Project in 3D Printing of Keys in an NHS Clinic - Case Study Example

By The of the The of the School The and where it is located The Table of Contents Table of Contents 2 PART 1 4 NARRATIVE 4 About the project: 4 Development of the project: 4 Innovated software and hardware features: 4 Project implementers: 4 Unique, innovative managerial project development style selected. 5 The project and its history 5 Systems Map 6 Technology Roadmap 7 Summary of the Key Findings 8 What the system map illustrated about the project 9 b. What worked out for the system map? 9 c. What missed out in system map? 9 What can be learnt from the two diagrams? 10 Bibliography 15 PART 1 Project in 3D Printing of Keys in an NHS clinic NARRATIVE Project Description About the project: This project involves the 3D printing of keys at a NHS clinic. The project addresses the shortage of coded keys that was available to the 150 employees in the clinic. It further created an enhancing speed and efficiency of services as well as security concerns as far as access to the health clinic rooms is concerned. Following implementation of the project, each employee requires special 3D printed keys to have access to specified rooms within the clinic at any given time as specified by the clinical management. Development of the project: The development of the project is distinctively distinguished in three main ways: the ways include the software and hardware features, implementers or the user description and unique and innovative management style selected. Innovated software and hardware features: Project software and hardware grounding demanded the creation and use of a database for all the 3D printed coded keys. The necessity compelled the project committee to purchase the necessary technical equipment, which included a copier machine and the 3D printing software. The implementers hired expertise from outside the clinic; expert in the software program for see the process of checking compatibility and working of the system. The development process had huge consideration for the simultaneous inclusion and incorporation of the virtually all the department including the finance and security and even outsiders in successful execution and running of the project. The project was aimed at helping all of them. Project implementers: The clinic management appointed the project steering committee as well as the project manager and project coordinator. The group mainly came from the clinic workforce. The project committee facilitated overseeing and execution process the input model (refer to system map), facilitator hiring of the necessary expertise and liaise with the project manager to oversee the timely implementation of the project. The project manager, the project coordinator, and the project committee are involved in the entire innovation management process while the clinic employees are only entailed or incorporated during the generation of ideas stage. Unique, innovative managerial project development style selected. The clinic management adopted an innovation management approach that focused on developing innovation strategies, generating ideas, screening ideas, developing the concept of the project from the screened ideas, and commercialize the concept by starting to implement the project. The innovation management process that was used is illustrated below. Fig 1: Project in 3D Printing of Keys in an NHS clinic development flow The panel undertook Idea collection; exchange and brainstorming conducting discussion forums like workshops that were organized by the clinic management as a way of helping stakeholders and employees suggest their innovative ideas. These generated ideas were then screened so as to come up with practical innovative ideas from which 3D printing of keys at work was identified as the most practical project (Tanenbaum, 2011, p564). The project and its history The history the 3D Printing of Keys in NHS clinic shares the global history in 3D printing and the technology involved in various 3D printers. The two diagrams below (system map and roadmap) show the basic outline and technological advancement of the project over time. Systems Map Fig 2: Systems Map about the NHS clinic Technology of 3D Printing of Keys The Systems Map about the NHS clinic Technology of 3D Printing of Keys shows the association of various segments that support the existence and execution of the project. The project has inside and outside environment that controls the operation of the project development. Site development of the project entails the incorporation of the relevant facilities. The facilities provided include installation of CADCAM machines, appropriates software applications, appropriate room set up. The technical support entails support staff that that runs the facility. It is mainly consists of the highly skilled people who have skills of database management and operation of the CNC machinery for manufacture of the 3D Printing of Keys. The project management section sees the overall controls of the project development process. The project manager shares the ambitions and visions of the core project development process. The final products use metals and steel materials. The procurement officer connects with the other linked department in facilitation of the material acquisition process. Human resources office has the sole role of defining new strategic approach on the human resources functions. The functions of the human resources are extremely vital in implementing and execution of new policies in the human resource control. The project publicity and marketing amplification of trade processes. The 3D Printing of Keys department core deportment has six separate offices in control of the management. The project has outside environment that aids in various sectors in managing and