Ideologies Built on the Belief in a Constructive World Order - Article Example

According to the source, the visions of the analysts rely on their arguments and viewpoints that concern the behavior of humans with its influence on others (Betts 2017). Additionally, their perspective exhibits various ideologies that made them put forth their stance. The perceptions of the commentators have majorly delved into the political and philosophical ideas that existed over a period and are being popularized by various happenings. The analysis of the historical events has shown that they do not have full control of the future because they have been illustrated to exhibit diverse and extensive developments.

Optimists postulate that war and violence have declined over a period as shown by its frequency and scale. On the other hand, pessimists argue that there is no data to support the presented evidence. Furthermore, they claim that there is another war being developed due to the cultural differences and the rising technological advancement as illustrated by Pinker in the argument analysis done by Fred C. Ikle (Betts 2017). Francis Fukuyama’s argument is based on liberal and realistic predictions demonstrating that the world has moved towards a liberal consensus that might end the violent contentions experienced during the past.

Although his vision has been despised by critics who described that increasing violence and persistent authoritarianism, impacted the opening of the Berlin Wall and the end of Marxism. On the contrary, John J. Mearsheimer discredits the optimists’ perception of the claim that depends on realistic tradition. In his argument, Mearsheimer describes that the state of peace is an illusion setting a destructive period of the Cold War to come. Nonetheless, his vision has been disapproved by the persistence of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) as other critics show.

This, however, comes in handy with the challenges incurred in the European unity marred by renewed conflicts that have been reported (Betts 2017). Moreover, the source presents another controversial vision by Samuel P. Huntington who relied on liberal thinking that the major causes of conflict are motives and values. Like Fukuyama, he views Western philosophy to be an overwhelming tide that cannot be resisted and further emphasizes the cultural disparities in most regions as sources of conflict.

Additionally, Zakaria supports Huntington’s claim that the significant drift in the world power rests on Western values and interests. He (Zakaria) posits that the experienced cultural diversity is underpinned by economic change.