The Political System in Arab World - Essay Example

The Arab Spring oversaw the change in the political structure as well as other facets of society. The regions are divided into three; Mashriq is composed of Lebanon, Egypt, Jordan, Palestine, and Syria, Maghreb is composed of part of Egypt, Morocco, Tunisia, Algeria, and Libya, and the Arabian Peninsula is composed of Oman, Yemen, Bahrain, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Iraq, and Kuwait (Yafi, 2012, pg. 18). These regions have differences in terms of economy, culture, political systems, timing, people, and the history. This paper defines the differences in the Arab World regions in terms of political systems, economy, and education after the Arab Spring.

The political system is one of the major differences in these regions. The political boundaries of the Arab Peninsula are comprised of Bahrain, Kuwait, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, and the United Arab Emirates. The vast region of the Arab Peninsula is covered by Saudi Arabia. The majority of this population also comes from Saudi Arabia. The six countries from the Arab Peninsula have formed the Gulf Cooperation Council that oversees the running and maintenance of political unity in these countries (Yafi, 2012, pg. 23). The six countries are Qatar, Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Oman, and the United Arab Emirates. Most of these countries are monarchies except Bahrain and Yemen.

The Maghreb is made up of various modern territories. These include Algeria, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia, and Mauritania. The formation of the Maghreb is linked to the need to promote cooperation both economically and politically in the region through Muammar Gadhafi. The countries are republics except for Morocco which is a monarchy. The Mashriq region is composed of countries that are on the Eastern side of Egypt. It composes of countries such as Egypt, Palestine, Lebanon, Syria, and Jordan. Jordan is the only country that remains a monarchy while the other countries are republics (Yafi, 2012, pg. 13).

In terms of education, the regions have experienced issues that relate to the education of women. The literacy levels of the youths are higher in these countries compared to the adult literacy levels. The Arab Peninsula has a literacy rate of about 94% of the youth. On the other hand, the Maghreb has a literacy level of about 83.2% and the Mashriq have a literacy rate of 73.6% in the youths (Yafi, 2012, pg. 13). The lowest rates of literacy are experienced in the least developed countries such as Egypt, Somalia, and Mauritania. The Arabian Peninsula is a region that is well-advanced in terms of education with countries like Jordan having a 90% literacy level among adults.

The economy of these regions is also diverse and presents a major difference in these regions. The Arab Peninsula is made up of the richest economies in this region. This is due to the large oil fields that these countries are endowed with. They are among the top ten producers of oil in the world (Yafi, 2012, pg. 13). The Mashriq regions have significant but smaller reserves in comparison with the Arabian Peninsula. The Maghreb is composed of regions with significant oil reserves, but lower than the Arabian Peninsula such as Libya. However, the economies of countries such as Somalia and Mauritania are very poor. This is due to conflicts of interest that arise in these regions.

This paper defines the differences in the Arab World regions in terms of political systems, economy, and education after the Arab Spring. The political boundaries and system of administration vary from republics to monarchies. Read More