The Economic and Social Dimensions - Essay Example

SECTION 1 Economic and social dimension are important factors for a proper political analysis according to the Political Compass survey. The questions were asked in six different portions on, -country and the world -economy -personal social values -wider society -religion -and sex I gave answers by keeping in mind my social values and worlds terrorism. In today’s world it is the survival of the fittest so I wanted that my political party should have strong national interest and control the inside and outside affairs of the country. We should have religious liberalism and also to put a restrain on sexual activities and drugs. Now I will discuss my choices in every section. Country and the world section I chose humanity over multinational company’s interest because we should not only talk about humanity when the half of the world is a victim of power abuse or terrorism. On the other side we should be proud of our nation and try our best to make our country better; only positive thinking can be a help in bringing positive changes in the society. In economy section, the option which was strongly disagreed was that rich people should not get any extra privileges and everyone should get equal job opportunity and medical care. If everyone has to pay 10 percent tax then the richer will also pay 10 percent of the total income. Social values mean that child is getting best first education at home from an educational mother. There will be no gender discrimination but she should not ignore home duties. Educated mothers will give great nation. School system should be very authoritarian and have strict rule of law. Every individual who have basic facilities of life should contribute to the society like job, tax and live by rule. Wider society had options how to counter terrorism which is the foremost battle of every country. Media should be controlled and multinational should not be able to make monopolies. Religion section had questions about astrology I strongly disagree because no religion believes in astrology. Whereas no one is unlucky he just has to find the real talent in himself. School should have special classes to guide student to do things religiously. While in sex section we should have strong control on the sexual activities because the country which does not follow moral and cultural values may have economical prosperity but is harmful for the nation. My political compass is inclined towards left side of economic section -1.62. While Social section it says 1.03 reading. I fall in Authoritarian section which has many other leaders too like Mahmoud Abbass, Pop Bendict, and Stalin etc. The government should be authoritarian to control the inside and outside affairs of the state. SECTION 2-3: Summary of chapters Australian Public Service and Environment: They discussed the two major section of Australian social and political sector and compared it with those of England. Administrative staff - England had selected the administrative staff of Oxford and Cambridge graduate while in Australia there was no institution was preferred just experience was counted. England worked in task of bureaucracy was controlled neutrally which was approved wrong later. They thought that civil servant can administer can work with liberal or conservative government. So in Australia the officials were selected by England for almost 60 years via dictatorship. There always been a tension between the settlers and the government especially in these areas, problematic situations which occur because of non availability of services, lack of private capital and dense population in far flung areas. Even though the government was trying to develop the country by constructing buildings, roads but was ignoring the social sector. Actually it was not working on the framework of England. Later there were many steps taken to improve the public sector, like they employed 13,000 people in seven different departments. Most remarkable expansion in Australian Bureaucracy was after Second World War, when it was realized that the country has to do more in its defense, trade, make a permanent plan for any post war reconstructions and develop numerous universities and colleges. They want to bring professionalism in the administration department, but the changes took time as people were use to traditional methods. When the amount of the staff was virtually doubled in 1972-74, it created awareness and urge in people to participate in economic development and social conduct. There was also a pressure on the government mainly because of two factors. Firstly, there was a urgent need of improve in the managerial sectors, to transfer market from public to private sector. Both of these factors supported the economical rationalism. APS (Australian Public Sector) was establish to assist government to have a better administrative, trade and in decision making. It has many agencies of different categories which have different work to do. Category A: department Category B: Statutory agencies with employees under Public Service Act 99 Category C: Statutory agencies with employees under Public Service Act 99 in enabling legislation. Category D: Executive agencies Category E: Include bodies with employed staff under PS act. The selecting staff and ethos were discussed in details, how women and men will get equal opportunities and workplace range. The financial aid is given by government to do a particular social service, the department will have to keep a strict account of how much money has been spent and a regular report should be given to the Department of Finance and Administration. Budget is designed after keeping the previous year record and treasury in mind. Treasury policy also controls economic management by following the democratic form of government. The policy making role is followed if there is a need of introducing something new. The process has to follow some steps like it will get approved from cabinet and Prime Minister and President has to give their approvals. There is a special report prepared to give record to the parliament about the long term or short term advantage, why there is a need of that policy and what are the negative effects if there are any. Later there might be a need of establishing any department for the purpose and will be checked later on (whether following the mission statement or not). There are some websites and departments like Commonwealth, Administrative Appeals Tribunal, Administrative Review council and federal court where people can tell if they are not