Data, information, and Organizational knowledge - Essay Example

XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX Define information systems and the types ofIS?Information system refers to combination of between people processes and technology to facilitate planning coordination and decision making in an organisation. There are 5 types of IS namely TPS(Transaction Processing System),DSS(Decision Support System),EIS(executive information system),OAS(office automation system) AND THE Expert Systems(ES).TPS is a type of information system that collects,stores,modifies and retrieve the data transactions of an enterprise This type of IS has become vital part of effective business management because it ensures customers’ orders are met on time and for a transaction to be complete it must pass all stages of the transaction process that is collection, storage, modification and retrieval.

The second type of IS is decision support system which are generally computer based systems and subsystems intended to help decision makers use communications technologies, data, documents, knowledge and/or models to complete decision process tasks. . In most situation, it may be aimed at business executives or knowledge worker. The third type of IS is EIS (Executive Information System) that facilitates and supports overall management of an organization information and decision-making needs. This system specifically targets the needs of the upper management, and helps to provide useful information to the management in order to help facilitate decision making.

It involves the computers, network, people and procedures. The forth type of information system is OAS (Office Automation system) refers to a type of system that facilitate information exchange between people in an organisation. A variety of office automation systems are now applied to business and communication functions that used to be performed manually or in multiple locations of a company, such as preparing written communications and strategic planning. The main benefit is that the more freely the information flows the more its productivity.

The final type of information system is ES (expert systems) is a computer based decision tool that uses procedures that exhibits, within a specific domain to solve difficult decision making problems, based on the knowledge acquired from the expert.Instant messaging software like what’s up and 2go are good example of information systems. They lie under database information systems and categorized under communication driven DSS.DSS that are communication driven have primary purpose to help conduct a meeting or for users to collaborate.

The internet messaging software allows a group of people to interact with the system and each other to create a solution.A railway reservation system is an example of a transaction processing system. This is because it allows customers’ orders to be met on time by the business transaction stages: collects, stores, modifies and retrieve the data transactions. When a customer wants to book and fails to complete the transaction the system will not recognize the transaction and this shows that they are accurate and should be of high speed.

Transaction processing systems provide speed and accuracy, and can be programmed to follow routines functions of the organization.Onococin is a type of expert system because it uses artificial intelligence techniques to offer advice to the physician on medicines, dosage and testing.it integrates medical records keeping with decision support.it determine drug doses on the basis of time schedule, toxicity and blood counts.This shows how systems can be changed to work as human beings.REFERENCEhttp://www.

itcollaborate.com/71/information-systems-used-in-modern-business/www.freetutes.com/systemanalysis/types-of-information-system.htmlhttp://www.pcmag.com/