amplifying productivity of the project. The different allied environment includes finance, government, commercial partner and lobbying segments. The finance segment has shareholders and investment sub- department. The project shareholder is mainly the hospital main shareholders. Investment department mainly constitute the financial risk analysts and other project business planners. The government has the sole roles of regulatory and policy design. Hospitals security and laws are hugely predetermined by the government due to the issues regarding the lives of the citizens. The government regulates new policies for swaying the project from one to the other segment. Technology Roadmap The Technology Roadmap for the 3D Printing of Keys in an NHS clinic development (Phaal, Farrukh & Probert, 2003). The TRM of the 3D Printing of Keys outlines the project duration, planning of the future functions of the project, elaborates the Trajectory development outline and Technology development of the project. The TRM reveals the various materials planned for application on the project and every stage at which every one project is possible. The TRM notes the group of materials to include , metals , polymers, resins , plastics , ABS , PLA , wood , paper , wax and clay as the main material needed for the technological application in development and nurturing of the program. The commencement of the design process happened mainly through application of the sand , wax , paper , clay and wood as the main materials in the 1990s as shown in the TRM. The TRM spans a period from 1990s to 2020s. Throughout the outlined period, there is an excellent application of the highly sophisticated robotic/ CNC process in the manufacturing of the 3D Printing of Keys. The robotics has the capability of applying the rotational, Cartesian, delta and articulated motions to the final production of the system. The CNC or the robotic also handles beam, laser, UV, surface and special light in the process of deriving the final product. In the final stages 2020s of the project it aims to apply the metals alloys in processing of new 3D Printing of Keys as opposed to the earliest duration. Metal alloys demand extreme research and material testing for derivation of the best qualities and application. Poor application of materials in design and execution have several retrogressive factors including high rates of wear and tear, insecurity of 3D Printing of Keys, unexpected breakages and damages of the keys. Currently, the project entails the use of the metals mainly steel in presentation of the final 3D Printing of Keys for use in the by the NHS clinic. There are mainly two factors that shape up the direction and changes of the project direction at every stage. The two factors are market pull and technological pull. The technological pull refers to the newest available technology in market that shapes up the conventional manufacturing process available in the market. The market has its way of pushing for newer approach in production through fitting in the competitive nature of the prevailing market (Phaal, Farrukh & Probert, 2003). Summary of the Key Findings Summary of the key findings indicates a combined set of benefits and demerits of the technology. The merits includes better security management in NHS clinic, excellent machining process, coherent structure of management process and many other factors. The technology is important allowing smooth running of NHS security but it also avails great fears due to computerization factor. The new security threats because illegal duplicates are possible due to computer crime and internet security issues. In spite of this fact, the key findings involving the project`s system map and the road map was quite encouraging as shown below: What the system map illustrated about the project The system map illustrates the project in its exact environment revealing on the inside and outside environment of the project. The main external environment constituents are the finance, lobbying, government and commercial suppliers. The constituents have sub-constituents enclosed in each outlined constituent. The finance segment has shareholders and investments inside. Government has regulatory and policy making as the inside segments. All the parts have direct and indirect impacts in streamlining the outcomes and project goals of the system map. b. What worked out for the system map? All sections are working dependently in the system map. Every segment has its coherently outlined role in the project. For instance, the environment assessment sector allows for environmental review of the projects. It coordinates with familiarization with government environment regulation bodies. The four departments are vital in forming the core sector of the 3D Printing of Keys process. Site development has distinct approach in development process for the project. It has the outlined structure and expected future growth of the project. Systems NHS clinic has set aside the financial management segment for facilitating the project. It coordinates with other the large NHS clinic management in providing elaborate financial support to the project. The project has procurement officer who facilitates the procurement process of the inventories including the material. The 3D Printing of Keys demands the use of various in generation of models and prototypes. c. What missed out in system map? NHS clinic and its roles do not feature out well in the system map. Though the project aims at availing 3D key printing technology in NHS clinic, the contribution of the clinic does not come out well as left out in system map. System map chose to highlight on other factors like external environment also has the community activists whose sole roles entail the strict adherence to the policy and ethical design of the project. Project has some environmental impacts as regards the wastages collection and provision of the best policies environmental control. The wastes from the project are mainly recyclables that are collected by the commercial partners. Plastics and metal steel wastes are highly vital in certain sector of business operation. Commercial partners are equally significant in coordinating with the procurement office for supply of the relevant products to the organization. d. Possible problems for the future Financing could pose major challenges to the project in future due to the many departments entailed. The departments are manned by people in payroll. 