happy with any decision of government. There are also many non governmental organizations which also work for the betterment of the country and are functioning in Australia. Political Parties: Political parties are formed by the think alike people who try to win seat in parliament with the help of those same people who vote for them. For example NDP which was formed in the reaction of Hawke’s nuclear dissemination. There is whole process of establishing a political party, firstly they have to be on the criteria given by constitution and secondly they have to decide whether their party will be parliamentary or non parliamentary. Both parties have different criteria to fulfill. Your party will fall into two categories in major or minor party section. There should be a strong ideology which is your party members are following. Ideology must be on the values, beliefs and knowledge of the people which they belief or don’t. Usually people can predict the reaction of the party if they know their ideology. As federal system of parties is encouraged by Australian government, so it is more acceptable by people. Party discipline is gained in many years and to develop trust of the people. They have to follow the rules strictly only then they can have party discipline and unity. SECTION 4: Australia is facing huge ecological crisis caused by government inaction, there is warning for the country's environmental record. Report is prepared by the environmental and conservation groups which has titled Australia as "continent in reverse". It is facing a loss in plants and animal life, the clearing of land, the degradation of inland waters and the burning of fossil fuels as major causes of pollution. The report was dismissed by the government. The report claimed that Australian Government has made considerable improvements in terms of controlling pollution and promoting sustainable land use. If we compare it any other nation, Australian per capita can generate more green houses gas and more clear lands and state Australia as a laggard state. The Kyoto protocol is a one of the most prominent international agreement on climatic changes of World which is also very highly controversial. The Australian government has responded well on the Kyoto protocol, they even report the statistics correct of emissions will rise by only 11% by 2012 and government is also taking suitable steps to overcome the ecological changes, which will absorb carbon dioxide from the air through planting trees - and stop deforestation. Australia is no doubt facing massive criticism on the environmental records and the Environment Minister David Kemp has said "I totally reject the notion that Australia is not being entirely responsible in an environmental sense and through its environmental policies, both internationally and domestically." That is why Australia hasn’t signed the Kyoto pact yet, so on October 28th 2007 Prime Minister John Howard was pressurized to sign the Kyoto protocol which will reverse the government policy ahead of upcoming polls. So in November elections in which he is standing as Labor Party Leader he will un-backed the Kyoto process. Later the Australian Prime Minister Kevin Rudd ratified the Kyoto protocol on 3 December 2007. This came into effect after 90 days (the end of March 2008), as is stated in the guidelines set by the United Nations. The actual clause of the protocol sates that “The Kyoto Protocol is an agreement under which industrialized countries will reduce their collective emissions of greenhouse gases by 5.2% compared to the year 1990 (but note that, compared to the emissions levels that would be expected by 2010 without the Protocol, this limitation represents a 29% cut). The goal is to lower overall emissions of six greenhouse gases - carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, sulfur hexafluoride, hydro fluorocarbons, and perfluorocarbons - averaged over the period of 2008-2012. National limitations range from 8% reductions for the European Union and some others to 7% for the US, 6% for Japan, 0% for Russia, and permitted increases of 8% for Australia and 10% for Iceland.” SECTION 5: Letter to the Editor. (International Herald Tribune) This is in respond to the article ‘Rudd acts to ratify Kyoto accord in Australia’ which was published on December 2 2007. The article states that the New Prime Minister Kevin Rudd signed the paperwork to approve the Kyoto Protocol, making good on an election promise to overturn Australia's decade-long opposition to the international global warming pact. He stated that "This is the first official act of the new Australian Government, demonstrating my government's commitment to tackling climate change.” Many people encouraged him by signing the pact, said he is became a leader from a laggard. He also added that his government would do everything in its power to help Australia meet its Kyoto obligations and has set a long-term target of cutting carbon emissions by 60% of 2000 levels by 2050. Today it’s 5th October and the estimate he has made that he will cut on carbon dioxide, how much did he able to do after 3 months. We want our country to be free from all the criticism and pressure of the world’s powers. Global warming is a world’s issue and Australia should not be the only one country which faces this problem. As per the democratic form of our country I have the right to know all the updates on the Kyoto issue. Rudd can be a new climate hero of Australia because he has all the support of the people. References: Climate controversy heats up Australian election. 28th October 2007. Available online http://www.terradaily.com/reports/Climate_controversy_heats_up_Australian_election_999.html. 5th October 2008 Global warming controversy. Wikipedia. Available online. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_warming_controversy. 5th October 2008 Emissions Trading. United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. 2007. Available online http://unfccc.int/kyoto_mechanisms/emissions_trading/items/2731.php. 5th October 2008 Compliance. United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. 2006. Available online. http://unfccc.int/kyoto_mechanisms/compliance/items/2875.php. 5th October 2008 Kyoto Protocol Status of Ratification. United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. 2006 http://unfccc.int/files/essential_background/kyoto_protocol/application/pdf/kpstats.pdf. 5th October 2008 Rudd.K. Ratifying The Kyoto Protocol. 2007. Available online. http://www.alp.org.au/media/1207/mspm030.php. 5th October 2008 Read More