Negative Effects of Tourism - Essay Example

NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF TOURISM Insert Insert Tourism sector in any given country has got its demerits that will in one way, or another affect the people of a particular country and the state of the economy among other factors. Some countries deeply depend on the tourism sector to improve their economy. Nations that have diverse weather conditions are the highest exporters of tourist which happens during extreme weather conditions. To the country they pitch tents in, they take with them effects both positively and negatively (COLIN MICHAEL HALL, Alan A. Lew, 2009). EFFECTS ON NATURAL RESOURCES Water Strain on already scares resources. A country that highly invests on tourism will get a large number of customers who will tour the country for adventure in any given season depending on the weather and the likes of the tourists. Despite having significantly contributed to economic stability in the country, they will also be competing for the limited available resources that would have been shared by the locals to meet their daily demands. Water is one of the essential commodities that will be in high demand if the population in the country will be high and therefore tourism will be infringing the benefits of the locals as far as water is concerned (MASON, Peter, 2008). Energy Another scare resource that the locals might get enough of it if the tourists visit the country is energy. The rate of energy consumed by the country will have to be increased because of the skyrocketing number of people in the country at a particular time. Food will be a significant problem in the country for the country leadership will have strain to double or increase the supply of food to the citizens and the visitors depending on the rate of population increase. Natural habitat areas will also be a problem not only to the locals of that particular country but also to the tourists for it will be scares as compared to the population (MASON, Peter, 2008). Central Florida was affected by tourism that led to the depletion of its natural resources. Soil Soil erosion will also be realized in any densely populated area. Despite the fact that tourism will earn the country a lot of foreign exchanges, the larger population that will be in the country will be causing a lot of soil erosion the state. It erodes the soil that would have been fit for agriculture. In any country that highly banks on agricultural produce will have to suffer the effect of soil erosion caused by large population within the country whereby the good percentage of that population will be from the tourists (MATHIESON, A. Wall, G., 2008). Deforestation Due to increased population rate in the country, the leadership of that particular country will have to find more space for its people. Because the space will be limited, the country will have to cut down the forest to create space for development and also find the materials for construction. It will be causing deforestation in the country by destroying the forest of which it will impact negatively on the climate of the country, which might even have adverse effects of causing drought in the country. Therefore, increased tourism will lead to deforestation (GEOFFREY WALL, Alister Mathieson, 2006). Increased Discharge There will be increased discharge into the sea and waterways. It will be due to the rise in a number of populations in the country. Because of a large population, the drainage systems might be ineffective thus causing discharge into the sea and waterways. Therefore, the sea animals and the plants will be destroyed as a result of those discharges’ into the sea and waterways. Tourism will also increase the pressure on indentured species of animals and plants. Due to a lot of deforestation and discharge of chemicals and sewage into sea and waterways. Animals and plants that harbor in the water as well in the forest will be destroyed, either from the chemicals or lack of appropriate climatic condition that will boost live hood. Increased pollution and waste will immediately be realized due to increased population in the country. It is a result of tourist who tours the country at any given time. Tourism in the country will also lead to loss of biodiversity among the locals in a particular country (MASON, Peter, 2008). ECONOMIC EFFECTS Successful tourism depends on putting an important infrastructure such as hotels, roads, visitor’s centers. The cost, usually, relies on government and it has to be financed out of revenues from the tax. Employment established by tourism is seasonal and not paid well, so travel can increase costs for local property and prices for services and goods (MATHIESON, A. Wall, G., 2008). South Africa became the leading destination for tourism and as such has had to dig deeper into their pockets in order to accommodate. IMPORT LEAKAGE This, usually, happens when tourists want standard of food, equipment and services which a state cannot provide. In countries that are less-developed, drinks and food are mostly imported, and home products are not to the standard of the hotel’s since it doesn’t have an industry that supplies. Income from expenditure of tourism gets out of the country to finance these imports. EXPORT LEAKAGE Corporations that are multinational foreign businesses that are large have more shares in the leakage of import. Especially in destinations that are poorly developed, they are the ones that have substantial capital to start in construction of visitor’s facilities and infrastructure. Due to the impact of this, export leakage comes when foreign investors who can pay for the hotels and resorts take profits to their country (MATHIESON, A. Wall, G., 2008). ENCLAVE TOURISM Local businesses see chances of earning income from visitors mostly reduced by introduction of inclusive holiday packages. When visitors remain to stay at the same resort that provides all their wants and place where they will finance their expenditure, little opportunity is left to local people for profit from tourism. INFRASTRUCTURE COST The development of tourism costs local government taxpayers a major deal of income. Implementers may want improvement by the government to infrastructure such as roads and airport to give tax beaks and advantages to finance since its activities are costly to the government. State resources on subsidized infrastructure may reduce investment by the government in major places like health and education (MATHIESON, A. Wall, G., 2008). China as a country in preparation to hosting Olympic Games developed infrastructure for the event with a view of tourist attraction endeavor. INCREASE IN PRICES Increasing in demand for primary goods and services from visitors cause price walks that have a negative impact to local people since their income do not rise proportionately. Development by tourism and increase in real estate demand increase cost of building and values of land. In countries that are still developing, this makes residents difficult to meet basic needs in their daily lives (COLIN MICHAEL HALL, Alan A. Lew, 2009). DEPENDENCE OF THE LOCAL COMMUNITY ON TOURISM Economic diversification in the economy is a health sign. If a country relies on a single industry, it can burden this industry and the people who are supposed to perform well. More regions especially countries that are still developing with less power to explore resources have made tourism as means to improve the economy CHARACTER OF JOBS The behavior of the tourism industry being seasonal brings negative impact on the economy for destinations that are heavily relied upon. Seasonal workers face problems such as job insecurity, income with no employment assurance from season to season. Related employment benefits, difficulties in getting training, and inadequate housing and conditions of working (COLIN MICHAEL HALL, Alan A. Lew, 2009). SOCIAL EFFECTS Tourism industry has brought significant negative impact on the social life of the residents. It has eroded the enriched culture of the host country. If embraced it acts as another source of tourist attraction thus it has reduced sources of tourist attraction of the host country leaving it be told in history for future generations. Africa as a continent has been affected deeply by westernization. They have adopted western culture because of tourism. Tourism has led to infringement of human rights with residents being moved from their places of lands to create new hotels. Tourism industry has also led to drug abuse and alcohol problems. I t has also increased prostitution that has led to abortion that may be a taboo to the host country and levels of crime has also increased from time to time (ADY MILMAN, Abraham Pizam, 1988). LIST OF REFERENCES ADY MILMAN, Abraham Pizam. 1988. Social impacts of tourism on central florida. Annals of Tourism Research. 15(2), pp.191–204. COLIN MICHAEL HALL, Alan A. Lew. 2009. Understanding and Managing Tourism Impacts. New York: Routledge. GEOFFREY WALL, Alister Mathieson. 2006. Tourism: Change, Impacts, and Opportunities. New York: Pearson Prentice Hall. MASON, Peter. 2008. Tourism Impacts, Planning and Management. New York: Taylor & Francis. MATHIESON, A. Wall, G. 2008. Tourism, economic, physical and social impacts. physical and social impacts. 3(1), p.pp.1982 pp.208. Read More