The Impact of Significant Life Events on Individuals - Coursework Example

St. Patrick’s college London Supporting Significant Life Events Anett Kun no: P1008289 Group: 9 Lecturer: Meg Kapadia Introduction This report candidly and exclusively outlines the various events that significantly affect human life. It also evaluates different ways in which events could affect human both negatively and positively. 1.1 Explain the impact of significant life events on individuals Wheaton and Gotlib, 1997 perceives life events as events that significantly affect human life and affects their social, economic, and political interactions. The events occur in different dimensions bringing in negative effects such as depressions and illness. Important life events include: 1. Events that either close or open opportunities 2. Events that change a persons self-concept, philosophies and anticipations 3. Events that make an enduring alteration on the individuals situation Elucidation of the physical, psychological and social impact of demise on individuals, physical impact of bereavement on individuals are chronic physical complaints deals with the supposition that patients with medical unanticipated physical signs over a lifespan have disorders affecting the deficiency in their day-to-day activities. Physical symptoms are common in downheartedness which is pain; an imperative component of melancholy. Apparently, it includes chronic join pains, insomnia, back pain fatigue, and psychomotor activity changes. Diagnosis of an individual is challenging since it entails both physical and emotional PTSD (posttraumatic stress disorder). This PTSD has symptoms that are open to stressful life event and set significant distress to human functioning. It can could be link back to the case study of Mrs Jarred Klein about physical health. Her loneliness and pain from the memory of her late husband generated sleep disturbance. However, physiology of grief response on people losing their loved one which is seen has greatest stress in individual life. Statistics shows that transience for surviving spouse or parent in early months of bereavement is quite distressing and associated with lots of qualms. In the early months of bereavement, sleep disturbance is seen as feature of convoluted grief. Physiology grief also entails three important aspects (Wilson & Keane, 2004); The mind-body connection, emotional trigger, and acute stress reactions. 1.2 Analyse possible group responses to significant life events that occur to one of its members The possible group response to substantial life events that occur to one member is family, society, community and organisation. The social impact of bereavement is significant on family members and close relatives thus making bereaved individual appear that they lack compassion. The impact of social backing is to reduce negative effect of bereavement on individuals. Sexual abuse: Bruising/bleeding near genital area Pain/burning in the genital area vaginal discharge or infection stomach pains sexually transmitted disease Exaggerated sexual knowledge sexual drawings or language The possible response that could be given to a group through significant event is to spend more time with the person who has been bereaved. They require someone to be close to them to support them socially, physically, emotionally, and psychologically. Good communication can invite them for shopping or yoga class to may them come out of their shell. In addition, a group of bereaved individuals require supportive responses to give them much time to grief over their lost one because is not easy to come out of their shockwave nippily. 1.3 Analyse the impact for others in health and social care when an individual experiences significant life events In analysing the impact of other in health and social care that have been affected by the significant life event in both client and patient life. The nurses The carers The social worker Manager of care home Nurses are seen as friends to their client due to the close nurse-patient relationship that the profession impacts on nurses. In many cases death of client does affect the nurse on chronic grief both on their ability to give quality care to their client and their personal life. For instance, frustration gets the best part of nurse compromising their efficiency, and viciousness in service provision. It causes trauma but research has shown how the nurses could cope with their grief from the death of their patient through few days break from work to forget the misfortunes that have transpired (Wilson & Keane, 2004). Also grief at work could cause the nurse unsupportive to other patient basically because there are unsettled grief from the death of a client that the nurse felt closely connected. These are people that look after their loved ones when they know their condition is getting worse, so they start caring for them. Death of the patient leaves the carer with grief when they know they are going to lose the person they caring for and it can be indeed problematic for the carer if the person dies, to think or grief on but to move and look at their bright future ahead. The case of Mrs Jarred could be linked back to this carer help to overwhelm, but the prolonged grief resulting from the death of her husband affects her ability to relocate to her daughter’s house. 2.1 Evaluate the effectiveness of organisational policies and procedures in supporting individuals and their social networks affected by significant life events Assessing the efficiency of organisation’s guidelines and processes in supporting individuals and the corresponding effectiveness of social networks provides them with a worthy credence. Individual with bereaved experienced fanatical, behavioural and physical grief is likely to experience an elongated grief that could complicate things. Moreover, factors that identify the risk of complicated grief shall be elucidated. Social variable are network that upkeep individuals with grief. It could be their families, friends, church and community. There should be no stigmatisation on the bereaved individuals within the community. Additionally, Standards for Bereavement Care 2001 efficiency of directorial policies and procedures in supporting individuals and their social networks affected by significant life events, the following are standards; National standards: These standards are set aside for what the client, staff may expect from bereavement service. This national standard deals with impartiality in government. The integrated method is to deliver bereavement care and also be flexible to move diversity of individuals needs which would provide a