How Democratic Leadership Affects the Employees Satisfaction in Hilton Hotels - Research Proposal Example

Research Methodology Student’s Name Instructor’s Name Course Name Date of Submission How Democratic Leadership Effect On the Employees Satisfaction in the Organization: A Case of Hilton Hotels Research methodology Mulusa (2008) defines research methodology as the step by step process through which data and information is collected by the researcher to help in decision making process. Borg & Gall (2006) defines methodology as what constitutes the research the research activity. Normally it utilizes different models and concepts to arrive at the solution. Research methodology is a way of solving a given problem in business or society as a whole. It is a science of studying how the research should be carried out. Basically, research methodology comprises of procedures being used by the researcher to go about their activities describing and explaining their work in predicting a given phenomenon. It is the study of methods which are being used to gain more knowledge in a given area of study subject. It helps in answering the study questions and objectives. Research design The research design can be described as approach through which the researcher is going to use to come up with study findings. This study adopted a descriptive study design. This research design has been chosen as it helps in establishing the link between democratic leadership style and employee satisfaction level in an organization. Research design here refers to different strategies which are being used by the researcher to ensure that research problem is well addressed. Descriptive study design used in this study is capable of using either quantitative or qualitative research approach. It can involve data collections which is quantitative aspect which will be tabulated along with other numerical forms like the scores, level of agreement, effect among others. The study will involve data collection that describes events and then organizes them in table, graphs and other format which can easily depict findings. In this study, both quantitative and qualitative approach will be Glesne (2015) describes quantitative research as deductive in nature as it helps in establishing the relationship between different theories used in research through data collection and analysis approach. It is numerical in nature. In the research process, quantitative research approach aimed in deducing the tested hypothesis hence need for precise and accurate data in the process. Qualitative, on the other hand, deals with discussion and description of abstracts which are not measurable. Therefore, this paper utilized both approaches in coming up with findings and recommendation of this study (Mulusa 2008) The advantages of this research design include easy acquisition of a lot of information through mere description. This method is capable of identifying useful variables and hypothetical constructs which can form part of future discussion or research themselves. Lastly, descriptive methods is able to indirectly test the theory and models which cannot be investigated using other means (Mulusa 2008). However, one of the shortcoming of this method is that it is not possible for it to identify cause within the variables of the study. Population of the study Population of the study can be describes as the group of individuals from the general population and have common features like health condition sex or age. In this study, the population of the study is the employee of Hilton hotel. The population targeted in this research is the staff of the Sidney-based Hilton Hotel. The study sought the opinion of the employees on how they feel the adoption of democratic leadership affect their satisfaction level. The study adopted a simple random sampling procedure. A representative sample of 20 employees out of the hotel’s approximately 40 staff will be used in the study. A sample of 20 employees is found appropriate for the study in line with Chow 1996 study that suggested that a population sample of 10-30% is statistically significant and can be relied upon in arriving at a conclusion (Chow 171). Therefore in this study will use the 50% of the total staff of Hilton hotel Sample (50%*40) = 20 people This sample size is adequate for marking statistically significance decision since it is more than 30% of the total population of the study. Data collection method Data will be collected from the respondents through questionnaires. The questionnaires was having both open-ended and closed. It took approximately one week to collect the data from the field. The study will involve study survey. In the survey method, the participants will be expected to answer questions which will be administered through interview. After the participation of the respondents, the researcher will be able to edit and describe the responses. The construction of the questions will be done to ensure both reliability and validity. The researcher will administer the questionnaires through research assistant who will guide the respondent on what is expected from the also explaining the need of them participating in this research survey. Research instrument. The study will use both secondary and primary data where primary data will be collected using research questionnaires and interview schedules as the major research instruments in the study. Questionnaires The research questionnaire can be described as a carefully designed instrument which is used in collecting data in line with research questions as they are listed in the study. Research questionnaire are of two major types, that is open ended questionnaire and closed ended questionnaires. In