Statistical Package for the Social Sciences - PowerPoint Presentation Example

As people grow older, the composition of the body changes, and among all the changes one of the most noticeable ones is a decrease in bone density.
Lack of protein in bone mass serves as a major reason for Osteopenia. Older adults are very often found to suffer from hip fractures. Protein intake is immensely potent to reduce undesirable outcomes from the fracture

Slide 5: contd.
There exists a huge debate over the effectiveness of protein intake on bone health in older adults. While on the one hand, several studies have documented several advantages of protein intake in the elderly, on the other hand, a huge number of studies have found protein intake as disadvantageous for older people.
A high intake of protein increases the risk of bone fracture by increasing the level of urinary calcium excretion.
One study has found that a doubling protein intake is associated with a fifty percent increase in urinary calcium. (Margen et al 1974)
Slide 6: the importance of the current study

The present study intends to make a huge contribution to the ongoing studies on the relationship between bone loss in the elderly and protein intake not only by conducting a close investigation of the relationship between protein intake and bone health among older people but also by investigating the issues of the effects of dietary components which acts as a supplement to protein, type of protein as well as of lifestyle of the elderly. (Weikert et al. 2005)
Slide 7: references
All this literature has been reviewed for extensive information on protein intake, its advantages, and disadvantages. Selective articles and sources have been collected to throw adequate light on this issue
Slide 8: research question and hypothesis
The principal aim of the present research is to examine the relationship between protein intake and risks of bone loss in the elderly, hence the present research tries to answer the question of whether protein intake affects the bone health of older people.

It is very often presumed that no matter what is the level of protein intake if an old person follows an exercise routine regularly then his/her bone health will get improved. So it will be quite interesting to find out whether regular exercise is alone effective in reducing bone loss in the elderly, or it is protein intake that is essential for preventing bone loss during older ages. So to check the effectiveness of protein intake on bone health a null hypothesis that regular exercise can alone be effective in reducing bone loss in the elderly can be tested. If this hypothesis is rejected based on the results obtained then it can be said that protein intake plays a significant role in reducing bone loss.
Slide 9: Method and research design

The main problem associated with gathering information regarding these variables is that appropriate secondary data is not readily available for these variables. Hence primary survey seems to be appropriate for the present research for information gathering.
Since the current study puts its focus on the bone health status of the elderly, during conducting the survey entire focus will be placed on older adults only.
Due to time constraints, a huge area is not possible to be covered during the primary surrey. Hence samples for the research will have to collect from a narrow base, like a small village or town.
Slide 10: cont.
The questions that have been incorporated in the first section intend to gather information on aspects like gender, age, marital status, occupational status, etc. of the interviewees.
The questions in the second section ask questions like whether he/she is happy with the way he/she is leading his/her life. Or whether he/she has obtained everything that he/she has wanted in his/her life.
The third section asks questions like whether he or she was nervous or mentally depressed in the past month, or whether he had been able to exercise control over his behavior, attitudes, etc. over the past month, and so on.
Slide 11: cont.
The fourth section comprises questions like how the interviewee will rate his/her quality of life in the past month, whether he/she is satisfied with the present quality of life, or whether he/she suffered any kind of illness or pain that presented him/her to achieve a good quality of life over the past month and so on.

The fifth section included questions like whether he/she has been able to take good care of him/herself, whether he/she has managed to sort out all needs by him/herself, and whether his/her body has felt strong enough to do what he/she wanted to do, whether he/she has rarely felt confused, whether he/she has had lots of friends who he/she wanted to spend time with and so on.

Slide 12: cont
Apart from finding out the relationship between the extents of protein intake, or between the status of bone health in the elderly and regular exercise, it will also be interesting to find out how supplementary dietary components affect the health of the elderly, particularly bone health.
Slide 13: Reliability
The primary survey for the present study is based only on people living in a small village. So it would be difficult to generalize the results obtained.
When questions seem to be sensitive people often hesitate to give the correct answer and Under such situations, it would not be possible to obtain reliable results. Read More