Communication in Health and Social Care - Assignment Example

Communication in Health and Social Care al Affiliation Executive Summary Drawing from the increased need to have effective health systems, the need for bettering communication in health care is ever calling. Largely, health care communication helps the proper involvement of stakeholders in different levels of management. As such, the practitioner will have first knowledge of both the client and organization expectations. However, such communication is not necessitated if key systems are absent. For that reason, health care communication only becomes relevant if the proper communication strategies are adopted. The incoming report will prove that communication in health and social care initializes all stakeholders expectations. The report is defragmented into three main tasks. Task one, will provide my on-going communication initiative with a health client. Task two will provide an in-depth human resource assessment on the nature of communication in health care management. The last task will provide an ICT background in health care management. Table of Contents Executive Summary 2 Table of Contents 3 Tasks 4 Task 1 Case Study Report 4 1.2 Theories 4 1. 2.1 SKINNER Theory 4 1.2.2 PAVLOV Theory 4 1.3 Clients Values and Culture 5 1.4 Communicating to the Client 5 1.5 Social Care Services 6 1.6 Policies and Systems for good communication 6 1.7 Communication Legislation, Charters and Codes of Conduct impact 7 Task 2 7 2.1 Tracey Son troubled teenager 7 2.2 Issues at Hand 8 2.2.1 Informing her Parents 8 2.2.2 Suicidal Ideation 9 2.3 Developing an Information Strategy 9 2.4Reflection 11 Task 3 ICT health care management 11 3.1 Benefits of ICT in Health Care Management 11 3.3 Absence of good communication skills 15 3.4 Poor delivery of values 16 3.5 ICT legal Consideration 18 4-Conclusion 19 Tasks Task 1 Case Study Report I am dealing with a mental client who has specific communication needs. My intervention is therapeutic communication given that it accepts the client at his or her present level or functioning. I being the practitioner will work with the client whose communication and social interaction skills are limited and whose behaviour seems offensive, unpleasant and bizarre (Beech and Bowler, 2003, p. 32). I am required not to be non-judgemental while assisting the client towards more healthy adaptation and more effective communication. The most important factor influencing the emotional climate of therapeutic communication is the acceptance of the client that includes his needs, strengths, weaknesses, and problems. I will, therefore, use theories and strategies to interact with the client. 1.2 Theories 1. 2.1 SKINNER Theory With respect to the nature of our client, we are going to apply two principle theories, the Pavlov Theory and Skinner Theory of communication. Pavlov (1927) (Pavlov et al., 2008, p. 377) described a system for changing behaviours through linking external stimuli to modify subjects reflexes. As such, the reaction normally produced reflexively in response to a once stimulus that was progressively induced in reaction to another stimulus of these stimuli that were consistently experienced together by the subject. Skinner operant conditioning theory describes systematic rewards for desired behaviours and innovation of undesirable behaviour. 1.2.2 PAVLOV Theory PAVLOV second signal system will be providing the appropriate approach in health care management. The approach will assist the team understanding the client in a much superior way. As such, intrapersonal communication embedded in the theory gathers research adherents and disciplinary recognition. Speech communication, spoken language and human communication continue to redefine itself as an increase specification of exactly what parts of the phenomena of intra-organism and interpersonal communication falls within the disciplinary domain (Gingerich, 2005, p. 128). 1.3 Clients Values and Culture Precisely, the team has to consider the innate values and cultural factors that influence the clients attitudes, communication, personalities, team processes, underlying competencies/ skills and conflict (Zoller, 2010, p. 483). The role of the manager is to understand and integrate all these activities to co-ordinate, encourage and clients systems by maximizing satisfaction. The clients innate cultures are influenced by the history of the development of medicine where the values may be old-fashioned, patriarchal and conservative, or set by others. These values affect the ways in which the client accepts and understand himself. 1.4 Communicating to the Client When an individual is involved in health communication, he or she is involved in one of these types of relationships (Pagano, 2007, p. 47). The term health professional who has an education, training and experience to provide health services to others. Given that our client suffers from a mental problem, there will be a strategy for engaging in the right conversation. Considerably, there is a need to ask the right questions. Secondly, there is a need to examine whether we are talking in their right language. Thirdly, we have determined who the decisions makers in the communication are going to be. Fourthly, we have relied on the email address the client or clients kin, as such it will be possible to the maintain confidence levels. 