Global Issue-Terrorism - Essay Example

Global Issue-Terrorism Name: Institution: Date: Introduction and Research Background The global market has evolved over the last decade. In the emergence of global issues, the United Nations body was formulated as the international body through which the nations could address international issues of concern that affected the globe at large and created a stability and peace threat to all the nations. At the time, some of the key global issues that the UN body was mandated to dealing with included the issues of peace and stability, and the demilitarization of a majority of the States that had acquired alarming levels of aggression against one another after the Second World War. To a great extent, it was able to avert the potential of a third world war during the cold war period. However, although the traditional global issues continue to influence and demand international attention, new global issues have emerged in the market. One such element is the rise of the international terrorism threat. In this case, terrorism has emerged as a new form of insecurity that has not only impacted on the global tourism industry, but continues to negative impact economies and the social welfare in the respective and affected nations. This paper conducts an analysis research on this phenomenon. In this case, the research paper has its strategic aim in evaluating and critically reviewing the issue of international terrorism in the global market context (Netanyahu, 2001). In particular, the research analysis evaluates the following objectives in the review 1. What is the viable environment that enhances terrorism 2. what are the socio-economic impacts of terrorism on global nations 3. How can the global nations eliminate and curb the rising international terrorism threat. Environment Suitable for Breeding Terrorism In this analysis, the research paper evaluated the environment through which terrorism is likely to occur. In this case, the research paper avoided the analysis and the question of the causes of terrorism. Thus, by evaluating the causes of terrorism, it could lead to the assertion that in some circumstances, and with the listed causes, terrorism could be allowed and justified. However, under no circumstances can terrorism and terrorist activities be acknowledged. One of the key areas in which the threat of terrorism emerges is in areas with religion diversity. In this case, traditionally, the religion doctrines taught, especially to the Muslim and the Christian religions were based on stereotypes. In this case, each of the religions perceives itself as superior, while perceiving the others as inferior. In this regard, the rise of religious intolerance has led to the rise of terrorism activities, targeting specific religion groups in the nations. This can be illustrated through the Iraq case study. In this case, the Iraq nation has both the Shia and the Sunni Muslims groups. Although both are Muslim base religions, they have a number of diversities and differences amongst themselves. In this case, each of the Muslim sections perceives itself as right and justified. Consequently, this led to religion animosity between the different Muslim groups in Iraq, resulting to the acts of terrorism. This was often characterized by the use of suicide bombs and grenades, often attacking the mosques and other places of worship across the nation (Shazad, 2011). The above illustration indicates that the lack of religious tolerance, between religions groups, whether under the same religion or not creates a suitable breeding ground for the rise of terrorism activities. The second key environment in which terrorism activities thrive in unstable political environment. In this case, in the event that there is a political power vacuum, there is the tendency to lose the rule of the law in such markets. As such, the nations face a power vacuum that the guerilla warfare seeks to feel respectively. In this case, the lawless State of events creates an ample base through which the terrorist groups can recruit and gain political domestic support. One such instance is the Al-Qaida terrorist organisation in Afghanistan. In this case, the organization emerged at a time when he Afghan nation was facing political instability. As such, this related an opportunity through which the Al-Qaida group could recruit its members internally. Moreover, it created an environment for smuggling ammunitions into the nation to the Al-Qaida militants (Gerges, 2011). This illustration could be further evidenced by the Somalia case study in the Horn of Africa, in the east African region. In this case, since the fall of Saidi Bare leadership in the early 1990s, the nations lasted for over 20 years without a formal government. In this case, the Stateless and lack of government situation created an opportunity for illegal trade in the nation. In this case, there arose the Alshabab militants, now recognized as an international terrorist organisation. In this case, the terrorist organisation held the key resources of the nation including the Mogadishu and Kismayu port and airports respectively. With the control of these facilities the militants often conducted illegal trade in the exchange of charcoal for ammunitions. Moreover, they mutated to piracy, where they could capture and seize ships in the Indian Ocean and consequently demand for ransom compensations as a fee for the release of such Ships (Weldemichael, Schneider & Winner, 2015). In this case, the above reviews indicate that political instability and the lack of formal government structures create an ample environment for the emergence of terrorist organisations globally. The third key environment supporting the rise and emergence of terrorist organisations is where there exist perceived injustices. In this case the injustice is could either be real and existing, or just the stereotypes of created perceptions. In this case, when a society and a section of the members perceive the existing systems as unjust to them, there exist the high risks of the emergence of terrorist organisations. This