The Analysis of the Psychoanalytic Theory - Assignment Example

ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY Hypochondriasis refers to a mental disorder. The patient in his minds strongly believes that he or she is terminally ill but diagnosis shows that this belief is not true. Several psychological processes are at work when it comes to patients with hypochondriasis. They are cognitive and behavioral aspects of a person that will affect this disorder. Patients with hypochondriasis merely express a fear of having a certain disease but medical diagnosis shows no presence of the disease. Somatization disorder presents the actual physical symptoms that are treatable but they may reoccur should the psychiatrist not look at the psychological problem which causes the symptoms. A clinician can easily know the difference between malingering and conversion disorder. In malingering disorder, the patients can say what they are feeling or they can fake it. What they say in most cases is exaggerated or unrealistic even medically. Conversion disorder involves the patient’s inability to express their feelings and thoughts to the clinician. Psychoanalytic theory may explain the processes of conversion disorder because they explain how certain emotions, like anxiety, turn into physical symptoms, like fits, without neurons. Factitious disorders are mental disorders where the patient deliberately forms symptoms so that the physician makes a diagnosis. They do this so that they can gain something like financial gain or certain information. A patient with chronic pain disorder usually can have the pain in any part of the body that takes six months longer than the normal healing time for that particular tissue. It could also be because of physical trauma. Chronic pain disorder is not treatable using drugs, as they may not work at time. The health practitioner therefore uses different approaches to manage the pain. Pain disorder is mostly a psychoanalytic condition where the pain that is mostly psychological or emotional transforms to physical pain. This pain comes often as headache and can be treated using drugs. As a consultant, I would make sure I know the particular patient. If possible would want to know just how much they are affected. If their condition were severe then I would recommend treatment first then the cosmetic surgery a bit later when they are psychologically ready to handle the aftermath. I would also explain the surgery and seek approval from their psychiatrist before the procedure for legal reasons. Depersonalization involves the patient feeling not his usual self. The patient shuts down emotionally and become oblivious of the real world. Some of the disorders that will include depersonalization are anxiety disorder, depression disorder, panic disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Derealization involves the patient seeing a change in what other people are seeing in reality. The patient also becomes detached from the real world. Other disorders associated with derealization include anxiety disorders, panic disorder, and schizophrenia. Patients who show symptoms of amnesia normally have breakdown of memory, awareness, and consciousness in their mental functions. They also suffer from other disorders such as dissociative disorders. Fugue refers to a condition where a patient suddenly travels and appears confused or develops a different personality. It is normally memory of a past traumatic experience that causes fugue. Dissociative personality disorders and multiple personality disorder patients experience fugue. The criteria for choosing patients with DID is that they should have multiple personalities, and have loss of memory associated with a given traumatic. They should also show significant distress that affects their normal life and should not be using any drugs. Fantasy in children is not a criterion, as it is normal among children. Most people whom suffer from DID were at one time abused when they were children. I do not its correct because sometimes the episodes are because of the patient a similar experience that reminds of the past or seeing someone who did these things. In such cases, the personalities will reoccur each time. The best way is to help them deal with situation as it is accepting it and try to cope with it. Normal down mood occurs because of a particular situation and may be there for a long time but does not affect daily life and those around the patient. Major depressive disorder is more severe to an extent of the patient withdrawing or committing suicide. Dysthymia is persistent mood disorder. The patient stays moody most part of the day and may go no to several days. It lasts at least two years. It is similar to major depressive episode because in both the patient looses interest in their surroundings and if left untreated the results could be grave. It refers to a situation where a person suffering from dysthmia also suffers an episode of major depression. It diagnosed by observing how much the grieving is affecting her normal life. Bipolar I is characterized by manic while bipolar II is characterized by hypomania. Bipolar II is more common. No they are not because children are not yet able to express their feelings well. The serotonin neurotransmitter system affects psychology of people. The cognitive theory explains that the way a person views himself or her determines how the society views them. The cognitive triad is a representation of how thoughts about us the world and the future could lead to depression. Cognitive therapy works using a given principle that a stimuli leads to certain emotion depending on a person evaluates the stimuli. Tetra cyclic antidepressants work by changing levels of neurometers and blocking their absorption making more serotonin available therefore, the brain cells work effectively. Monoamine oxides inhibitor causes a mood lift in the depressed person. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors help reduce depression by blocking absorption of serotonin lifting mood. Electroconvulsive therapy; for treating severe mental illness, by using electric stimulus to produce a generalized seizure. No I would not because it is quite rough and the condition may reoccur any way. It is true that a large number of people who threaten suicide actually do it. I would be concerned and get her professional help. The major difference is that bulimics eat large amounts of food then induce vomiting immediately. Amenorrhea is a condition in women that refers to the absence of menstrual period. It may not be published in the DSM-IV when it is primary and published when it is secondary. Culture influences eating disorders in western culture a thin person is ideal while in African culture a fat person represents health. Western culture have higher incidents of eating disorders The person is anxious to have the right body size, maintain the body size, and be acceptable among peers. The anxiety levels in them may worsen the eating disorders. Obesity is a case of food addiction. Some people turn to food to relieve stress, which leads to obesity. In hypersomnia the patient increases sleep hours during the day while in insomnia the patient is unable to initiate sleep or sleeps for less hours A nightmare is a scary dream people experience when asleep while a night terror is partially awakening at night with screams or kicking. Sleepwalking occurs during the end of stage four of sleeping also known as delta sleep. Yes, they are sub consciously. Work Cited Barlow, David H., and Mark V. Durand. Abnormal Psychology: An Integrative Approach. New York: Cengage Learning, 2012. 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