this study, closed ended questionnaire provides the researcher with answers which are simple and easy to compute while the open ended questionnaire provide researcher with opportunity to have quality data which can be described in the process. The questionnaire will be administer on face to face basis and the research assistant will distribute questionnaires to the target population where they will help in interpreting major thematic areas of the study which will be useful in assisting respondents in answering the questions. Interview Schedule In order to go deeper into the topic of the study, the researcher will use interview schedules. This is a devise which is consisting of set of questions where the interviewer will be asking the respondent on face to face basis with the interviewee. Interview schedules is capable of making the researcher to obtain data which is capable of meeting specific area of interest. This instrument was well designed to address specific issues in relation to the study topic. It will seek to dig deep into management style uses in Hilton hotel and the reasons why management have settle in using democratic management style as opposed to other types of management. The interview schedule had semi-structured items. This enhanced clarification, analysis of data and reveal deep and truthful views of the interviewees concerning effect of democratic management style on employee satisfaction. Pilot testing In order to test validity and reliability of the instruments used in this study, pilot study will be carried out. The instrument were checked thoroughly by multiple professionals in order to ascertain accuracy and authenticity. The piloting study will be done in the neighboring hotel with some randomly selected individuals. . The piloting helped to modify and remove any ambiguous items on the instrument. The data was collected during the piloting was analyzed and the results used for appropriate amendment of the instruments. The main objective of pilot testing was to ascertain the accuracy and validity of the instruments before they are used in the actual study Reliability test The reliability can be describes as the degree to which instrument of the study yield a given extent of consistent results with the administered by the researcher. Orodho (2004) states that reliability is the level of internal consistency and the research stability of the measuring instrument over a given period of time. The reliability instrument in this study will be computed using the Cronbach’s alpha with expected coefficient to be 0.70 and above. The coefficient of the reliability will be computed using spss which is a computer software program. This will help us in determining the internal reliability of the instrument in the study. Therefore reliability is very important in any research study. Questions with coefficient less than 0.70 will be removed from the questionnaire. Validity Test Content validity of instruments can be describes as the degree of the instrument measuring the intended question in the study. It is the accuracy of the meaningfulness of the inferences, which is usually based on the research results. In short, validity is the degree to which results obtained from the analysis of the data actually represents the phenomenon under study. The researcher will administered pre-testing of instruments to ensure that respondents are able to understand the questions correctly. The researcher used peer review for fair judgments. Lastly, to ascertain the validity (e.g. content validity) of the instruments, the researcher was constantly in touch with the supervisor in charge for advice and guidance. Therefore, the review will be done in line with research objectives and research questions targeting to unveil the research objectives. Predicted reliability is estimated as: rkk = k (r11) / [1 + (k - 1) r11] rkk = reliability of the test k times as long as the original test r11 = reliability of original test k = factor by which the length of the test is changed Data Analysis The data collected from the respondents was analyzed using qualitative and quantitative techniques as this was to help in arriving at a reliable conclusion. The regression analysis will be done explaining the relationship between the democratic leadership style and the employee satisfaction. The following regression model will be run in SPSS: Dlst = β0 +β1Es +Ɛ Where:- Dlst is the democratic leadership style β0- Coefficient Es – Employee satisfaction level Ɛ-Is the error term Therefore this will be the regression model which will guide the study findings and conclusion will be drawn from it The study findings will be represented in terms of charts, graphs and tables as per the need of the study. Ethical consideration The researcher considered some ethical issues include high confidentiality of information from the respondents, protection of the respondents’ identities, intellectual honesty, free from biasness, ensuring high security of data and information obtained was used only for the purpose of the study. The respondents were free to withdraw their statement at any stage of the study if they wish so. The study findings will be used specifically for the purpose of the study and employee will not be victimized by any means because of the opinions which they will share with the researcher. Hence legal and ethical consideration must be taken into consideration. Bibliography Borg, W. & Gall, M. (2006). Educational Research: An introduction. New York: Longman Inc Mulusa (2008) Introduction to Survey Research Design. SRL Fall 2202 Seminar Series. Retrieved August 28, 2014 from http://www.srl.uic.edu Orodho, L. (2004), Research Methods. Nairobi: CUEA Publications Read More