The Advantages and Disadvantages of Ethical Egoism - Essay Example

Ethics Make up al affiliations) i Part 1. Compare and contrast common law v. civil law legal systems. The common law originated from a Middle age period as an England applicable law. The civil law developed in the continental Europe during the same time and was applicable to imperial powers. Both laws exhibit unique features in terms of application and provisions. The common law limits comprehensive compilation with reference to rules and involved statues. The provisions within the common law rely on precedent cases. The precedents act as supporting material used by a presiding judge during a case hearing. As such, common law operates as the adversarial system that entails two parties contesting in the presence of a judge. The overall moderator in the instance is the sitting judge. In contrast, the civic law requires legislative enactments. As such, the judge in the civic law establishes facts within the cases to use applicable codes. The delivery of the ruling originates from the sitting judge who seeks clarity from established codes of law. The drafting process of the civil law is a responsibility of legislator and other legal scholars. 2. Which system is preferable as an international business manager? Why? International business systems require defined regulatory systems for absolute operations. The civic law acts as a preferable system for an international business manager (Cavico, Frank & Mujtaba, 2013). This is because of the established code of law. Various international businesses operate under defined legal provision. As such the civic law would serve to apply on the same businesses. 3. What are the concepts of jurisdiction and venue in the U.S. court system? How do they differ, and why are they critical components to resolving disputes in the U.S. court system? (based on Legal Challenges text Chapter 3 The federal court serves as the Supreme Court system in the federal structure. This is because the court is provided in the American constitution. The concepts of jurisdiction include the original jurisdiction, federal question, diversity jurisdiction and supplemental jurisdiction. The offered concepts serve to eliminate arising controversies, clarify different state parties and overlook denied jurisdiction in other courts. 4 . What is the difference between an intrinsic or terminal value and an extrinsic or instrumental one, and why is the differentiation important for legality, morality, and social responsibility? An intrinsic value is the true or essential value that is invariable due to accident or person while the extrinsic values refer to expiring values based on variant factors. The distinction between the two values is established through the types of traits portrayed. Intrinsic values reveal natural elements while the extrinsic values exhibit a relationship to objects and immediate environment. The differentiation instills morality and the platform to weigh individual conduct. Part 2 1. What are some of the advantages and disadvantages of ethical egoism as an ethical philosophy for business managers? The merits of ethical egoism include providing for acceptable behaviors standards within a given environment or population. Business managers would exhibit ethical egoism to obtain respect from minor employees and other workers. The demerits include prescribing acceptable behavior code without regards to given circumstances. As such, the business managers face contradictory opinion and position throughout the leadership system (Cavico, Frank & Mujtaba, 2013). The ethical egoism limits considerations to a majority interest as a factor to influence any decision making. As merit, the statement offers precise decision based on the company demands. As demerit, the statement displays a mean character trait from the business managers and would likely face opposition from workers within an organization. 2. What exactly is Machiavellian ethics? and how could it be applied to business management and entrepreneurship? Must Machiavellian ethics be applied in order to achieve success in business today? Machiavellian ethics involves self-drive to hold power within the social political sphere. The moral structure of the theory entails practical methodology to gain power and retain the same power. As such, a contract agreement is retained only with self-gain and interests. In cases where the contracts lack interests or gains, a Machiavellian theory demands termination of the said contract. The process of keeping the Contract revolves around retaining power over a populace or organization. Machiavellian ethics application in business enables the said organization engage in profitable agreements without fear losing the invested capital (Cavico, Frank & Mujtaba, 2013). The application of the theory serves to protect an organization’s interests within a given business deal. The changing business world requires considerations before applying the Machiavellian ethics. Some business management skills require engaging in risk associated deals to secure profitable outcomes. 3. What are some of the advantages and disadvantages of ethical relativism as an ethical philosophy for business managers? Do you agree with the basic? Relativism? Rationale justifying ethical relativism? The ethical relativism accommodates for an assortment of cultures among different groups of experts. Individuals from different backgrounds adopt ethical changes, knowledge and changing technology (Cavico, Frank & Mujtaba, 2013). Ethical relativism views both right values and wrong values as relative aspects. The truth also serves as a relative aspect within the changing society. Slavery is an exemplary element that became abolished in the past but is recognized in the modern world. I agree with the basics on ethical relativism due to the changing societal dimensions. Part 3 1. What are the major tenets of the ethical theory of Utilitarianism, and how would this theory be applied in business today to make moral determination? The ethical theory of utilitarianism includes engaging in the right deeds with an objective to exhibit happiness in a wide context. As such, the major tenets include straight or indirect natural morals. The theory provides pragmatic deeds that involve volunteerism, upholding traditions and expressing love (Cavico, Frank & Mujtaba, 2013). The application of the theory would operate on a large-scale business environment through observing holistic responses to workers and the management structure. 2. Why did Kant condemn Utilitarianism as an immoral ethical theory? Kant condemned the Utilitarianism as he believed the will to act lies of self-awareness. As such, Kant respected humanity as a drive to solve arising issues within the societal dimensions. According to Kant, human existence intertwines with moral target to fulfill accorded responsibilities within a given society (Cavico, Frank & Mujtaba, 2013). The belief in an existence of a categorical imperative explains the cause of Kant’s actions. 3. What are natural laws and natural rights, and do they have any relevance for modern-day business? The natural rights refer to the basic human rights originating from the world natural laws, as contrary to the man made laws. According to the rights, nature endows all mankind races. The natural laws and the natural rights follow the nature of humankind and the changing world. Various business organizations operate based on combing the two fields. The business world uses the natural law to mandate individual responsibility and moral judgment. References Cavico, Frank. J. and Mujtaba, Bahaudin G. (Third Edition 2013) Business Ethics: The Moral Foundation of Effective Leadership, Management, and Entrepreneurship. New York: Pearson Custom Publishing. Read More