could be illustrated through the ISIL case study. In this case, the ISIL emerged as a revolt against the American occupation in the Iraq nation, after overthrowing Saddam Hussein. In this case, the ISIL group emerged based on the ideology and perception that the Americans were unfairly targeting the Muslim community. Its operations further emerged with the Syrian crisis. In this case, when the opposition emerged to counter the perceived Syrian government injustices to the nation, the ISIL group found a new lease of life. The above reviews indicate that there are three main potential environments that could led to the emergence of terrorist organsiation. They include religious intolerance, lack of functional governments and political instability, as well as perceived social injustices respectively. Socio-Economic Impacts of Terrorism There are a number of socio-economic impacts of terrorism. One of the key challenges is its impact on the tourism industry globally. In this case, the tourism industry is highly dependent on the security and the safety of the respective nations. Hence, if a nation is perceived as increasingly insecure e to terrorism activities, there is a tendency for declining tourism industry incomes. In the developing nations in Africa and Asia, the tourism industry plays a critical role in the overall GDP value in such nations, Hence, a decline in the tourism industry earnings often result to huge negative impacts on the budgetary allocations and well as the living standards. For instance, such countries rely on the tourism industry to create employment opportunities in the hotel industry. Some of the most affected nation’s scenario could be illustrated through the Egypt and India attacks. In this case, after the 1997 Egypt terrorist attacks, there was a sharp decline in the national foreign earnings in the subsequent 1998 and 1999 financial years. As a result, in 1999, the Egyptian government embarked on a strategic campaign to rebrand Egypt and increase tourism into the country. Moreover, the 2008 Mumbai attacks led to a sharp decline in the tourism earnings in India between 2008 to 2010. The above two examples serve as strategic illustrations of the economic impacts of such terrorism attacks (Mann, 2015). Besides the economic impacts, there are a number of social impacts. This is especially related to the psychological and physical wellbeing of the victim. For instance, in the 2015 Paris terrorism attack, there were over 200 casualties, both dead and injured (BBC News, 2015). In this case, for the injured victims, this implies that some of them will be disabled and unable to perform their normal daily routines as they used to. Moreover, for the dead, there is the psychological torture and suffering caused to the families. In this case, the above review illustrate that terrorism has the social impact of breaking family ties and relationships, as well as leading to declining living standards in the market. Recommendations and Conclusion The research study established that with the high number of potential environments for breeding terrorist organisations, and the huge economic and socio impacts, there is need for the development of intervention measures. One of the recommendations that this research offers is the formation of a special UN agency dealing with terrorism threats. Over the years, the body has formed many agencies dealing with refuges, the UNHCR, health, WHO, trade WTO, among others. As such, with the rising need to avert terrorism, the body should form an agency mandated with dealing with terrorist threats. In this case, the agency should work in collaboration with affected nations such as In Asia to fight the ISIS and East Africa to fight the Alshabab as well as Western Africa to fight off the Boko Haram among other emerging terrorist groups. Moreover, it should develop a system of financially and technically supporting such counter-terrorism measures globally. Finally, the agency should create a global coordination strategy and policy through which international terrorist suspects are treated and handed over to the relevant authorities. This should include strategies pan of dealing with nations and governments perceived as supporting any form of terrorist organisations. In addition, the research paper recommends that the global nations, through the UN and other regional bodies should support peace process initiatives. In this case, the global nations should be at the fore front in ensuring that there exist formal political governments and stable political situations across the globe. In particular, this report recommends the intervention of the International community to resolve the Syria crisis as well as the challenges facing the South Sudan nation in Africa. Through such political interventions the global nations will essentially eliminate the risk and threat of creating a suitable environment of lawlessness and political instability, which has been outlined as a means of supporting and facilitating terrorism organsiations emergence and growth. Hence, the research concludes that although the international terrorism threat has emerged as a major global challenge, proper global political structures can help avert the challenge into the future. References Netanyahu, B. (2001). Fighting terrorism: How democracies can defeat the international terrorist network. New York : Farrar, Straus and Giroux Gerges, F. A. (2011). The rise and fall of Al-Qaeda. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Weldemichael, A. T., Schneider, P., & Winner, A. C. (2015). Maritime terrorism and piracy in the Indian Ocean Region. Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, UK : New York, NY, USA : Routledge, 2015. Mann, T. (2015). The Oxford guide to library research. Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press BBC News, (2015). Paris attacks: What happened on the night. Retrieved From < http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-34818994> Shazad, S. S. (2011). Inside Al-Qaeda and the Taliban: Beyond 9/11. South Yarra, Vic: Palgrave Macmillan. Read More

