Types of Ethnic Identification - Essay Example

It is not clear if modernization has had any effects on ethnic-based conflicts. People with common ideologies and features often perceive themselves as superior to others. Inter-tribal, inter-religious and inter-racial conflicts still exist in modern societies. However, these do not occur with the same organized intensity compared to the pre-modernization era. Modernisation has enhanced the communication and proximity of different people of diverse ethnicities. This is because of greater mobility, and faster communication through the internet radios, and televisions. Many people today perceive themselves as members of a wider interconnected global village rather than loyal members of their ethnic groupings. More rationality impedes ethnic-based conflicts. The presence of constitutional regulations, laws, facilitation of democracy, and international institutions has regulated the authority of majority ethnic groupings over the minority.

The international community should develop rehabilitative programs and opportunities for child soldiers. To reduce the number of child soldiers in combat, they should use an impartial approach to integrating the local communities and local governments in fighting the menace. The international community should increase commitment to advocacy on behalf of child soldiers. They can work with civil societies to act as watchdogs of child protection. Most importantly, they should give children a voice by offering vulnerable children vital protection through education, and psychosocial support and promoting stable families that enhance sustainable social integration.

4.

Outside intervention may increase or reduce tensions in developing countries. The intervention Of America in Iraq realized major benefits to the nation by facilitating democracy, constitutional rights, and good governance.  The transition is however not complete as there are still ethnic wrangles in power subdivision. Moreover, external intervention takes more time and causes extensive damage to the economies that might trigger resource-based conflicts. Kenya’s offensive intervention in Somalia is aimed at liberating Somalia from years of lack of government, corruption, and primitiveness. The aim of the war is to ensure that Somalia has a stable government and is no longer a dark un-mapped terrorist base. The war is ongoing and is so far successful.

5.

America’s military intervention has facilitated more acknowledgments of the Kurds minorities in Iraq. The Kurds had remained in the ethnic minority prism dominated by the Sunni and Shiite Muslims. They are perceived to be stateless and have historically had less voice on governance issues. However, with the intervention by America, they have received relative autonomy with some assuming government positions.

6.

Saddam Hussein’s government had historically oppressed the less influential Shia population in Iraq. Sunnis mainly led previous governments until the 2003 insurgence by America. Under the rule of Saddam Hussein, many Shias underwent repression, torture, and execution. The Sunnis were the majority power holders and they supported Saddams’ regime.  After the Iraq war, the Shias took over power. The two groups are in constant conflict but are forced by democratic principles and modernization tenets to form a working government.

7.

The major ethnic-based rivalry has declined in the past decades following intense emphasis on constitutional power and external intervention from the rest of the world. The collapse of communist governance and an increase in democratic and capitalistic nations has resulted in a decline in inter-state wars. The factors of globalization, institutionalization, and industrialization have gathered people of varied ethnicities and enabled people to understand, respect, and learn to tolerate each other.

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Africa is a relatively new continent whose borders the colonial governments demarcated. The major historical wars centered on liberation and independence from the colonialists. Most recurrent traditional wars are either religion-based or resource-based. The oil-rich countries in Africa discovered their minerals when they had already strategized themselves geographically. Moreover, different tribes had their own religion that they did not perceive as superior to other peoples.  Africa has adopted hybrid constitutions and governance codes from its colonialists that have reduced the prevalence of recurrent international conflicts.

9.

The most dangerous place in the world is Somalia, located in the horn of Africa. Nearly 98% of the population is Islam. Somalia is an arid area beset by hunger and poverty and years of no government. The citizens are trapped in their own country with no education, identification cards, or literacy skills. These factors have led to more receptiveness to violence, piracy, and terrorism that have contributed to regional instability in neighboring Kenya, Uganda, and Somalia.  The large unregulated income from piracy and terrorism services finds its way into Kenya, Sudan, and Uganda often destabilizing the economy with untaxed goods and supplying weapons and terrorism artifacts.

10.

Peacekeepers have increased in the world due to increased conflicts based on elections, power, terrorism, and power instability.