3D printing machines are exposed to deteriorations and depreciation with time so huge financial challenges are likely to emanate. Moreover, projected possible problem that will hold back 3D key printing technology is the patents issues. By February 2014, main patents that stopped competition within the market for highly advanced 3D printers expired (Oremus, 2014,p412). The worst part is the patents covered the technology of “laser sintering”, which is the most inexpensive 3D printing technology. This signifies that there is still a possible scenario of the patents expiring again (Brown & Phaal , 2001). What can be learnt from the two diagrams? The two diagrams, system map and road map reveal huge similarities that are very vital to projects. The Technology Roadmap exposes the plan of the projects with regards to the organizational short or long term goals. It indicates the history from which the project came from and the expected end of the project. System map helps in the exposing the relevant segments that are handled and important to the project. Part 2 Introduction to the aspect being critique The critique and assessment of NHS clinic Technology of 3D printing with regards to project management as a theme is apparently an excellent approach to the project. The approach introduces the audience to a wide variety of concepts that are necessary in determining the critical success factors with increased concerns on relation to project management. The approach aims at highlighting the difficulties that are related to the concept that whose main origin is the absence of the interconnectedness or the inability incoming dynamic nature of the projects. Assessment method prompts huge regards for the use of the Formal Systems Model in the design system thus enhancing the capability of managing of the project in absence of backfire or failure. The approach facilitates easy checking of the an existing management system that typically possesses the required and desirable characteristics thus facilitating development of the sufficient level of desirable competence with regards to management of the project. Introduction to relevant areas of Theory According to project management, the theory of the project aims at presenting success of the project. The theory of the project aims at the successful delivery of the project. The success of the project is notable in the illustration of meeting the client’s requirements. The clients under concern in this section are the group of the staffs of NHS clinic. Project management values the completion within the provided schedule and deadline. According to the theory adhered, the project do not have stated completion time. Every time, the project is re-innovated and improved to increase it applicability in providing coded printed keys to the desirable people. Project theory highlights the budget constraints and attempts to see that the project operates under the provided financial capacity in the possible desirable capacity. The project success is also determinable by the extents of capability to entail and meet quality and the desired quality and safety standards of the project. The benefits and yields of the project can be grouped in terms of offering improved security, jobs and many other adopted features to the NHS clinic surrounding. The projects have well meet the stated organizational objectives through proved providing stated posts and offices to various personalities for management of the project. Real life examples from the innovation project The 3d project has many real –life examples that are highly similar to its model of operation. The project borrowed two opposing methods of managing of the innovation projects. It has appropriately applied the use of both Linear-rational approach and Organic approach. With regards to Linear-rational approach, the project has rigid resource outline utilization and extreme rigid control provided specified limits. Project management is similar real-life situations of business or human traits. Recurrently, every business has a way of keeping afloat in different situations of time. This is mainly through strategizing and reassessing the qualifications or features of the innovations and new invention. Every invention has main challenges and benefits. Attempts are increasingly made to reduce challenges and expand on the benefits to reduce failure of the projects. Analysis using T848 Frameworks Analysis using the project according to the T848 Frameworks shown in the blocks one, two, three, four and five indicates presents a new dimension and perspective to the project. According to T848 Frameworks block one, system of innovation and inclination to the regional range shows the regional background of the project. It is based on the hospital background. With recognition of the second block, philosophy of open innovation becomes apparent. The project is developed on the basis from an original background and basing on innovation factor. The use of the key printing model and enhanced security levels shows elevated practical application and thus expanding the ability of improving on the active role in managing an actual innovation