1.5 Social Care Services Communication-based relationships have become an increasing focus on health care debates about the future of health and social care services. Thobaben (2012, p. 33) notes that enquiries into a number of high-profile tragedies and scandals that have highlighted apparent failures in communication, and have led to calls for changes in the nature of relationships between care professionals and between services providers and health service users. Evaluation is useful for reviewing progress in both patients and care givers communication. The specific strategies include patient communication and nurse-patient communication. Patient communication establishes whether the patient outcomes have been met. As such, we are required to listen actively; observe nonverbal cues and use of therapeutic communication skills to determine whether a communication was effective (Blair and Savage, 2009). The second strategy is care-patient communication. For care givers to evaluate the effectiveness of their communication with patients, mentors are used proactively. Care givers will often ask a colleague to act as their mentor and observe their interactions with a patient. As such, patient consent is sought the mentor silently observing the interactions between the nurse and patient with the patient and nurse. 1.6 Policies and Systems for good communication Reflectively, the facilities apply appropriate communication skills to present a positive image to the organization and its programs and enhancing public awareness and establishing a foundation for future support. It is important to encourage program participants, volunteers, leaders and paid staff to tell the organization story. There is a need to solicit opportunities, which relate to the mission and vision of the organization. Regular communication with business and industry leaders ensures that the organization is in a greater position to reach out to its stakeholders (Cotton, 2002, p. 88). Communication among organization with related missions, programs, customers, operations will, therefore, achieve these objectives. The policies will be effective since they will promote each other programs and provide more ways to recruit and serve customers. Secondly, organizations can share staff with specific managerial, functional and technical skills. Thirdly, the organization will build advocacy for programs and services affecting target populations. Fourthly, the organization can collaborate to solve common problem and service delivery issues. Lastly, an organization can partner to increase opportunities for obtaining foundation and access to other stakeholders. 1.7 Communication Legislation, Charters and Codes of Conduct impact Significantly, legislation, charters and codes of conduct impact on the ways that communication is applied towards the patient. Primarily, the Patient Bill of Rights enables the usage of dignity and protection of patient rights. Patients have a right to something; we can insist on it without the embarrassment of fear. Persuasively, the patient feel embarrassed in demanding the right to the vote and depends on the neighbour kindness and not peeking through our window or going through the mail. The Patient Bill of Rights lists the primary rights that that should be accorded all patients both as policy by health care facilities and as law by state legislatures. The term rights are applied to three senses described in the answer to the preceding question. Task 2 2.1 Tracey Son troubled teenager Convincingly, when a youngster is brought to an outpatient setting or an emergency room, the clinician has some brief information concerning the specific nature of the crisis. It is the information that the clinician applies as a starting point in interviewing an adolescent in crises. Doctors and Kingston General Hospital were therefore required to determine the conception of the crises on his or her level of suicidal intent. As well, they should have assessed the degree of underlying disturbance that is depression, anger, impulsivity, reality testing, and hopelessness. Likewise, the hospital should have delineated the quality and quantity of the adolescents resources and coping strategies. 2.2 Issues at Hand 2.2.1 Informing her Parents Issues concerning the crises the situation should be discussed in an eligible manner to the minor and his or her parent. Tracey and her husband should have been informed the nature of suicidal feelings that they possessed. Clinton and Clark (2010, p. 91) notes that adolescents should be questioned very closely concerning their precipitating factors, which have contributed to the crises. Hence, it is important that the teenage perspective be taken very seriously. As such, the interview or doctors should have established the family to minimize the adolescents difficulties but should have remained open to listening to the adolescents pain, although on the surface it could have seemed trivial (Niewenhous, 2012, p. 111). Close examples of demonstrating crises points are when adolescents demonstrate crises after failed marriages or break down the relationship. Such events seem rather innocuous given that the more normative tumultuous nature of the teenage relationship in a youngster with a history of unresolved loss could be traumatic and devastating. In part of expressed suicidal ideation or attempts, it is important to listen to the adolescents since it allows time for assessment of the dangerousness of the situation and also provide a message to the adolescents that his or her feelings are important much in away (Veronesi, 2010, p. 139). 