Poster Assignment - Case Study Example

Institution : xxxxxxxxxxx Title : xxxxxxxxxxx Tutor : xxxxxxxxxxx Course : xxxxxxxxxxx @2013 435132 РОSTЕR АSSIGNMЕNT Introduction The aim of this poster is to analyze and evaluate critically the United Kingdom National Risk register of civil emergencies (NRR) which a document meant to be used by individuals as well as organization that may aims at adequate preparing for emergencies (The cabinet office, 2013, 2). So as to well equip the reader with maximum knowledge about civil emergencies the document analysis different emergencies that is likely to be faced by UK citizens over the period of the five years only. The document which was published in 2008 has identified the different civil emergency using the thresholds provided for in the Civil Contingencies Act 2004 which clearly spells how the emergency risks are identified as well as being verified and calculated. Further, the document provides characteristics and the historical frequencies that the civil emergences have happened hence making it possible for one to predict the likelihood of experiencing the same emergency risk in the future. In this regard, the poster intends to anlyse and evaluates the effectiveness of the document in achievemt of its goal and objective of making the readers be adequately prepared for the emergencies. (The cabinet office, 2013, 2) Summary The documents start by giving an overview of the most priority emergency risks which are most dominant in United Kingdom. According, to the civil contingency act 2004 civil emergency entails any event or any situation that acts as a serious threat to the human life, health, animal health as well as environmental health hence causing human death, property damage and destruction as well as environmental destruction and damage. In this regard, in accordance with the acts threshold for a situation or an event to qualify to be an emergency at must have caused fatal destructions and harm of a certain magnitudes the last time it happened. Most of the most fatal emergencies which have ever been experience in United Kingdom as identified by NRA under the guidance of the acts include the pandemic influenza, severe effusive (gas-rich) volcanic eruptions, coastal flooding, as well as catastrophic terrorist attacks. The above civil emergencies impacts seriously on human life as well as the environment surrounding them. In UK for instance, they interfere and disrupt the economic activities, social life of individuals as well as disrupting supply chain of food, money and many others (The cabinet office, 2013, 6). Pandemic influenza for instance is a phenomenon which is always recurrent in United Kingdom having been experiences thrice in the entire 20th century. The most recent one has been the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic. The highly mutating influenza virus makes it impossible for one to secure an accurate vaccination for the infection hence very few people are immune of the disease. The situations worsens by the fact that the pandemic disease is air borne hence making easily spread from one person to another in a short period of time. In this regard the pandemic poses a serious threat to the global health and particularly the UK citizens. For instance according to NRA the 1918-19 influenza commonly referred to as the Spanish flu claimed 228,000 lives in UK only while it claimed around 20-40 million lives worldwide (The cabinet office, 2013, 7). Another priority risk emergency which is recorded by NRA and NRR is the coastal flooding. This is an implausible and fatal emergence when it happens. An example of this emergency as according to NRA happened in 1953 consequently leading to formally declaration of national emergency in UK. Additionally, a mild flood of this nature happened in 2007 although it caused minimal damage in comparison with that of 1953. It was said to be caused by combination of several factors including high tides, a major tidal surge as well as onshore strong gale force. Although the likelihood of repetition of such a fatal emerge is highly reduces by the immense investments done in coastal flood defense, the emergence is most likely predicted to be even more fatal than 1953 since human settlement has accelerated in the east coast given the improvement in infrastructure. Catastrophic terrorist attacks are also another civil emergency which fits the threshold of an emergency stipulated in the Civil Contingency Act 2004. Statistics shows that although mega terrorist attacks are unlikely to occur they cannot be completely ruled out as 9 out of 10 attacks manifested as observed by the NRA. Indeed, it was observed that chances are usually very low for terrorists to obtain extremely fatal biological agent or even a nuclear device with capability of causing attacks of high magnitude. Although the chances are negligible such an attack is extremely threatening as it has the capacity to cause a lot of harm and damage of properties as well as the environment and therefore people involved should be extremely cautious. This therefore calls for a state to be extremely vigilant and prepared for such a civil emergency (The cabinet office, 2013, 9). Additionally, severe wildfire is also counted as a civil emergency given the limits provided for in the act. According to NRA wild fire entails unplanned as well as uncontrolled which is usually dominant in the natural environment? Such a disaster poses a lot of harm to biodiversity including forests, moorland and the general wild life. This severely affects the economy of a state including negatively impacting on tourism and many other sectors. Wildfire becomes severe when they happen in places near urban areas as argued by NRA. Although this is right, wild fires severity is determined the kind of harm it causes. For instance a wildfire that happens in areas near human settlement as it has the potential to cause disastrous damage and harm including death of human being as well. Critical review The National Risk Register of Civil Emergencies (NRR) is a document which is meant to be used by individuals as well