range of services around the world Service standards: service standard are produced by individual service and bereavement service are deliberated on how to make the service work in different societies. The services are personalised to the detailed needs of the society and the prevailing social conditions. Competences in bereavement care: individuals that provide care for bereaved are highly trained to develop their skill on caring for bereaved (Ute & Ralf, 2000). Fundamental Principles The following essential principles meet the minimum standard of bereavement service: Discretion: medical information and/or records of bereaved individuals must be protected from unauthorised personnel to ensure privacy and confidence is maintained. Respect: the service must respect the individual grief and their needs. Quality: service should enable good delivery support to bereaved people and the people put in charge of the bereaved people must be skill, knowledgeable and go through a proper training to supervise the bereaved people. Safety: services should have due regard to safety and ethical standards stipulated by the relevant authorities in order to protect bereaved people and their close associates (Miller, 2012). Additionally, the Palliative Care Funding Review 2011 was recommended to government and the first ever patient funding structure for palliative care in England that save NHS £180 million a year. “The review also found that out of 470,000 persons who need mollifying care annually but approximately 92,000 have none at all” this initiative has recommended and implemented I other to better the few hospital death rate by 2021 (Kings College London, 2011). However, the main keys to palliative care are; 1. Create a fair and transparent fund system 2. Deliver a better out for individuals 3. Provide NHS with a better value life (http://www.kcl.ac.uk/newsevents/news/newsrecords/2011) And this case can be linked with Mrs. Jared’s case study whereas there should be a respect of concealment and respect of information that need to be protect also respecting her need by leaving to grief over her husband before they take her out of the house. 2.2 Explain how others in social networks may provide support to individuals experiencing significant life events Nevertheless, social network provide support for friends and colleagues that are affected by bereavement. Bereaved individuals need emotional support. Heath caregivers must be sensitive when handling and communicating with the patients. This may include information about practical arrangements, local support services, supportive conversations with staff, and some instances of recommendation for psychotherapy or more professional support. Individuals living with the bereavement need care such as: 1. Care and support after death are long term basis and some care are giving even before they die 2. Support such as practical are advice 3. Supporting individual bereaved is highly supported 4. In the situation specialist are referred to because of the training and ability to deliver good support to bereavement. In addition, the social network provides external support and provides a mean of helping individuals. These help that social network would render is knee on how to make people with bereaved come out of their nightmare by; 1. Giving support as physical support by taking a body therapy to analyse the effect of the bereavement and formulate effective corrective measures 2. Inviting them for yoga classes so as to feel relax 3. Invite them to church to meet different people 4. Providing them with social care support because individuals need at all times. The aforementioned supports needs to be provided by healthcare givers in conjunction with the government and the entire community. 2.3 Evaluate the suitability of external sources of support for those affected by significant life events Evaluating the suitable support for those affected by the significant life event would consider the specialist, especially nurses and paramedics, within the health sector to provide sensible way of resolving bereavement and way are; 1. Cultural 2. Religious 3. Physical 4. Legal advisor such as advocates 5. Funeral adviser: funeral adviser are in charge of sudden death how to make their client safe and move on. 6. Counselling: counselling can be on spiritual needs on how to deal with their stress at the moment. The counsellor will give the distressed individuals advice on how to successfully overwhelm the negativities associated with bereavement. 7. aromatherapy Furthermore, nurses and paramedics commonly refer the bereaved to centres where their psychological state can effectively be handled. Reason for referral may include: 1. sudden death 2. prolong silence 3. spiritual needs 4. history of lack of stress 5. anxiety 6. history of depress 3.1 Analyse possible organisational responses to the need to support individuals experiencing a significant life event The individual needs as to do with; 1. Respect: respect has to do we the way we relate with our client respectful 2. Offer support: offer support to make people suffering from stress and disorder that these help boost their social life. 3. Confidentiality: In supporting individual experience, we must acknowledge that not all information is shown to the third party by informing their client and asking for authority to share their information. 4. sympathy 5. client 6. informed choice Furthermore the listed method above state how organisational response are been channel to different matter arise regarding bereavement issues (Stroebe et al., 2011). However, other organisational reactions organise how the listed above point would be utilized. 1. The human resource staffs are tools for grief when it strikes any employee (Miller, 2012). 2. The human resources staffs have mutual association with employee of the company in other to see the day-to-day activities and problem in life of their employees. 3. Every individual must be informed about the support made available to them by proactively disseminating information about service to the support work such as the employee, local agencies and health and care services. 4. Psychoanalysis must be made available to the employee in charge of bereavement care (Stroebe et al., 2011). 