2.2.2 Suicidal Ideation Part of expressed suicidal ideation or attempts is a form of communication listening to the adolescents that his or her feelings are important. In addition to that, the teenager feels that he should get things off his or her chest this may suggest some resources for talking and working through problem areas, the presence of these resources may indicate that the youngster could remain within the family during the crisis. Besides, interviewing for suicidal risk or intent produces the anxious situation. Tracey and her family could have expected that someone will talk openly and honestly about suicide. Thus, there is a need to defeat commonly held myths of mental health treatment (Engdahl, 2010, p. 98). For the most part, adolescents do not answer affirmatively unless which have been provided to serious thoughts. Using euphemism and more covert references to suicide and self-harming statement often communicate to the adolescents the clinician discomfort in discussion suicide and reinforces and myth that suicidal thoughts should be kept secret. 2.3 Developing an Information Strategy Besides, it was important not to be non-judgemental to the adolescents verbalizations as the goal to uncover as much information concerning the hint of criticism may also cause the youngster to become defensive, guarded and withholding. Neimeyer (2000, p. 552) notes that the purpose of interviewing the adolescents is to access the nature of suicidal crises as the way to construct reliable safeguards. For that reason, without the clinician attempting to create an atmosphere that promotes an open dialogue the teenage suicidal intent remains a dangerous secret. Having assessed this information, the clinician could have taken some determination of the levels of dangers. Convincingly, while nothing is absolute, there are general guidelines that are followed to maximize the youngsters safety. With references on the matter of how subtle, either to self-harm or to harming other should be taken seriously. Reflectively, as has already been discussed, a common myth is that sometimes, everyone feels suicidal, and some statement needs to be taken seriously (Pandey and Dwivedi, 2012, p. 316). As such, it will be possible to examine the degree of self-harm or to harming others. In this case, the clinician should use communication to predetermine a dangerous supposition as suicidal statements or behaviour and not a product of a particularly stressed normal youngster. Chart: Suicidal Healing Strategy after the collective communication Figure 1: The Development of Suicidal Suicidal statements or gestures by adolescents have to be interpreted to mean that the youngster understands the consequences of his actions. Swanwick (2012, p. 53) advises clinician should have prior information on the circumstance of self-harming and those of self-inflicting behaviour that are potentially hidden in the youngster lifestyle. Thus, the child is repeatedly the victim of ideation or behaviour. Pandey and Dwivedi (2012, p. 312) argue that adolescents who act out of their anger and/or sadness by defying limits can also which are dangers of causing harm to others as well as to themselves. As such, the adolescents with the problems of behaviour and conduct also frequently engage in the serious self-harming behaviour. Threats or incidents of setting fires of aggression directed towards, siblings, parents, peers or animals and severe destruction of property are all indicators that the adolescents out control and needs a more intensively structured setting than can be provided at home (Maden, 2007, p. 134). As such, it will be possible to understand the behaviour such as running away from school and home, befriending adult strangers, understanding alcohol or other drug involvement and risk-taking behaviour. 2.4 Reflection In summary, adolescents who manifest severe disturbance of thinking processes such as admitting to visual or auditory hallucination, difficulties in following a thought through to completion, paranoia, disorientation, blunted and paranoia also constitute a group of youngsters who necessitate emergent intervention. Given that behaviours represent the most serious of disturbances as the definition when these adolescents in acute crises, there are difficulties in differentiating fantasy from reality (Fortinash, 2012, p. 119). As such, the clinician should be especially alert to those adolescence display both suicidal ideation and more psychotic processes, as these are adolescents whose ideational content are required on destructive given they lack any observing ego. The individuals are not immediately hospitalized due to this extreme level of potential dangerousness in pairing depressed emotion with distorted thinking. Task 3 ICT health care management 3.1 Benefits of ICT in Health Care Management The presence of ICT in healthcare services delivery has brought about great advancement in the health sector. The sector has created the concept of eCare that has improved service delivery. As such, many people are using such communication technologies to communicate with others and gather information with healthcare being one of the most important areas of such applications. Understandably, the value and the importance of ICTs in care have increasingly been recognized globally. Reflectively, the literature of innovation and the adoption notes that are still inadequate in identifying the factors are crucial in promoting eCare adoption in developing countries. The advent of eCare has brought exciting opportunities that reduce control in the growing healthcare inequalities. Essentially, costs and efficiency become the key variables in the management. ICT can be used to solve problems identified in the CQC report. Chart 1: eCare Design Strategy Responding to Problems Identified in CQC Report The problems included Proper management, an absence of good communication skills, poor delivery of values and poor management of the services such as accident and incident records management. I am going to be presenting on how to manage these problems. 