The Normal Response of Ovaries during the Menstrual Cycle - Essay Example

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It is essential to state that the paper "The Normal Response of Ovaries during the Menstrual Cycle" will critically discuss the normal response of ovaries during the menstrual cycle, as well as the hormones secreted and the mechanism for feedback and control…

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The Normal Response of Ovaries during the Menstrual Cycle

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Subject: Nursing
Type: Essay
Level: Undergraduate
Pages: 1 (250 words)
Downloads: 4
Author: fboyer

Extract of sample "The Normal Response of Ovaries during the Menstrual Cycle"

The ovarian cycle is dependent on two of the three gonadotropic hormones that are produced by the anterior pituitary gland. These hormones include follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). The follicular phase is controlled by the FSH, which includes days 1 to 14, and the luteal phase is controlled by LH, which includes days 15 to 28 of a 28-day (normal) cycle. At the commencement of each menstrual cycle, FSH stimulates follicle development. This result in estrogen production, causing maturation of the ovum contained within the follicle.

Estrogen levels increase as the follicle grows; this high level of estrogen triggers the pituitary gland to release a surge of LH. This is a positive feedback effect as the levels of estrogen will be high; causing the muscle and uterine lining layers to be thicker in anticipation of an embryo. This abrupt increase in LH results in the follicle bursting open. This act releases the mature ovum into the abdominal cavity. This process (ovulation) takes place on day 14; the floating ovum is then drawn toward the fallopian tube and travels to the uterus (Ricci & Kyle, 2009).

After ovulation, LH levels remain increased and cause the fragments of the follicle to develop into the corpus luteum. Corpus luteum secretes progesterone hormone. The work of progesterone is to maintain the uterus lining. If fertilization fails to take place, then, the corpus luteum disintegrates, and the levels of estrogen and progesterone drop. This drop is triggered by a negative feedback effect on the pituitary due to the combination of estrogen and progesterone; causing the uterine lining to shrink as menstruation commences. This marks the start of another follicular phase; which is again day one of the cycle (Rosdahl & Kowalski, 2008).

In conclusion, if fertilization occurs, then the negative feedback effect on the pituitary will not be experienced as progesterone level will be produced and maintained steadily. This is because the implanted embryo will produce human chorionic gonadotrophin which maintains the corpus luteum from disintegrating. Read More

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