Process of Exploring Acomplex Situation - Essay Example

Question People differ in their willingness to take chances and how much to take exactly. For example, "People with a high risk propensity make more rapid decisions and use less information in making their choices" (Robbins 2005, p. 37). Hence, individuals behave differently toward other people. This basic understanding has resulted to the creation of different organizational behavior tools such as the six-personality-types model which is the most researched personality job-fit theory. This theory classifies employees into six different categories. Each of these categories has their own matched occupations. For example, the realistic type is best suited to be a mechanic, drill press operator, assembly-line worker or a farmer (Robbins 2005, p. 39). These classifications lend understanding on how individual behave towards their work and other people. Hence, choosing the most appropriate motivation tool can be applied to that individual. Central to the effectiveness of motivation is its definition. Motivation is the "willingness to do something and is conditioned by this action's ability to satisfy some need for the individual" (Robbins 2005, p. 48). The needs of the individual which must be satisfied are identified through the understanding of the individual's personality. Question # 2 Lukes, Gaventa VeneKlasen and Miller explained that there are three faces of power: visible power which is the first face of power, hidden power which is the second face of power and invisible power which is the third face. More specifically, an example of invisible power is culture which means the "invisible power concealing behind concretely visible things and it will influence people's behavior" (Chang and Lee 2007, p. 300). Power visible is the ability to influence decision making and thus, can be observed. This power is sourced from specific mandates, for example a company's Chief Executive Officer's power is visible and inherent in his position. Power invisible, on the other hand, is not always observable. It is the shaping of people's wants and needs which is normally embedded social, cultural and ideological norms and values. For example, in the early 1970s, an American manager deployed somewhere in Japan has no visible power to fire an employee because of the cultural and social norm in the county of 'life time' employment. Question # 3 Part A Figure 1 Spray Diagram Part B 1. The Community - being the most affected by the wastes and toxins emitted and discharged by the United States' healthcare systems. The people, as the community, are directly affected because of the diseases resulting from exposures to toxins released by the healthcare system. This considering the rising cost of healthcare. 2. The Healthcare Systems and its Components - if the healthcare system doesn't shape up in light of its impact to the environment and to the community, affected stakeholders such as the community and the government will likely demand penalties. The Healthcare System is composed of clinics, hospitals, doctors, suppliers, pharmaceuticals, incinerator operators, and its employees. 3. The Government - as the overseer of the whole system which includes the healthcare system and overseer of the welfare of the average American, the government can not help but to take a firm hand on how the healthcare system manages its wastes. Part C Based on the discussion and the spray diagram, surely I am as much at risk as the average American. The effects of exposure to toxins such as the chlorine content of polyvinyl chloride or PVC and mercury are not selective. These toxins can affect anyone, anytime. Chlorine from PVC "forms cancer-causing dioxin as a byproduct when manufactured and incinerated" (HermanMiller 2007, p. 4). Most of the diseases resulting from exposure to the toxins and dioxins released from the wastes of the different components are fatal while all of them requires high amount of money to cure. In my opinion, the Hippocratic Oath of physicians should be expanded and include the well being not only of individual patients, but the whole planet as well. What is the use of heaving healthy people if the planet, which is sustaining these people, is slowly dying The United States government, as having the power, must encourage the healthcare system to drastically redesign itself to enable a more effective and efficient management not only of its wastes, but its total impact on the environment. The healthcare system, on the other hand, must not wait for the government to impose penalties before it shapes up. Rather it should voluntarily adopt changes within to minimize its impact on the environment. This alternative is less costly in the long run. Part D Figure 2 System Structure Question # 4 Part A Figure 3 Multiple Cause Diagram Part B Figure 4 Sign Graph Works Cited Chang, S. & Lee, M. 2007, 'The Effects of Organizational Culture and Knowledge Management Mechanisms on Organizational Innovation: An Empirical Study in Taiwan', The Business Review, Cambridge, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 295-301. HermanMiller. 2007, 'Healthier Planet, Healthier People', 1-8. Lukes, S., Gaventa, J., VeneKlasen, L. & Miller, V. 2007, 'Analysing and shifting power in rights-based approaches to development', [Online] Retrieved on January 4, 2009, Available at http://wwwtest.forumsyd.org/upload/tmp/kapacitet/amnen_metoder/demokrati/PowerAnalysis_Sida_ForumSyd_Sep07.pps. Robbins, S. 2005, Essentials of Organization Behavior, 8th edn, Pearson, New Jersey. Read More