system. It further exposes a strong strategy in terms of outlining innovation approach by allowing for the specific open innovation strategy and enhanced large literature. According to block three, the project has developed new and original design key that forms the basic outline or commencement point for following of the intellectual property process as it includes road mapping process. The block four has huge concern for eco-innovation and sustainability process. The project applies the use of the green and renewable source of energy that has low impacts on the environment. Critical discussion According to outlines of project management, the projects has outlaid critical structure of an excellent project management by creating management process, allowing from improvement of the programs after recurrent reviews and many other operations subsequent to the commencing operation. The main objective of the project is to addresses the shortage of coded keys that was available to the 150 employees in the clinic. The project runs on the theme of coherent project management system. The project has provided segmented offices to distinct officers whose aim is to expand efficiency and thus propagate quick and amplified reach to the desire of the project. The project invests in efficiency of each department to bring out results on the management basis of the project. Failure of such initiatives will result in poor results that may mean collapse of the project. Offices and roles such as stakeholder management have various committee members from various departments that design new innovative policies in raising the projects. The stakeholders formulate the future prospects of the projects by outlining major factors that widen the relevance of the project. Links between reality and theory The Links between reality and theory of project under project management can be measured in terms of comparing the theory on which the project was designed and how far it has reach the stated designs after implementation. The theory of the project aimed at applying various technologies in assuring quality security system in the NHS clinic. The reality showed that it would take time and exerted efforts to reach the for the expected results of the project. Theory provided the guidelines but the practical or reality outlines complete revelation of the outcome modifications. Keys and lock technology is long generation technology that has been used for time immemorial and therefore the theory recognizes the critical aid in uplifting the standards and quality. The reality shows several claims that they keys produced using the 3D printing project are vulnerable to security attacks according to (Oremus, 2014,p23). The keys could even be imprinted in locally and easily available material like clay. Special key gauges could also be used to measure the keys, which can then be duplicated at key cutting shops. Security concers about the project can be attributed to 3D printing of keys since the invention of keys and locking systems. Keys have since then been duplicated. Even with the most effective technologies on 3D printing of keys, new methods of duplicating the keys printed using such technologies are propping up. The new methods are mainly meant to simplify the original processes as well as improving the results, but some security concerns accompany the new methods (Maxey, 2013,p56). The implication here is that the project never achieves full security goals as part of the key objectives (Augustine et al, 2005). Recommendations Main recommendation on the project management is that extreme considerations should be laid on the continuous improvement as it is apparent that reality and theory has very huge difference. The project cannot work as expected in full since challenges are prone to emanate from various corners. The NHS clinic must conduct and relevant financial risk analysis and profitability to ensure proper working of the system in the most economical path (Phaal, Farrukh & Probert, 2003). Highly skilled operators and maintaining staffs are highly important for maintaining the CNC system so that great losses do not erupt due to the destruction and wastage. Key passwords and software issues should be entrusted to certain trusted administers to ensure maximum levels of security. Such security measures would cub any security threats as most concerns emanate solely from within the clinic as a cause of the employees. In normal circumstances however, it has been noted that with the normal hacking of computers, it is possible to open up security handcuffs that are highly secured. Plastic copies that are cheaply produced using a laser-cutter and a 3D key-printer could be duplicated using the CAD technique (Augustine et al, 2005). Conclusion in conclusion, the project is an exemplary master piece that shows great features of a good project under innovation and development. It has complied with the various blocks of T848 Frameworks in bid to create new dimension approach to the NHS clinic. It has improved on old programs and available technologies to create a new product for the clinic. Under the model of search-select-capture-implement-innovation strategy-innovation organization, the technology innovation could be made effective, but the little cases of failures and security issues may still show some deficiencies thus making it difficult to achieve maximum effectiveness. Bibliography Garcia, M. 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(2003), Technology Roadmapping - A Planning Framework For Evolution And Revolution, Technological Forecasting & Social Change, 71(1-2), Pp. 5-26. (Abstract) Augustine, S., Payne, B., Sencindiver, F. and Woodcock, S. (2005) ‘Agile project management: steering from the edges’, Communications of the ACM, vol. 48, no. 12, pp. 85–9. Read More