which government has established regulation and management policies include water, biodiversity, waste management and related materials. For example, with regard to water, the government has put in place measures in terms of policies to see that water for future is guaranteed. To achieve this, the initiatives advocate for reduction of water consumption and this is to be achieved through technological development and innovations (The National Archives, N.d). On the other hand, biodiversity constitutes another aspect that construction industry has to put in consideration especially regarding realization of sustainability goals. This is to see that biodiversity that is found mostly in construction sites or vicinity is preserved and protected and this is to be so throughout the entire process of construction development (The National Archives, N.d). Waste management is also another area that has captured the government’s attention where initiatives in terms of policies have been formulated and the primary desire is to see waste of resources minimized. Lastly, materials to be used in construction have to be of sound quality and give the best to the environment, social and economic aspects of sustainability (Wikinson, Reed and Cadman, 2008). Performance Measurement United Kingdom government has not only taken part in formulating policies of sustainable construction and implementing them but ensuring that performance of key indicators regarding sustainable construction is undertaken. For example, there has been effort on the part of the government to initiate and ensure key performance indicators (KPIs) are undertake. Performance indicators have a role of ensuring that goals and objectives set in the strategic initiatives of sustainable construction are realized in the most efficient manner. In UK, numerous tools and methods have been used to measure performance indicators. For instance, the most common and available tools include: DGNB and BREEAM (Anderson, Anderson, Shiers and Steele, 2009). Other tools may include BEE calculation tool, TBL dimensions, CEN TC 350 standards, and the LCA principle (Bodart and Evrard, 2011) In conducting performance studies of the current sustainable construction strategies and policies, the government tend to put in mind aspects such as: consumption of fuels and related resources and how this happens in the construction industry, emission of gases in the construction sites and buildings, impact the buildings and other infrastructures have on the three aspects of sustainability, and waste disposal and management strategies (Halliday, 2002). Moreover, performance indicators tend to originate from activities that involves how well buildings and other infrastructures are constructed, the lighting systems in the building, the air quality in the buildings, and the longevity and flexibility of the construction projects with regard to sustainability goals (Bodart and Evrard, 2011). Furthermore, the government has beefed up efforts to conduct also performance with regard to future indicators which may explain the likely to happen as sustainability become the major theme in sustainable development. Due to this, the government has devices some kind of KPIs regarded to be future oriented. Majority of these performance indicators are ingrained in frameworks of performance indicators specifically for environmental performance (Bodart and Evrard, 2011). But, the government tend to adopt economic dimension to foresee sustainability in the construction industry. This has to do with costs likely to originate from construction projects. When costs are exorbitantly high, there is likelihood that sustainability of construction projects will be compromised (Bodart and Evrard 2011). Social indicators are also likely to form the basis for future performance initiatives of the construction industry. This is likely to come from evaluating the impact the construction projects will have on the overall lives of people especially the occupants of the constructed buildings. Lastly, future performance indicators are likely to come from the environmental concern and related initiatives (Great Britain: National Audit Office 2007). As a result, performance likely to take will involve evaluating the impact of the construction industry to the local, regional, and national environment (Adamson and Pollington, 2006). Recommendation Given that performance of key indicators has gradually become part of the sustainable development process, there is need to develop initiatives that address current and future needs of sustainable construction industry. Performance measurement has to move from the traditional manner and embrace new aspects that capture modern