How Alcohol Consumption Affects the Rate of Interpersonal Violence on a Global Scale - Research Paper Example

The Increasing Concern of How Alcohol Consumption Affects the Rate of Interpersonal Violence on a Global Scale According to European Region of World Health Organization (WHO), a significant increase of capital levels of alcohol consumption has recently been experienced in European countries such as England (WHO, 1). Moreover, there are significant disparities in drinking patterns and intensity of interpersonal violence England. Nevertheless, there has been an increase in the number of studies in the field of health and criminal justice, whereby these studies have led to identification of contribution of alcohol consumption to perpetration of violence or becoming a victim of violence in England (Room, Babor and Rehm, 529). Furthermore, In England, there are brief policies, which depict the extent of the problem and delineate of variety of factors that are raising the level of risk associated with problems of alcohol consumption and violence. In case, the paper will focus on discussing the increasing concern of the way alcohol consumption affects the rate of interpersonal violence on Global scale. In a country like Australia, there are agencies making a number of interventions aimed at preventing and reducing the levels of violence related to alcohol consumption, thereby highlighting the fundamental roles of health services. Moreover, challenges associated to alcohol and interpersonal violence is presented, whereby they are continuing issues regarding public health, individual and communities, judicial and other public services. Therefore, the paper will establish a strong stance concerning the concerted and coordination of the actions, which can contribute to decrease of the alcohol consumption and interpersonal violence in the England. There are identifiable challenges associated with consumption of alcohol and interpersonal violence in England, whereby these challenges are faced in the field of public health; thus, leading to a burden on the communities and individuals and the public health service providers (Krug, 34). There are cases of death and disabilities among citizens in European countries, citing reasons of alcohol consumption. In this case, six percent of these cases have been identified in other countries such as Germany and France and twelve percent have been recorded in Eastern Europe. Moreover, interpersonal violence has caused approximately seventy three thousand deaths annually in the European region. In fact, twenty to forty victims involved in interpersonal violence caused by alcohol consumption have acquired health care treatment, while many of them remain untreated or unrecorded. A great discrepancy has been identified concerning the rates of interpersonal violence in the European region. On the other hand, people are living in a condition, which has middle-income earners, where there is a higher likelihood of death caused by interpersonal violence compared to areas with high-income earners (Matthews and Richardson, 260). There are drinking patterns and levels of interpersonal violence that have been occurring regularly such as homicides in England. Nevertheless, there are different cultures that are substantially associated with exacerbation of effects associated with alcohol consumption and increase of individual risk of the perpetrator of the violence and the victim suffering from the violence. Consequences of alcohol related to violence entail physical, mental and sexual injuries for the victims involved, whereby they may undergo emotional trauma or take the burden of care for their family members and friends who have suffered from such incidences. On the other hand, there are cases where people fear crimes that have been associated with the community strain in offering public services. Moreover, there are studies conducted by the emergency departments focusing on the association of levels of alcohol consumption and victims and perpetrators of this violence (Hutchison, 13). In this case, serious incidences of assault have been identified, whereby they are associated with alcohol consumption since it is a determinant of the victims’ survival. For instance, in a case that involves reduction of ability to acquire urgent health care services can decrease perceptions of seriousness of the injuries sustained by victims of this violence (Webb, 187). In numerous counties, issues of violence related to alcohol consumption has been recorded in drinking areas, whereby injuries are caused by objects such as glasses and bottles when they are used as weapons. Nevertheless, the assault cases contribute to sever and permanent facial injury, which is associated with emotional problems such as post-traumatic stress disorder (Magennis, 326). On the other hand, these incidences may be caused by exposure to parental violence, whereby the perpetrator may have undergone episodes of violence during his or her childhood. In fact, this causes a risk factor due to dependence with alcohol and other related problems in life (Caetano and Field, 257). Other cases involving parental alcohol abuse entail mothers and an increase of the risk of violence among the offenders who are young people (Christoffersen and Soothill, 116). Interpersonal relationship among the peers is affected by the alcohol related violence due to increased risk of criminal offending that is identified among those associating with deliquescent friends (Matthews and Richardson, 261). The extent of alcohol related violence depends on the conditional factors such as time of the day and day of the week and the setting in which the consumption of alcohol is occurring. For instance, in England there were cases on alcohol related violence in Wales, which took place in weekend during the evenings or night. Moreover, a third of the overall cases of assault cases took place around a pub and clubs (Budd, 35). Moreover, numerous environmental factors are associated violence, which occur during the nighttime economy. In crowded drinking venues, there are increased chances of unpleasant environment, whereby the place is smoky and noisy. There are competitive games played on these premises, which causes accommodating attitudes towards unsociable and drunkenness. For instance, these conditions promote continuous distribution of intoxicated patrons that are associated with higher risk of experiencing violence associated with alcohol consumption (Graham, Schmidt and Gillis, 557). There are different forms of violence, which have differentiated consequences for the victims involved. For instance, there are cases of alcohol related violence involving intimate partners in the violence leading to separation in family relationships. On the other hand, there are cases of violence witnessed by children, which can lead to development problems caused by use of substance and perpetration of violence in their adulthood (Walby and Allen, 45). Other cases involve abuse of elderly people through extortion of money by their children, which results to financial instability. Moreover, there are criminal sanctions imposed due to violence perpetrated by youth in relation to alcohol consumption. In fact, this reduces their prospectus on career and education, and alcohol related violence becomes a burden to provision of public service. There are efforts made by health and criminal justice agencies aimed at dealing and treating victims involved in interpersonal violence caused by alcohol consumption. However, this leads diversion of resources from health and crime issues due to financial cost involved. Fear of crime discourages visitors to the city due the high preference of alcohol related violence. Therefore, interpersonal violence caused by alcohol consumption has led to a reduction of the quality of life for numerous people. Moreover, this leads to effects of a reduction of cohesion in the community, disruption trade, business and hampering of cultural and social development. Interpersonal violence requires intervention through prenatal and postnatal services that can be offered in order to prevent occurrence of these incidences. There are issues, which have been thoroughly reviewed in relation to the violence caused by consumption of alcohol. Nevertheless, there has been a reduction of intervention effort among population comprising of consumers of alcohol in England (Graham, Schmidt and Gillis, 557). Other efforts relating to increase of alcohol taxation are among the measure taken to reduce alcohol consumption by citizens in England, whereby this can result to a subsequent reduction of interpersonal violence caused by alcohol consumption. In addition, there are situations where people address the risk associated with violence through implementation of interventions. In this case, some of these intervention strategies include modification of drinking settings, improvement of management of drinking areas and reduction of levels of violence. Works Cited Budd T. Alcohol-related assault: findings from the British Crime Survey. London, Home Office, 2003. 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