Violence against Women and Human Rights - Assignment Example

Violence against Women and Human Rights Abstract Violence against women violates their human rights, and has various physical and psychological effects that can cause death or permanent disabilities. Research shows that more than one in five young women encounters violence in their lifetime. A third of women are said to have been abused by their intimate partners or their family members. There are several forms of women abuse that are discussed in this paper such as sexual and physical abuse. Women who are subjected to chronic gender violence find it hard to live normal lives. Their lives become miserable and unbearable. For this reason, there is a need to discuss the root causes, impacts and solution to violence against women. Thesis: Women who are subjected to chronic gender violence find it hard to live normal lives, and their lives become miserable and unbearable thus the need to discuss the causes, impact and solution to violence against women. 1.0 Introduction What is gender-based violence? Background information on women violence in developing countries Highlighting forms of women violence History of women violence Approaches used to analyze violence against women Facts about women violence in developing and developed world Severity of women violence 2.0 Literature review 2.1 Theories explaining women violence 2.1.1 Biological explanations 2.1.2 Psychopathological theories 2.1.3 Systems theory 2.1.4 Social learning theory 2.1.5 Feminists theory 2.2 Causes of women violence The desire to gain control, men desire to gain control over women Sense of entitlement , men feel that they are entitled to do what they deem fit Misuse of power, people in power , employers and teachers often lure women in exchange of favors Male dominance and privilege, the society is dominated by male chauvinism which sees women as inferior to men Patriarchal traditions, African tradition bestows powers on men who think that they rule women because culture states so Consequences of inequalities in the society, income inequalities in developing countries pose women to a great danger of abuse because few women own the means of production Intentional behaviors, some people abuse women intentionally due to personal grudges Drug abuse or alcohol and how they relate to violence against women Mental illness can cause domestic violence Lack of control can cause violence against women Blame on women who trigger violence against themselves How women contribute the problems they experience 2.3 Forms of Violence against women 2.3.1 Sexual violence What entails sexual violence? Sexual violence at homes Sexual violence at places of work Sexual violence on young women Sexual violence and its psychological implications Rape in developing countries , specifically in Nigeria and Sub-Saharan Africa 2.3.2 Women trafficked in prostitution Determinants of women trafficking Motives behind women trafficking Profit seeking merchants are to be blamed Women are being trafficked for phonography Human trafficking is painful and alienates one from her family Prostitution is an emerging business in both developing and developed countries Factors that causes protections including, low income levels , urbanization, and moral decay in the society 2.3.3 Physical injury Highlight physical injuries such as hitting with blunt objects, hitting, biting, twisting, punching, shooting, and stabbing What are the most common type of physical injuries 2.3.4 Undermining woman’s sexuality Treating women in derogatory manner Criticizing sexual performance False accusations of infidelity Withholding sex Desirability 2.3.5 Psychological abuse Instilling fear Threatening to harm a woman Destructing what a woman owns Blackmailing Stalking Mind games Isolating the victim from his family and friend through forced imprisonment, unfounded accusations, personal relationships and constant accompaniment 2.3.6 Emotional abuse Undermining the victim’s sense of worth 2.3.7 Female genital practice How African countries treat female genital mutilation Female genital mutilation is a violation of human rights 3.0 Levels of Women Abuse 3.1 Violence within homes 3.2 Violence within the general society 3.3 3.3Violence occasioned by the state 4.0 Violence against women and HIV Epidemic Women who encounter violence in their lives are more likely to acquire HIV/AIDS Women living with HIV/AIDS can easily be subjected to domestic violence Women are the most vulnerable group to HIV/AIDS and to violence Women undermines the efforts aimed at fighting HIV/AIDS by creating a barrier to access HI/AIDS treatment services 5.0 Effects of violence against women 5.1 Effects on women Psychological problems Low self-esteem Depression Death in severe cases, many women in Nigeria and Sub-Saharan Africa have dies Fear and stress 5.2 Effects on Nation Developing countries are spending a lot of money in treatment of women who have been abused by their spouses Ghana and Nigeria tops in the list of the young women who are abused every year Violence against women in developing countries limits their ability to protect themselves from HIV/AIDS Violence against women restricts their ability to enjoy reproductive rights 6.0 Solutions to Violence against women Dealing with violence against women requires successive economic, social and political empowerment, increasing awareness of rights as well a having women in decision making positions Establishment of community response systems where women can air out their grievances Community participation in ending violence against women in developing nations has been started by non-governmental organizations Promoting gender equality in schools Ending forced early marriages through intervention measures Revising laws that are biased against women can help reduce violence against women Works Cited Fawole, Olufunmilayo I, Ademola J. Ajuwon, and Kayode O. Osungbade. "Evaluation of Interventions to Prevent Gender-Based Violence Among Young Female Apprentices in Ibadan, Nigeria." Health Education. 105.3 (2005): 186-203. Print. Web. 7 Nov. 2014 Fawole, Olufunmilayo. "Economic Violence to Women and Girls." Trauma, Violence, & Abuse. 9.3 (2008): 167-177. Print. Web. 7 Nov. 2014 Gajic-Veljanoski, Olga, and Donna E. Stewart. "Women Trafficked into Prostitution: Determinants, Human Rights and Health Needs." Transcultural Psychiatry. 44.3 (2007): 338-358. Print. Web. 7 Nov. 2014 Ijeoma, Aniekwu N, and Ayo Atsenuwa. "Sexual Violence and Hiv/aids in Sub-Saharan Africa: an Intimate Link." Local Environment. 12.3 (2007): 313-324. Print. Web. 7 Nov. 2014. Jejeebhoy, Shireen J, Iqbal H. Shah, and Shyam Thapa. Sex Without Consent: Young People in Developing Countries. London: Zed Books, 2005. Internet resource. Web. 7 Nov. 2014. Simkhada, Padam. " Life Histories and Survival Strategies Amongst Sexually Trafficked Girls in Nepal." Children & Society. 22.3 (2008): 235-248. Print. Web 7 Nov. 2014. Usman, Lantana M. "Street Hawking and Socio-Economic Dynamics of Nomadic Girls of Northern Nigeria." International Journal of Social Economics. 37.9 (2010): 717-734. Print. Web. 7 Nov. 2014. Violence against Women: Are You Guilty? Lagos, Nigeria: Women, Law, and Development Centre, 1900. Web. 7 Nov. 2014 Read More