3.2 Proper management The Home Care was not properly led since their lack a habitual relationship between management and ICT. ICT encourages the proper integration of the technology care organization. The strategies include strategic planning, risk management strategies, cost-benefits analysis, change management strategies and effective project management risks. Integration of ICT in the healthcare organization is not exclusively the role of the eCare management. Strong leadership is required to engage the appropriate staffing with specific knowledge and expertise. Principally, ICT will illuminate on project management. Project management enables an organization to achieve their objectives positively (Niewenhouse, 2005, p. 439). Essentially, ICT will provide managers with powerful tools that improve their ability to plan, control activities and implement the control activities helping personnel and resources effectively. As such, ICT will be guiding the appropriate leadership skills in the wider project management to be proactive and task oriented. The table below reflects on a reliable I.T management strategy. selection Criteria (W) Traditional ICT Set-Up Management Collaborative Notes P WxP P WxP P WxP p WxP Time 5 2 10 4 20 5 25 3 15 Time is vital In ICT management Certainty of time 5 2 10 4 20 5 25 3 15 Very important Certainty of cost 4 4 16 5 20 3 12 2 8 Double G Gold / finance constraints. Quality Assessment 3 5 15 3 9 2 6 1 3 Natural Flexibility 3 4 12 2 6 4 12 3 9 Natural Complexity 3 2 6 2 6 3 9 2 6 Complex is not very technically advanced (class A) on WHOW model Quality 4 5 20 3 12 4 16 2 8 Quality is important in Stakeholder management Responsibility 3 4 12 4 12 3 9 5 15 Natural Risk 2 4 8 5 15 1 2 3 6 Time is more significant for client Σ = 32 119 32 121 29 117 24 85 Rank (2) (1) (3) (4) Table 2. eCare Feasibility Assessment Strategy Besides, the Care facility is not properly led since their lacks change management. Convincingly, change is an evitable part of life and work environment, but planned change is an exception rather than the rule. Reflectively, change occurs whether one would want it or note. By adopting ICT, the care facility will be in a position to the experiment new models of health care and a mob. Ile workforce accelerates the information technology. Nandram (2014, p. 98) notes that many health professionals are slow to embrace ICT tools into their practice and others wearying despite their increasing practice of ICT. Thus, leadership will remain an important component of the quality of technologies. 3.3 Absence of good communication skills Health care communication has become more efficient and less costly. The replacement of ineffective technologies with more effective ones has accelerated these changes. Traditional healthcare communication has become more efficient and less costly as well as overnight letters and long-distance phone calls being replaced with email, teleconferencing, transfer of digital images and telemedicine (Latifi, 2011, p. 89). The medical use of ICTs has gone through an explosion in recent years resulting in many changes in health care and health communication, despite the fact that we still know very little about the extent to which new ICTs have transformed or benefitted health care. The integration of ICT in healthcare will, therefore, improve the core service through telemedicine applications. The ancillary services through electronic patient record or online registration and booking and the service communication. The ICT will further enable the creation of health online communities. These technologies will revolutionize the way providers stay in touch and share important information. Hence, ICT will necessitate how various activities are done the way they are and how they are related to the basic function aims of the care facilities. ICT management table Table 3: Interests of Stakeholders ID Stakeholders Cost Time Quality 1 Clients Y Y Y 2 Practitioners - Y - 3 Hospital Management - Y - 4 Clients Kins Y Y Y 5 The Government - Y - 6 Consulting Centre Y Y Y 7 Management Team - Y Y 8 Strategic Communication Team - Y Y 9 The Local Community Y Y 3.4 Poor delivery of values The problem of poor of delivery of services is caused by lack of ICT infrastructure. There should be factors such as intelligent use of technology where the institutional framework encourages inter-firm and public, private cooperation as well as the business structure of entrepreneurship. Information technology will encourage the use of systems in the healthcare organization that reduce costs and increase market share. The healthcare industry encourages incorporation of ICT to aid the delivery of healthcare services and the collection of information as well as the management and use of information. ICT demonstrates the ease and improvement of the quality of health services that are financially efficient than traditional paper-based practices (Moss, 2012, p. 141). The health care infrastructure will increase risk taking associated with the integration and information technology as a means to communicate between different departments with cost-effective and advantageous to patient as long as it safeguards are maintained with optimal