Social Conflict in Rome - Essay Example

The paper tells what gave plebeians equal power with the patricians in making laws. These democratic reforms benefited the political system of Rome and made the state stronger than ever.

Josephus’ description of the Roman army

Josephus described the remarkable qualities of the Roman army which enabled the empire to expand in the territory. First, the army men were highly disciplined. They trained every day as if they were engaged in actual battles. They obeyed their masters and never broke any laws. Second, the army men had a great sense of dedication to duty. They battle not for fortune but for the glory of the empire. The discipline and dedication that runs in their blood are then manifested into triumphant battles Third, the army men are very precise in their actions. Each man had his specific place, specific duty, and specific contribution to the army. Their battle skills are also well-calculated. This precision often leads the army to effortless victories. Finally, the army camp is not just a place for battle preparation but a place that stands as an entire city in itself. The tents, streets, and gates, are perfectly designed to ensure maximum security and control of the camp.

Seneca on Tranquility of Mind

Seneca shared his thoughts on how to achieve peace of mind. First, know yourself and be aware of the strengths and weaknesses that come with it. People either overestimate or underestimate themselves which leads to emotional disturbances and conflicts with other people. Second, choose a career whose demands meet your capabilities. Working beyond your capabilities may imbalance physical, emotional, and mental health. Third, do not expect that the good deeds you have done for other people will be reciprocated. They are never in debt for your kind actions. Giving time, money, or service to other people must be done with sincerity. Fourth, choose the right friends. Trustworthy, sincere, and cheerful are qualities of an ideal friend. Finally, money afflicts society so just be contented with what you possess. The rich suffer as much as the poor. In fact, people who have very little to possess are much happier than those who are always searching for more.

            The appeal of Christianity

            Christianity as a religion provided emotional and spiritual security to those who believed it. The religion was encompassing in that it included the common people and the poor. Its believers held a sense of belongingness that left no one in solitude. A Christian was expected to be in communion with another by spreading the Word, showing love, and taking part in God’s Will for all mankind. An important aspect of Christianity is the offering of forgiveness for those who repented. Humans are susceptible to sinning and Jesus forgives everyone who repented. Aside from the promise of forgiveness, Christians are also assured of eternal life and salvation. This spiritual security led more people to believe in Christianity. As for the Romans, Christianity as a religion directed their lives to a path of goals. Unlike their previous religions, Christianity had a purpose or a cause. Christianity added depth to the lives of those who believed in it. Romans, in effect, led goal-oriented lives which made Christianity the official religion of the state.

The Julio-Claudians and the Flavians

The Flavians were the predecessors of the five emperors who ruled during the golden age of the Roman Empire. Before the Flavians, the lineage of Julio-Claudians produced both efficient and weak emperors. Claudius and Tiberius, for instance, brought prosperity to the empire while others like Caligula and Nero brought failure. After Nero’s death, four emperors claimed power in the empire but only one succeeded---Vespasian. He, then, appointed his sons to continue his monarchy and lay the foundation of the Flavian dynasty. The Flavian dynasty was successful in defeating barbarians, acquiring more territories, and restoring peace in the empire. These dynastic qualities would become the benchmark of the incoming five emperors of the golden age.