Sustainable Development by Constructing Greenhouses - Essay Example

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT BY CONSTRUCTING GREENHOUSES SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT BY CONSTRUCTING GREENHOUSES Executive Summary Due to the increase in world crises such as global warming, change in climate and economic crisis, there is desire to develop sustainable development within our society. Sustainable development provides for the relationship between the environment, economy, and the society. Nonetheless, to achieve the equitable growth, startup companies, multinational organizations and the non-governmental institutions must have a key role to support the relevant economic sectors so that poverty levels can be reduced. Thus, America International Corporation has decided to work with Kenya locals to construct greenhouses that would ensure the country produce food that is sustainable to its population so that hunger can be averted. Attention is drawn to the fact that this country majorly depend on agricultural products as their basic point of the economy. Agriculture is the backbone of their survivals since it is the source of their daily food and comprise almost of 75% of their exports that earn foreign exchange that enables them to balance the trade deficits. But as studies shows, there has been a decline in a significant production. This significant decline is due to climate change and global warming. The two has led to extreme temperatures and excess heat that are unfavorable for food production. (Pearce, Barbier & Markandya (2013) shows that the production of food in these societies has an annual decreased from of up to 10% in the last decade. On the other hand, research by Barrett, Ilbery, Brown and Binns, (1999), shows that exports from these countries have fallen by 20% and the trend is likely to continue if not addressed. Thus, due to these demanding issues, the corporation has identified greenhouse construction in these societies as the primary remedy for the situation. The establishment of the greenhouse will make the locals produce more than enough for their consumption against the extreme weather conditions. Hence, food security is ensured that will lower the poverty index to reduce by a greater percentage. Furthermore, production is expected to be in excess that can be used for exchange for other products from various societies. Hence, the balance of trade will be manageable that enhances growth in the economy creating sustainable development. Basic arguments in principal in sustainable development and project developments The world institutions have proposed various heads that encourage the corporation to participate in the project developments. A report from World Bank shows that climate change is destroying the events gains that have been achieved over times hence companies and governments must take the necessary action. The institutions suggest that due to economic growth, 660 million persons have been lifted out of poverty while a further 800million are still languishing in the vice. Thus, a sustainable development in economic, environment and society is the way to go if we have taken care of the future generations. The project is further motivated by the desire for equality across the regions which can only be achieved by being self-reliant in food production to the less developed countries like Kenya. Another principal is to reduce the harm of global warming to the population. Thus, the greenhouse will make the citizens produce at full capacity so that hunger is averted. Review of the study Scientists have shown that climate change and global warming is on the rise that might affect the local economies, societies, and the environment. Research by Lobell, Schlenker, & Costa (2011), observes an increasing level of carbon dioxide and heat gasses that are causing a lot of temperatures on the earth’s surface. Thus, drought and undistributed patterns of rainfalls is inevitable. Food production will be affected due to insufficient production that will increase the levels of poverty. (Teixeira, Fischer,van, Walter, & Ewert 2013), suggests that the sudden changes in the moisture of the soil, temperature have high effects to human beings both in agricultural and food supplies that affect the sustainable growth of the economy. Scientists thus foresee the tendency to continue and would not stop soon. As long as they continue, the human health is at risk more so in the consumption of the persons in less developed countries. They describe so since this population majorly does not have alternatives to the extreme conditions and neither does their government put measures to curb the situation (Bass and Dalal 2012). Other study shows that the rate of global warming is increasing at a faster rate than the humans had expected (Easterly and Reshef 2014). Therefore, the temperatures of the surface are bound to change that affects the local economy. Hence, to this changing climate conditions, the local economy of the less developed states do not have the capacity to respond immediately due to the limited resources. There societal governments neither do not set much capital nor invest in such areas of research to reduce the menace. The locals are thus left to find for alternatives for their own. Furthermore, the society allows for consumption of agricultural products and is too rigid to the alternatives (Kerzner 2013). As a consequence, various sustainability measures must be adopted if the economies are to become stable and sustain the food production. Therefore, from the provisions, above, there is a need for sustainable development strategy to provide for economic development in Kenya. Expected outcome The greenhouses are expected to create a lot of impact to the locals and the nations as a whole. Kenya is a society that the majority of its population survives on agricultural products such as maize, rice, and many other products. But, due to the changing climate conditions and global warming, the productions of the country are at risk that will create shortages in the population. Thus, by initiating the project, the output is expected to increase by more than twice of the current productions (Pearce, Barbie and Markandya 2013). Furthermore, the production of the products is ensured on an annual basis. Hence, the locals are provided for the sufficient food production reducing hunger and poverty. Indeed, of the 44% of the populace who lives in poverty in the country is expected to reduce to almost 30% of the population. The projects will also recruit members of the society creating an income for them. Thus, the locals will increase their purchasing power within the country that would spur trade leading to economic growth. The greenhouses are also expected to grow agricultural products such as flowers that have been a major export of the country. This will add to the already existing export products in coffee and tea from the nation (Kerzner 2013). Hence, the amounts of exports are expected almost to double the current price. Agricultural exports constitute approximately 75% of the countries income. Therefore, by increasing the amount tradable, income is bound to increase. This will help reduce the balance of trade deficits of the country hence earning more foreign exchange. Consequently, stability is expected within the country that will boost trade with other countries. As a result, more money will be collected that the country can diversify in its production