as groups who would wish to b well and adequately prepared for emergencies. As such the aim of this document which was produced in 2008 is to equip individuals as well as groups with the best mechanisms that enhance their emergency preparedness skills. To achieve its goal o enhancing the level of preparedness among the people of United Kingdom the documents provides information of various civil emergencies that are likely to be seen by people in United Kingdom over the next five years. Using the threshold set out by the Act of 2004 the document is able to cite different civil emergencies that are of top priority in the region. Following the goal of this document the target audience expects to understand the importance of emergency preparedness, and at the same time get equipped with different mechanism that one can adopt in case of a particular emergency. One expects to understand the duties or responsibilities that one should assume during emergencies. Indeed, the reader expects it document to a guide of what ought to be done during emergencies to as to reduce the extent of harm or even prevent the harm from occurring. As a document from a panel of researches it is highly expected that the document uses evidence based scientific knowledge achieve its goals. The document starts by giving an overview of the top priority emergencies in United Kingdom as well expressing their magnitude through closely following their historical harm they have been causing all through. The document also gives the likelihood of the repetition of the same emergency situations hence facilitating the comprehension of the need to be prepared. As such the document was partially successful in its efforts of creating a desirable level of preparedness among the target audience by developing the insight needed for a person to start appreciating the need for emergency preparedness. Examples of emergencies discussed in the document such the influenza pandemic, coastal flooding, wildfires, as well as the terrorist attack emergency helps the audience visualizes the magnitude of harm they are exposed. In this regard the audience will appreciate and acknowledge the importance emergency preparedness and also strive to improve it even more. Despite the partial achievement of its goals, the document has not managed to fully achieve its goals. For instance the document seams to give general solutions/ to the civil emergencies cited. Further the solutions seem to be understood as the responsibility of the state government rather than expressing varying approaches to handle the emergencies and then leave the reader to choose the best and the most appropriate between them. This is because the government seems to be offering most of the solutions to the emergencies. For instance, in the influenza pandemic, government is given the sole responsibility of handling the emergency where it is seen to take a central role in collaborating with the international community and also maintaining a large stock of vaccines. In the real sense this not even equally adequate as the government should instead be getting various recommendation of what it can do in order to efficiently handle the civil emergencies. Additionally, the information given by the document seems inaccurate and inconsistent. First, the document hints that the influenza virus is always in mutation and as such no one can accurately predict kind of influenza epidemic that is likely to occur including H1N1 influenza or even H5N1 influenza or even a completely different influenza pandemic. Secondly, the information contradicts with the fact that the government is planning to secure sufficient antiviral drugs that can possible serve 50% of United Kingdom (The cabinet office, 2013, 9). This information is a contradictory of the previous information hence tempting one to question its credibility and accuracy. By the definition of emergency preparedness refers to the mechanisms that can be employed to reduce the extent and magnitude of harm immediately after the occurrence of the emergency (U S Congress, Congress (U.S.). 2010, p 36). Is it not inaccurate for NRA to claim that the first vaccine can only be manufactured after a minimum of four months following occurrence of the influenza pandemic? How does this approach help minimize the level of harm after the occurrence of the emergency. Further it is completely misleading for the for the authors of NRA to assume that it is rare for terrorists to obtain sophisticated biological and nuclear weapons in such an era and age where terrorism and manufacturing of firearms as well as nuclear weapons has seriously accelerated compared to the last decades. moreover the current version is being supported and perpetuated by some global state government and as such they nuclear and biological weapons can be easily be acquired. Analyzing this one would question the accuracy of this document and arrive at the conclusion that this particulate information. Conclusion Following its goal and objectives the document is insufficient in achievement of its mission and therefore it was irrelevant. First it gave inconsistent information therefore contradicting and misguiding the audience. Additionally the authors never articulated the mechanisms that the target audience need to adopt in an effort to acquire high level of emergency preparedness. It only concentrated the government level of preparedness which was equally not convincing. Similarly, the document did not use scientific evidence but rather used opinions which are actually inaccurate as seen in the paper. In this regard the documents and its finding had no beneficial impacts on the reader as it was supposed to be as self sufficient piece of knowledge that did not require the reader to search for information about emergency preparedness in other source. References The cabinet office, 2013, The National Register of Civil Emergencies. Retrieved on 12 December 2013 from www.offjcial-documents.gov.uk. U S Congress, Congress (U.S.). 2010. Congressional Record, V. 153, PT. 10, May 22. 2007 to June 5, 2007. Government Printing Office Read More

