The First Satellite and its Original Purpose - Assignment Example

The First Satellite and its Original Purpose Lesson 5 Question 1: We will discuss satellites several times in the class. Using the Internet, find out who made the first satellite and its original purpose. How do satellites work to send information from space? The making of the first satellite is not considered a one-man affair; however, a group of scientists from Russia is credited with the first man-made satellite, a concept proposed by Isaac Newton. The original purpose of the satellite was for the observance of various scientific phenomena in space. Satellites work by receiving radio signals sent from the earth, and then resend the radio signals back to the earth. Question 2: Describe the differences between active and passive margins. How would it look different if you walked onto the beach of each margin? Active margin exists in the leading edge of the continent, where it crashes into an oceanic plate. Passive margin, on the other hand, refers to margins that exist in the other remaining coastlines, without any collision and subduction activities taking place. Walking onto the beach of each margin differs in that the active beach has formation of different geographical features because if different activities such as earthquakes, whereas the passive beach remains relatively flat. Question 3: The continental margin is made of the shelf, slope, and the continental rise. Question 4: What is the difference between a submarine canyon and a deep ocean trench? How are they created? Research their depths. Which one is deeper? Do submarines hide in both of them? A deep ocean trench is a depression in the deep ocean floor in the shape of an arc, while submarine canyon is a cutting into the continental shelf and slope making an end into the deep sea fan. Ocean trenches, usually, go deeper into the ocean than a submarine canyon, with submarines hiding in both. Lesson 6 Question 1: Write a sentence about each of the four sources of ocean sediment and how that piece of dirt gets to the ocean floor. The four sources of ocean sediments are terrigenous, biogenous, indigestible, and exogenous sediments. Terrigenous sediments are sediments formed on land then washed into the ocean by the action of rivers. Biogenous sediments refer to sediments resulting from the discarded parts of living organisms both on land and in the sea, with their entry into the ocean being similar to that of terrigenous sediments. Indigestible sediments refer to shells, shell pieces, and fecal pellets as particles of other forms of sediment wrapped in the waste products of sediment-eating bottom dwellers in the ocean base. Finally, exogenous sediments are the particles from space, making a small percentage of the ocean sediments. Exogenous sediments get to the ocean floor by running waters into the ocean such as rivers after the sediments are deposited on the earth’s surface. Some of the sediments also fall directly into the oceans from space. Question 2: Pick 2 of the natural resources listed in the lecture notes. Research where in the world they can be found, how they are extracted, and for what purpose do humans need those two resources. The two natural resources are Udachnaya pipe located in Russia just outside the Arctic Circle. It has diamond deposits extracted through mining and used by human as an economic resource. The second natural resource is Mount Kinabalu located in East Malaysian, South Asia. The mountain has massive pluton formed from granodiorite, mined by human for economic purposes as well as the availability of wild animals and the Carson Fall, which also act as a tourism attraction sites. Question 3: In the 1960''s, oceanographers used Baillie sounding machines to collect samples of the ocean floor. Question 4: What are oxygen isotopes? What kind of information can paleoceanographers get from looking at isotopes? Oxygen isotopes refer to the three stable forms in which oxygen molecules exist. Paleoceanographers get information such as the reconstruction of sea-surface temperature, most especially on the influence of temperature on the isotope ratio. Lesson 7 Question 1: Find a picture of a water molecule and paste it into your homework. Why is the H-O-H not lined up straight? Water molecule Question 2: Why would a frog hibernating in the bottom mud of a pond appreciate that frozen water turns into floating ice? When frozen water turns into floating ice, the frozen ice protects the frog from the winter conditions as well as predators, who otherwise would pose a greater challenge to the frog. Question 3: Water holds lots of energy in the form of heat. This is called a high thermal energy. Question 4: What is the number1 ingredient of ocean water? What other solutes besides NaCl (table salt) can we find in the ocean water? The number on ingredient of seawater is salt. Other than NaCl, other solutes available in ocean water include MgSO4. Lesson 8 Question 1: How does the thermocline in tropical water differ from the thermocline in polar water? Why is there such a difference between them? Thermoclines in tropical water are, usually, warmer, and clearer compared to those in the Polar Regions, which are colder and have more suspended molecules hence not very clear. The difference is because of the variance in latitude and proportionality to available sunlight. Question 2: Find a photo of an animal that lives in the disphotic zone. Paste it here and describe the depth at which it is found Cuttlefish The cuttlefish is found at about 1,500 feet deep into the disphotic zone. Question 3: The term refraction is when sunlight hits the water surface, and the light continues to go into the water. Question 4: In the movie “Finding Nemo,” Mr. Ray, the teacher, sings a song about the zones of the ocean. Find an Internet clip of the song that starts with let’s name the zones and write the lyrics here. Maybe this will help you AND little kids learn the 4 ocean zones. The lyric of the song is as follows: Oooh, let's name the zones, the zones, the zones. Let's name the zones of the open sea. Spoken: Mr. Ray!,Lookee Mommy! Ohh, You'd better stay with me. ..mesopolagic, bathyal, abyssalpelagic. All the rest are too deep for you and me to see. Spoken: Huh, I wonder where my class has gone? We're under here!, We're under here!, We're under here! Oh, there you are. Climb aboard, explorers. Oh, knowledge exploring is oh so lyrical, when you think thoughts that are empirical. Spoken: Dad, You can go now. Oh!, Who's this? I'm Nemo Read More