to create economic stability. Factors to consider before starting the project Experience – the organization will carry out a trial program for the project for one year so they can gain the relevant knowledge concerning the country and its viability. The relevant market- before, launching the project, the company will determine the number of greenhouses that already exists in the market. This will make it possible to know if the projects will be sustainable within the existing gap. Training of labor- the business will have to train the locals in the production ways that maximizes the output before the project could commence. Economy- a survey of the local economy is imperative so that they can determine the rate of cash circulation. This will help decide on the amount of goods to produce within the greenhouses. Locations- the company will have to carry out various logistics in the suitable places where the projects will be situated within the country. The available finances- the cooperation will carry out costs analysis of the project to determine the approximate capital that would be required to start the project. Therefore, deficits due to limited cash will not arise when the project starts. Time- the business will evaluate on the duration that it takes to produce the goods in the greenhouse. It is useful so that they can know the circulation of market supplies that minimizes shortages. Culture- the country is a society that is immersed into its norms more so in consumption and do not accept the alternative food at ease. Hence, determining the relevant food that is most likely to spur growth and reduce poverty for the population is detrimental Fallback positions- this involves ensuring backup such as loans and other strategies that will be adopted in case the project could experience problems especially at its initial stages. The government- the organization, will assess if they are in line with the government goal of the operations will only have to take place under the local rules and regulations. Recommendations Venturing into agricultural productions to aid the less developed countries is quite an encouraging and motivating that other organizations should embrace. The America international cooperation has provided an excellent example for other multinational companies to follow suit. The groups make more than enough profits that they can use to help the less needy society like Kenya. It is the only way to achieve equality among different countries and reduce the world poverty index. And as the World Bank report suggest, to this nations agriculture spurs growth than any other venture since it has direct relationship to the citizens and if well manifested then hunger and deaths due to poverty is significantly reduced. However, due to increasing human activity all over the world, climatic and global effects will continue to rise. It is because; countries are expiring to have more energy, burning a lot of fuels while destroying forestry due to demand for facilities such as construction materials. Thus, the rainfall patterns will be significantly affected that negatively affects agriculture in return. Thus, it would be wise for developing countries to diversify their consumption and trading goods if they are to survive the hard economic times ahead. Embracing alternative resources such as food also eases pressure on the local production of agriculture. Therefore, they can always avert hunger on their own without the necessary help from outside organizations. Part 2 Overview of the project This project is conceived by America international cooperation so that they can increase the food production. It involves constructing greenhouses in various parts of the country due to extreme weather conditions that has threatened agriculture. The capital will solely be raised by the organization and incorporates the citizens and other stakeholders in the project. The project is expected to ensure constant supply of food and in turn increase trade that will increase the country’s economy. The business idea There was increased global warming and climate change in the country that had negatively affected agricultural activities. Agricultural production formed the major products of consumption in Kenya thus creating a market gap. Thus, the cooperation adopted to construct the greenhouses so that they help avert the food crisis among the population. Overview of the local situation The population was on the increase while food production was threatened by harsh climatic conditions. The society and the government at large had no concrete plan to deal with the situation while the economic standards did not allow for other alternatives due to reduced resources. Hence, the company was motivated to help the situation. Reasoning behind adopting the business plan Due to humanitarian concerns by the company, the cooperation establishes the business plan so that hunger could be managed within the society. There was desire to create stability in developing countries like Kenya so that they could become independent. Therefore, this was only possible by constructing greenhouses to ensure sufficient production. Challenges that the organization had to overcome to implement the project The organization had to mobilize enough funds to ensure that capital was enough for the project implementation. There were logistics problems since identification of viable places was very difficult. Thus, the company had to convince the citizens to allow for relocations so that enough space could be available for production. The cooperation had to train the citizens on the various modern production methods that weren’t an easy venture. Expected outcome There would be constant supply of food production that will ensure stability to the locals. Thus, hunger would be greatly managed. Due to excess production, the country is expected to increase its trade activities both locally and internationally. Hence, the economy will be very stable since the trade balances will be very favorable or competitive against other nations. References Bass, S., & Dalal-Clayton, B. (2012). Sustainable development strategies: a resource book. Routledge. Barrett, H. R., Ilbery, B. W., Brown, A. W., & Binns, T. (1999). Globalization and the changing networks of food supply: the importation of fresh horticultural produce from Kenya into the UK. Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, 24(2), 159-174. Easterly, W., & Reshef, A. (2014). African export successes: surprises, stylized facts, and explanations. In African Successes: Modernization and Development. University of Chicago Press. Kerzner, H. R. (2013). Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley & Sons. Lobell, D. B., Schlenker, W., & Costa-Roberts, J. (2011). Climate trends and global crop production since 1980. Science, 333(6042), 616-620. Pearce, D., Barbier, E., & Markandya, A. (2013). Sustainable development: economics and environment in the Third World. Routledge. Rosenzweig, C., Elliott, J., Deryng, D., Ruane, A. C., Müller, C., Arneth, A., ... & Jones, J. W. (2014). Assessing agricultural risks of climate change in the 21st century in a global gridded crop model intercomparison. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 111(9), 3268-3273. Teixeira, E. I., Fischer, G., van Velthuizen, H., Walter, C., & Ewert, F. (2013). Global hot-spots of heat stress on agricultural crops due to climate change. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 170, 206-215. Read More