Another priority risk emergency which is recorded by NRA and NRR is the coastal flooding. This is an implausible and fatal emergence when it happens. An example of this emergency as according to NRA happened in 1953 consequently leading to formally declaration of national emergency in UK. Additionally, a mild flood of this nature happened in 2007 although it caused minimal damage in comparison with that of 1953. It was said to be caused by combination of several factors including high tides, a major tidal surge as well as onshore strong gale force.

Although the likelihood of repetition of such a fatal emerge is highly reduces by the immense investments done in coastal flood defense, the emergence is most likely predicted to be even more fatal than 1953 since human settlement has accelerated in the east coast given the improvement in infrastructure. Catastrophic terrorist attacks are also another civil emergency which fits the threshold of an emergency stipulated in the Civil Contingency Act 2004. Statistics shows that although mega terrorist attacks are unlikely to occur they cannot be completely ruled out as 9 out of 10 attacks manifested as observed by the NRA.

Indeed, it was observed that chances are usually very low for terrorists to obtain extremely fatal biological agent or even a nuclear device with capability of causing attacks of high magnitude. Although the chances are negligible such an attack is extremely threatening as it has the capacity to cause a lot of harm and damage of properties as well as the environment and therefore people involved should be extremely cautious. This therefore calls for a state to be extremely vigilant and prepared for such a civil emergency (The cabinet office, 2013, 9).

Additionally, severe wildfire is also counted as a civil emergency given the limits provided for in the act. According to NRA wild fire entails unplanned as well as uncontrolled which is usually dominant in the natural environment? Such a disaster poses a lot of harm to biodiversity including forests, moorland and the general wild life. This severely affects the economy of a state including negatively impacting on tourism and many other sectors. Wildfire becomes severe when they happen in places near urban areas as argued by NRA.

Although this is right, wild fires severity is determined the kind of harm it causes. For instance a wildfire that happens in areas near human settlement as it has the potential to cause disastrous damage and harm including death of human being as well. Critical review The National Risk Register of Civil Emergencies (NRR) is a document which is meant to be used by individuals as well as groups who would wish to b well and adequately prepared for emergencies. As such the aim of this document which was produced in 2008 is to equip individuals as well as groups with the best mechanisms that enhance their emergency preparedness skills.

To achieve its goal o enhancing the level of preparedness among the people of United Kingdom the documents provides information of various civil emergencies that are likely to be seen by people in United Kingdom over the next five years. Using the threshold set out by the Act of 2004 the document is able to cite different civil emergencies that are of top priority in the region. Following the goal of this document the target audience expects to understand the importance of emergency preparedness, and at the same time get equipped with different mechanism that one can adopt in case of a particular emergency.

One expects to understand the duties or responsibilities that one should assume during emergencies. Indeed, the reader expects it document to a guide of what ought to be done during emergencies to as to reduce the extent of harm or even prevent the harm from occurring. As a document from a panel of researches it is highly expected that the document uses evidence based scientific knowledge achieve its goals. The document starts by giving an overview of the top priority emergencies in United Kingdom as well expressing their magnitude through closely following their historical harm they have been causing all through.

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