3.2 Reflect on own personal contributions to the support of individuals experiencing significant life events In 2012, a close friend was engaged in a tragic road accident that left him with several injuries. Remarkably, he was affected psychologically and experienced sleep disturbance, lack of concentration, lack of appetite, and developed a phobia for travelling. It was a tragic scenario that could have worsened were it not for the intervention that I offered in collaboration with the nurses at their home in North Carolina. I felt that it was an inordinate opportunity to swallow my pride and use the little knowledge that I had in health psychology to save the life of a loved one. Noticeably, I offered them advice that significantly reduced the psychological trauma that he was undergoing and helped him regain his normal mental and physical state. The perceived misconceptions that had initially developed due to the misfortune were significantly plummeted. Becoming a Philosophical Physician Cole (2000) exclusively indicate that without effective reflection, learning can occur and before these effective learning could occur, there must be a moment of reflection and time flash back through it and these can be by keeping diary of your reflection. Keeping a Reflective Diary Human have different ways of keeping their reflective diary and these purpose could be; 1. Have a cue to memory 2. Useful information to them are record It can be used: 1. To describe key events in your practice 2. To evaluate key events in your practice 3. To engage in focused evaluation of recurring themes 4. Reflect on what may have become habitual Describe thinking consequence and why, why, what is use to validate some thinking and the diagram below explain more about reflection This diagram explain role of reflection and how is been organised to flash back on (Johann, 2012). There are reflecting on own personal contribution to support individual experiencing significant life event, human have their own belief, value and attitudes that had being 1. Technology 2. Music 3. Culture 4. Education 5. family You can contribute to support individual experience by support and respecting their values and beliefs and these is knee down to family member on their contribution to make Mrs J move on from the death of her husband (Johann, 2012). According to the case study “the children who live out of state were eager to move her from her home because Mrs. J daughter are understandably concern about their mother and want to move her instantaneously. However, moving Mrs Jarred to her daughter’s house will significantly help in plummeting the effects of bereavement. 3.3 Make recommendations for improving the support available in a health and social care organisation for individuals and their social networks when affected by significant life events. Recommendation for improving the support for individuals is that; Service must be active Risk are identify by contact Service are responsive to cultural, age, disability and gender that affect bereavement and it been approach and deal with in a sensitive way. The recommendation for bereavement with support service; Risk assessment tool; Risk assessment to loss and feedback for the case study of Mrs Jarred regarding her loss about are husband must be consider on how to help her come out of her outlandish. Feedback is important as well because there must be communication and feedback to known how she doing by asking if you can bring dinner and by so doing communication is setup and feedback. (Stroebe et al., 2011). A written assessment of needs and action plan/outcome measures agreed with client because client need help on how to overcome their grief (Miller, 2012). Recommendations for Care home Individual care plan Care plan feedback. Need assessment of service users Risk assessment of service users For staff : Skills development for staff Need assessment for staff Training needs assessment of staff. Reinforcements for staff (Ute & Ralf, 2000) Recommendations of supporting individual suffering from Abuse Supporting individual suffering from abuse firstly we must have to know what can of abuse it is and after the abuse is known then the care worker must invite doctor to come check the kind of destruction has been done to the individual and these has been done with the doctor (Clouder, 2000). Thereafter, we invite the police to recode the abuse and investigation would be carrying out to know did the abuse and reason why the abuse was committed. After all is done we must be close to the client to keep them company from time to time to keep them busy and go out for a walk and invite them to social event as well but so doing the suffering would be minimise and gradually people will forget the suffering when they see something that make them happy. Conclusion The above elucidations clearly indicate that significant life event impact on individuals and their social network. Support available for individuals’ experience, and the responses made by social and healthcare facilities to upkeep persons undergoing major life event through the case study of the bereavement of Mrs Jarred can exclusively be understood. References Clouder, L. (2000) Reflective practice in physiotherapy education: A critical conversation. Studies in Higher Education. 25(2):211-223. Cole M (2000) Learning through reflective practice: A professional approach to effective continuing professional development among health care professionals. Research in Post-Compulsory Education. 5(1):23-38. Johann, K. (2012). Personal values, belief and attitudes - Personal values, belief and attitudes. Retrieved from https://sielearning.tafensw.edu.au/MCS/CHCAOD402A/chcaod402a_csw/knowledge/values/values.htm Kings College London . (2011). Major palliative care funding review published. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.kcl.ac.uk/newsevents/news/newsrecords/2011/07July/Major-palliative-care-funding-review-published.aspx Madhukar, H. (2004). The Link Between Depression and Physical Symptoms. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC486942/#!po=5.00000 Miller, J. (2011). Trauma Survivors Network | Complications of Grief. Retrieved from http://www.traumasurvivorsnetwork.org/traumapedias/298 Miller, T. W. (2010). Handbook of stressful transitions across the lifespan. New York: Springer. Stroebe, W., Stroebe, M. S., Hansson, R. O., Schut, H., & American Psychological Association (2001). Handbook of bereavement research: Consequences, coping, and care. Washington, D.C: American Psychological Association. Thomas, B. & Geoffrey, T. (2012). Physiological correlates of bereavement and the impact of bereavement interventions. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3384441/ Ute, S. & Ralf, S. (2000). The role of stressful life events. Freie Universität Berlin Habelschwerdter Allee 45 14195 Berlin Germany. http://userpage.fu-berlin.de/health/materials/lifeevents.pdf Wilson, J. P., & Keane, T. M. (2004). Assessing psychological trauma and PTSD. New York: Guilford Press. Read More