accuracy, reliability, confidentiality and privacy. Poor management of the services such as accident and incident records management Proper record keeping will encourage the increase in investment criteria which has a significant clinical value in aligning with key areas of healthcare renewal and reducing of waiting time, improving access, home care, primary care, care innovation and care accountability. As such, the facility will implement EHR solutions, which will involve a wide Chart 2: The Impact of ICT in Health Management Range of stakeholders building partnerships and alliances with co-investors and project implementers, public sector sponsors, and technology enables. The healthcare providers will expand trade association and academia to increase stakeholder involvement in crucial to the successful implementation and the adoption of EHR solutions. 3.5 ICT legal Consideration The key stakeholder involvement in care industry has legal binding factors. As noted, costs reductions and the enhancement of communication system allows the extension of ICT to almost all healthcare organizations. The Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act of 2000 bind the establishment of the legal strategy. Concisely, the Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act govern the collection, retention and disposal of personal information concerning health care. The Act binds all private sectors actors who are in the business of collecting personal information in the course of companies doing business in Canada to obtain an explicit or implicit consent prior to collecting or distributing personal information (Knight and Chilcott, 2005, p. 117). The act covers only personal information, which is defined as information about an identifiable individual, but does not include title, name or business address or telephone number of an employee or an organization. Legally, PIPEDA establishes electronic documents with the aim of establishing the proper use of electronic documents where federal law contemplate the use of paper documents. The retention of electronic documents ensures that documents are stored in a readable or perceived format that does not modify the information from its original form. The origin and destination of an electronic document that has was sent or received must be retained. The PIPEDA includes some personal information practices principles (Perrin, 2001). Principle five are entitled in limiting use, disclosure, retention and specific that documents containing personal information should be retained as long as the required information is fulfilled in the purpose of information control (McNairn and Scott, 2006, p. 56). As such, companies are required to establish policies for the minimum and maximum periods of retention of personal information that are required in building the organization and developing guidelines in respect to retention and destruction of information. Likewise, the law requires the collection and safeguarding information, and the storage of personal information and the destruction of information to ensure that the non-authorized persons cannot gain access. 4- Conclusion Decisively, communication in health and social care organization remains a central focus to most organizations given that the discipline increases the practitioner involvement in the patient and facility welfare. By expanding the communication levels, the practitioner seizes from normal operations and engages in professional discipline. As noted from the concluded research, communication in health has moral, legal, philosophical and professional factors. The terminated research has considerably explored the importance of communication in mental health management. Special reference has been accorded to the involvement of ICT in mental health management. References Blair, J., & Savage, G. (2009). Advances in health care management. 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A guide to the Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act (2006 ed.). Markham, Ont.: LexisNexis/Butterworths. Moss, B., & Moss, B. (2012). Communication skills in health and social care (2nd ed.). London: SAGE. Nandram, S. (2014). Pragmatic Will with ICT. Organizational Innovation by Integrating Simplification Management for Professionals, 97-109. Neimeyer, R. (2000). Suicide and Hastened Death: Toward a Training Agenda for Counseling Psychology. The Counseling Psychologist, 551-560. Niewenhous, S. (2005). How to Complete a Multifaceted Project--On Time! Home Health Care Management & Practice, 438-441. Niewenhous, S. (2012). OASIS Update. Home Health Care Management & Practice, 110-118. Pandey, G., & Dwivedi, Y. (2012). Neurobiology of Teenage Suicide. Frontiers in Neuroscience The Neurobiological Basis of Suicide, 315-332. Pandey, G., & Dwivedi, Y. (2012). Neurobiology of Teenage Suicide. Frontiers in Neuroscience The Neurobiological Basis of Suicide, 315-332. Pavlov, O., Plice, R., & Melville, N. (2008). A communication model with limited information-processing capacity of recipients. System Dynamics Review, 377-405. Perrin, S. (2001). The Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act: An annotated guide. Toronto, Ont.: Irwin Law. Swanwick, K. (2012). Teenage Suicide: Prevention, Risk Factors and Warning Signs. PsycEXTRA Dataset. Thobaben, M. (2012). Psychiatric Home Health Care Skilled Nursing Services. Home Health Care Management & Practice, 32-34. Veronesi, J. (2010). Management Topics: How Accountable Care Will Impact Home Health Agencies. Home Health Care Management & Practice, 139-141. Read More