Seeking Qualitative Rigor in Inductive Research - Assignment Example

Assignment Questions al Affiliation Assignment Questions Introduction A researcher is at liberty to choose appropriate models that will enhance his or her research. Various study models may be effective while conducting his work; the phenomenological study entails a life experience while case study may combine various approaches in its presentation. At some point, the researcher may utilize all the study models to perform his research. The essay will focus on models that will enhance a successful research. Describe the components of a phenomenological study Phenomenological study entails examining a common occurrence within a specified group of people. The common element creates a study of interest to research seeking to ascertain a given phenomenal. A common experience by the selected group would lay basis of any phenomenological study (Englander, 2012). It is important to eliminate personal assumption while using phonological study as a model of the research. Bracketing according to Chan et al. (2013) is the preferred concept while collecting and analyzing data using the phenomenological study model. An example of phenomenological study model would be to establish the nature in which students using English as a second language interact with lecturers and other educators. In this scenario, the experiences of these students will be based on their personal accounts and not basic assumption. The concept of the phenomenological study is to record experiences by a given group of people and establish a recurring phenomenon among the study group (Chan et al., 2013). What are the procedures and challenges the researcher faces when conducting a phenomenological study? Researchers using this model may experience bracketing complication in the collection and the analytical aspect of the research (Chan et al., 2013). Tufford and Newman (2011) indicate the lack of a discovery process, which is essential in collecting, and presentation of data that is not based on personal ideologies. The essence of bracketing in this form of research is to ensure data collected is reliable and can be used while outlining a research finding and analysis. The initial procedure of a phenomenological study would be to establish the subject matter and the topic to be researched, upon which a methodology would be drafted based on the initial stage (Smith, 2011). The method of data collection is essential while carrying out this form of research (Paxton, 2012). The research may affect the quality of data being collected (Fink, 2012). These procedural challenges may compromise the result of any research and models need to be a design to ensure a successful research. How might you work to overcome those challenges? Overcoming these challenges entails an individual realizing what form of data is sufficient arranging them according to the aim outlined in the topic of research. The authenticity of the data would be defined by the minimal involvement of researchers opinion. it will entail the researcher drawing a line between personal philosophies and the actual occurrence of a given phenomenon. This will be effective if a researcher deploys proper bracketing skills (Fink, 2012). For instance, the researcher may be using English as his second language thus may assume whatever he or she experiences may be a general representation of the entire target group. The researcher needs to acknowledge the fact that personal experiences do not count while using this model of research and measures needs to be undertaken to ensure the data collected is not compromised. The data quality is what will determine the success of any research hence special attention required. Describe the components of a case study. Case study entails specific event leading to a particular phenomenon. In this case, the concept may be influenced by a given part or group of people. The model goes not consider similarities but rather looks into the event itself (Tsang, 2013). The case study is structured to allow future justifications and reference while conducting similar case studies. The components of this models include models of research, models of data collection and nature of interpretation. An example of a case study would be based on the growth and establishment of a given company. Time is a factor while developing a case study. Other companies may refer to the success of this company through the case study to ensure their success. Sources of information using this model may vary; it may include empirical data, interviews and information from a company or a given institution. The model is not limited to common experiences, but few people may be sampled out, and information used to create a case. What are the procedures and challenges the researcher faces when conducting a case study? The model has its limitation. Case studies are meant to create room for different parties to interpret and analyze it; this may result to ambiguity and varied opinion on the outcome of a given case study. The major problem, of the model, lies on the analytical aspect of the study (Verschuren, 2013). The procedures involved in this case includes, designing a phenomenal to be studied, which will entail an individual designing a study question. A model is designed, and gathered information analyzed depending on the type of the case. The analytical aspect of the research may prove to be challenging to researchers. For instance after design a case study about the performance of a given company, it is up to different parties to analyze the data. The researcher may portray a different analytical view different from those by target groups. The target group may be the companys executives, rival companies or the public. How might you work to overcome those challenges? A researcher needs to design a case based on the subject matter. After the design, sources of information would depend on the type of the case study. After the completion of the case study, a research needs to offer his opinion on the possible solution. The target groups would draw a conclusion based on information and analysis by the researchers. The sources of data should be available at the time of the research to ensure a successful case study. The researcher should deploy models that would make the case study speculative