The second key environment in which terrorism activities thrive in unstable political environment. In this case, in the event that there is a political power vacuum, there is the tendency to lose the rule of the law in such markets. As such, the nations face a power vacuum that the guerilla warfare seeks to feel respectively. In this case, the lawless State of events creates an ample base through which the terrorist groups can recruit and gain political domestic support. One such instance is the Al-Qaida terrorist organisation in Afghanistan.

In this case, the organization emerged at a time when he Afghan nation was facing political instability. As such, this related an opportunity through which the Al-Qaida group could recruit its members internally. Moreover, it created an environment for smuggling ammunitions into the nation to the Al-Qaida militants (Gerges, 2011). This illustration could be further evidenced by the Somalia case study in the Horn of Africa, in the east African region. In this case, since the fall of Saidi Bare leadership in the early 1990s, the nations lasted for over 20 years without a formal government.

In this case, the Stateless and lack of government situation created an opportunity for illegal trade in the nation. In this case, there arose the Alshabab militants, now recognized as an international terrorist organisation. In this case, the terrorist organisation held the key resources of the nation including the Mogadishu and Kismayu port and airports respectively. With the control of these facilities the militants often conducted illegal trade in the exchange of charcoal for ammunitions.

Moreover, they mutated to piracy, where they could capture and seize ships in the Indian Ocean and consequently demand for ransom compensations as a fee for the release of such Ships (Weldemichael, Schneider & Winner, 2015). In this case, the above reviews indicate that political instability and the lack of formal government structures create an ample environment for the emergence of terrorist organisations globally. The third key environment supporting the rise and emergence of terrorist organisations is where there exist perceived injustices.

In this case the injustice is could either be real and existing, or just the stereotypes of created perceptions. In this case, when a society and a section of the members perceive the existing systems as unjust to them, there exist the high risks of the emergence of terrorist organisations. This could be illustrated through the ISIL case study. In this case, the ISIL emerged as a revolt against the American occupation in the Iraq nation, after overthrowing Saddam Hussein. In this case, the ISIL group emerged based on the ideology and perception that the Americans were unfairly targeting the Muslim community.

Its operations further emerged with the Syrian crisis. In this case, when the opposition emerged to counter the perceived Syrian government injustices to the nation, the ISIL group found a new lease of life. The above reviews indicate that there are three main potential environments that could led to the emergence of terrorist organsiation. They include religious intolerance, lack of functional governments and political instability, as well as perceived social injustices respectively. Socio-Economic Impacts of Terrorism There are a number of socio-economic impacts of terrorism.

One of the key challenges is its impact on the tourism industry globally. In this case, the tourism industry is highly dependent on the security and the safety of the respective nations. Hence, if a nation is perceived as increasingly insecure e to terrorism activities, there is a tendency for declining tourism industry incomes. In the developing nations in Africa and Asia, the tourism industry plays a critical role in the overall GDP value in such nations, Hence, a decline in the tourism industry earnings often result to huge negative impacts on the budgetary allocations and well as the living standards.

Read More