reality. In order to realize this, the government will have to incorporate and work with diverse stakeholders involved in the construction industry. In this respect, collaboration aided with cooperation and continuous learning should be the key aspects to ensure performance measurement of sustainable construction is achieved in the most appropriate way (Carmona and Sieh, 2004). Moreover, the government initiatives and strategies have to be flexible but comprehensive. This is to ensure that dynamism in the wider environment is adequately and appropriately captured with regard to sustainable development. Conclusion This section was largely concerned with identifying the role of government in regulation of sustainable construction industry. Moreover, the attempt was to see how performance of key indicators is conducted and the particular tools used. Throughout the paper, the researcher has tried to capture these issues through detailed analysis and presentation of facts and information. The researcher has also used diverse materials to create a comprehensive review of the section. In summary, it has been established that the government of UK is actively involved in the creation and promotion of sustainable construction industry. To achieve the goals of sustainability, the government has initiated and continuer to advocate for partnership and collaboration with key stakeholders who have direct or indirect experience in construction industry. Nevertheless, the effort of the government has resulted into numerous benefits where on overall, regulation of construction industry has led to realization of sustainable goals of development in the construction industry. Reference List Adamson, D. M., & Pollington, T., 2006. Change in the Construction Industry: An account of the UK Construction Industry Reform Movement 1993-2003. MA: Taylor & Francis. [Online]. Available from: http://books.google.com/books?id=I3SgSEsx0KIC&pg=PA103&dq=performance+indicators+of+sustainable+construction+industry+in+UK&hl=en&sa=X&ei=blFRT_GXLMPKhAeby7XeCw&ved=0CG8Q6AEwBzgK#v=onepage&q&f=false [Accessed 02 March 2012]. Anderson, J., Anderson, J., Shiers, D., & Steele, K., 2009. The Green Guide to Specification: An Environmental Profiling System for Building Materials and Components. MA: John Wiley and Sons. [Online]. Available from: http://books.google.com/books?id=F1Ctcj6X4c4C&pg=PA8&dq=performance+indicators+of+sustainable+construction+industry+in+UK&hl=en&sa=X&ei=blFRT_GXLMPKhAeby7XeCw&ved=0CGAQ6AEwBTgK#v=onepage&q=performance%20indicators%20of%20sustainable%20construction%20industry%20in%20UK&f=false [Accessed 02 March 2012]. Bodart, M., & Evrard, A., 2011. Architecture and Sustainable Development. [Online]. Available from: http://books.google.com/books?id=KKZMp2kotAEC&pg=PA134&dq=performance+indicators+of+sustainable+construction+industry+in+UK&hl=en&sa=X&ei=E0RRT-HvAefP4QSPrbn3DQ&ved=0CFUQ6AEwBQ#v=onepage&q=performance%20indicators%20of%20sustainable%20construction%20industry%20in%20UK&f=false [Accessed 02 March 2012]. Carmona, M., Sieh, L., 2004. Measuring Quality in Planning: Managing the Performance Process. MA: Taylor & Francis. [Online]. Available from: http://books.google.com/books?id=9ukB5c65GJwC&printsec=frontcover&dq=performance+indicators+of+sustainable+construction+industry+in+UK&hl=en&sa=X&ei=E0RRT-HvAefP4QSPrbn3DQ&ved=0CG4Q6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q&f=false [Accessed 02 March 2012]. Clements-Croome, D., 2004. Intelligent Buildings: Design, Management and Operation. UK: Thomas Telford. [Online]. Available from: http://books.google.com/books?id=5EYU9jvsnvsC&pg=PA378&dq=performance+indicators+of+sustainable+construction+industry+in+UK&hl=en&sa=X&ei=blFRT_GXLMPKhAeby7XeCw&ved=0CFIQ6AEwAzgK#v=onepage&q=performance%20indicators%20of%20sustainable%20construction%20industry%20in%20UK&f=false [Accessed 02 March 2012]. Cooper, I., 2005. Construction Benchmarking: Sustainable Construction Strategy Workshop. UK: Centre for Construction Innovation. [Online]. Available from: https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:DEHMbDhhOcMJ:hosting.creativeconcern.com/ecoregion/downloads/presentations/Cooper_Ecoregion_NW.ppt+sustainable+construction+indicators+in+UK&hl=en&gl=ke&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEEShQaJNSrARRuPLH41KsSIJWmcD4jS7SLqwQBjcefk0tDTt9p6GlYc_xwRzhJQ9QmQ2jTQd8Wtrm3mYr3qO8cactt_mQqGBQ-dBpwjKMhp635H8TabCoehdNH8YlNsl5_w5QigTH&sig=AHIEtbT5cOL5skd63jURPwKp1e9ttSB2Rw [Accessed 02 March 2012]. Curwell, S. R., Deakin, M., & Symes, M., 2008. Sustainable Urban Development: Changing Professional Practice. MA: Taylor & Francis. [Online]. Available from: http://books.google.com/books?id=De9E5iih5s8C&pg=PA107&dq=UK+government+and+its+role+in+sustainable+construction+industry&hl=en&sa=X&ei=YONQT7SxK8LIhAfjo6WBDA&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=UK%20government%20and%20its%20role%20in%20sustainable%20construction%20industry&f=false [Accessed 02 March 2012]. Department for Business Innovation and Skills. N.d. 