and easy to interpret. Different types of a case study require type data. While analyzing this data, the conclusion needs to be defined based on other case studies or empirical evident developed by the researcher. An executive from a different firm may use data from the case study to enable him create counter- tactics to ensure future successes. A researcher needs to identify time as a vital tool in designing case studies. How might the researcher conduct his or her research? The researcher may first examine the accounts of 2008 and use recorded evident to set up his research. The research question would be on the impact of the murder to parent, student and the entire facility. Data would be sourced from the facilitys archive; this will provide him with data of previous murder cases at the facility. The focus will be to determine how previous victims and the facility dealt with a similar occurrence. Data about students and parents will be gathered through behavior observations in an effort of determining the effect of the occurrence. The final data collection model would be to interviews individuals in order to gather personal experiences by members of the school. The researcher would focus on retrieving data from 2008 and the current event in order to make a comparison on what triggered search a phenomenon. After determining the cause, the researcher would recommend methods to be deployed to prevent future recurrence of the same and improve the parents and students confidence on the school. What type of design would be most appropriate? The inmost appropriate approach would be a mixed approach. The models of collecting data would be both by interviews and historical data. The ethnographic approach would be used to establish previous relationship among students and the parents. The approach will also be utilized to determine the changes in interaction between members of the same group, which in this case is the Northern Illinois University. Phenomenological study would be utilized to determine personal experiences of the affected parties (Gioia, 2013). A common sequence will be established, which will be effective in determining the effect the murder would have to the schools fraternity. The mixed approach design would ensure a wide range of data sources and diverse models that will positively affect the results of the research (Klassen et al., 2012). The researcher would retrieve data from different sources hence making it difficult to choose a single approach while conducting the research. Why? The reasons as to why the research would focus on utilizing a mixed approach would be based on the methodology and analytical stage of the research. Sourcing information from the students and parents would require personal observations and interviews. The concept makes it impossible to single out one model as the preferred approach (Tashakkori, & Creswell, 2012). The Phenomenological and case study approach would be utilized in analyzing the given phenomena. This phenomenon would design the leading question towards achieving a certain result. The analytical aspect would entail focusing on the available data and interpreting it based on knowledge acquired from previous case studies and the current events. The mixed approach would be effective in the Northern Illinois University scenario. The interpretation of the research would be both done by the researchers perspective while allowing other parties use the research for further references (Tsang, 2014). The two similar events at the same location would lay basis of the analysis and recommendation concept of the model. Conclusion A researcher may use quantitative and qualitative approaches while carrying out his research. Different aspects of the research would dictate the nature in which a researcher chooses an approach (Johnson & Onwuegbuzie, 2011). The researcher may also have the option of using a mixed approach in an event where a single approach may be ineffective in data collection (Golafshani, 2013). The major concerns of the researchers would be on the nature of data representation. The most appropriate approach hereby would a mixed approach where all aspects would be combined, and research carried out with a diverse point of view provided. Reference Chan, C.Y., Fung, Y. & Chien, W. (2013).Bracketing in Phenomenology: Only Undertaken in the Data Collection and Analysis Process? The Qualitative Report, 18(59), 1-9 Englander, M. (2012).The Interview: Data Collection in Descriptive Phenomenological Human Scientific Research. Journal of Phenomenological Psychology 43 , 13–35 Fink, A. (2012).The Role of the Researcher in the Qualitative Research Process. A Potential Barrier to Archiving Qualitative Data, Qualitative forum research, 1(3), 4-7 Gioia, D., Corley, K., & Hamilton, A.L. (2013).Seeking Qualitative Rigor in Inductive Research. Organizational Research Methods, 16(1), 15-31 Golafshani, N. (2013). Understanding reliability and validity in qualitative research. The Qualitative Report, 8(4), 597–607 Johnson, R.B & Onwuegbuzie, A.J. (2011).Mixed Methods Research: A Research Paradigm Whose Time Has Come. Educational Researcher, 33(7), 14-26 Klassen, A., Creswell, J., Clark, P., Smith, K.C., & Meissner, H. (2012). Best practices in mixed methods for quality of life research, Quality of Life Research, 21(3), 377-380 Paxton, M. (2012). Student voice as a methodological issue in academic literacies research. High Education Research and Development, 31(3), 381-391 Smith, J. (2011). Evaluating the contribution of interpretative phenomenological analysis. Health Psychology Review, 5 (1), 9-27 Tashakkori, A., & Creswell, J. W. (2012). The new era of mixed methods. Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 1(1), 3-7. Tsang, E. (2013). Case study methodology: causal explanation, contextualization, and theorizing. Journal of International management, 19 (2), 195- 202 Tsang, E. (2014). Case studies and generalization in information systems research: A critical realist perspective. The Journal of Strategic Information system, 23(2), 174-186 Tufford, L. & Newman, p. (2011)Bracketing in Quantitative research. Quantitative social work, 11(1), 80-96 Verschuren, P. (2013). Case Study as a Research Strategy: Some Ambiguities and Opportunities. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 6 (2), 121-139 Read More