'Sustainability in Construction Industry'. [Online]. Available from: http://www.businesslink.gov.uk/bdotg/action/detail?itemId=1084645650&type=RESOURCES [Accessed 02 March 2012]. Dhir, R. K., Newlands, M. D., & Dyer, T. D., 2003. Sustainable Waste Management. UK: Thomas Telford. [Online]. Available from: http://books.google.com/books?id=Z5j1H7gJTdIC&pg=PA57&dq=sustainable+construction+industry+in+UK&hl=en&sa=X&ei=01tRT9_rGdKyhAfFnPjrCw&ved=0CF4Q6AEwBg#v=onepage&q=sustainable%20construction%20industry%20in%20UK&f=false [Accessed 02 March 2012]. Great Britain: National Audit Office. 2007. Building for the Future: Sustainable Construction and Refurbishment on the Government Estate. UK: The Stationery Office. [Online]. Available from: http://books.google.com/books?id=vtHMjhNmMasC&pg=PP10&dq=performance+indicators+of+sustainable+construction+industry+in+UK&hl=en&sa=X&ei=aVhRT4ufOcSHhQfxrvHICw&ved=0CEcQ6AEwATge#v=onepage&q=performance%20indicators%20of%20sustainable%20construction%20industry%20in%20UK&f=false [Accessed 02 March 2012]. Halliday, J. E., 2002. Sustainable Concrete Construction: Proceedings of the International Conference Held at the University of Dundee, Scotland, UK on 9-11 September, 2002. UK: Thomas Telford. [Online]. Available from: http://books.google.com/books?id=YeMA2JV5qZAC&pg=PA691&dq=performance+indicators+of+sustainable+construction+industry+in+UK&hl=en&sa=X&ei=blFRT_GXLMPKhAeby7XeCw&ved=0CEYQ6AEwATgK#v=onepage&q=performance%20indicators%20of%20sustainable%20construction%20industry%20in%20UK&f=false [Accessed 02 March 2012]. HM Government. 2008. Strategy for Sustainable Construction. [Online]. Available from: https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:MtHjjNUXENIJ:www.bis.gov.uk/files/file46535.pdf+role+of+UK+government+in+enhancing+sustainable+construction&hl=en&gl=ke&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEEShlAYB7LlT36_tfwxCstdoPJ2jaLIPjDCM7kMW8IO7ddI2LfykNNolQbKKzLmtFtRrgcXpgEsUBbLeggt_lm3aQvVY5Qy7KfVNy5hoPdJGN7dE1Jz7vzWpKbrn9VUOffkkLH_A4&sig=AHIEtbR4N72KFzhUovHLMLWUeQQBpF7jCw [Accessed 02 March 2012]. Myers, D., 2011. Economics and Property: The Estates Gazette Guide. NY: Routledge. [Online]. Available from: http://books.google.com/books?id=9P9nQg1TM6gC&pg=PA154&dq=sustainable+construction+industry+in+UK&hl=en&sa=X&ei=01tRT9_rGdKyhAfFnPjrCw&ved=0CDgQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=sustainable%20construction%20industry%20in%20UK&f=false [Accessed 02 March 2012]. Porritt, J., N.d. The Concrete Industry Sustainability Performance Report. [Online]. Available from: https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:Z12UgTg-cBEJ:www.britishprecast.org/10063CCSCSPerformanceReportFinal.pdf.pdf+sustainable+construction+indicators+in+UK&hl=en&gl=ke&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEEShxosBD4g8TqRoldGnhNBLbWwzkuXfDmwj0a-VoahafGUhdJxtLF2lvW2saten-xHd_mke6LEIAGQSzuG0w1zdSIUeKp5AyF2XuSjCwkV124hWuVNRBzjM5Kojz4j9uNuoc81KA&sig=AHIEtbRAaIBmHSnD28qdw4mDDE2aDq742Q [Accessed 02 March 2012]. Royal Society of Chemistry. 2009. Environmental Impact of Power Generation. UK: Royal Society of Chemistry. [Online]. Available from: http://books.google.com/books?id=oQBAUaYQpRYC&pg=PA58&dq=performance+indicators+of+sustainable+construction+industry+in+UK&hl=en&sa=X&ei=blFRT_GXLMPKhAeby7XeCw&ved=0CHUQ6AEwCDgK#v=onepage&q=performance%20indicators%20of%20sustainable%20construction%20industry%20in%20UK&f=false [Accessed 02 March 2012]. The National Archives. N.d. ‘The Strategy for Sustainable Construction’. [Online]. Available from: http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/+/http://www.bis.gov.uk/policies/business-sectors/construction/sustainable-construction/strategy-for-sustainable-construction. Wilkinson, S., Reed, R., & Cadman, D., 2008. Property Development. PA: Taylor & Francis. [Online]. Available from: http://books.google.com/books?id=LkPQlAuBsD8C&pg=PA324&dq=performance+indicators+of+sustainable+construction+industry+in+UK&hl=en&sa=X&ei=blFRT_GXLMPKhAeby7XeCw&ved=0CFgQ6AEwBDgK#v=onepage&q=performance%20indicators%20of%20sustainable%20construction%20industry%20in%20UK&f=false [Accessed 02 March 2012]. WRAP. 2010. The Development of a Sustainable Development Strategy for the UK. [Online]. Available from: http://aggregain.wrap.org.uk/sustainability/sustainability_in_construction/uk_sustainable.html [Accessed 02 March 2012]. Read More