Effectiveness of Health and Safety at Work Place in Bangladesh - Essay Example

 EFFECTIVENESS OF HEALTH AND SAFETY AT WORK PLACE IN BANGLADESH Insights from Garments Industry of Bangladesh 1. Introduction Bangladesh is a developing country and is famous for low wage labor availability abundantly. Because of this charm, many international buyers are attracted towards Bangladeshi readymade garment industry. They high quality garments available at lower costs with higher acceptance at their local markets. Everything was going on the track but some events put an alarming situation for Bangladeshi government as well for international buyers. Fire and collapse incidents proved that compliance with employee safety was not being assured and workers were forced to work in vulnerable working conditions to keep their body and soul together. On 24 April 2013, a very grave collapse of garments industry was observed at a ten storey building in Bangladesh. It made the entire world suspicious of what could have happened. The accident took place in well known Rana Plaza where five garment factories were running with worldwide interactions. Many renowned brands were used to interact with garment factories in Bangladesh because of good quality of garments at cheaper costs. However the poor health and safety conditions are thought to be responsible of the deadliest building collapse in the history of Bangladesh (BBC News 2013). It is right to remark that it has become an alarming situation for governing bodies in order to cope the global defame and for resuming the relationships for trade and business. In near past, before the lethal collapse, Bangladesh remained a center of attention for international buyers because of extremely low wage rates. According to Minimum Wage Board (2010), the average wage in Bangladesh was Taka 3000/- which is extremely low as compared to contemporary market rate (Mondy and Noe et al. 2005). 2. The Accident The tragic collapse in Sawar on 24th April 2013 was one of the most astonishing historical accidents. The said plaza, situated in Sawar, Dhaka, was tremendously collapsed at 8:58 a.m on that day. The plaza building has been estimated to have 5000 workers employed in five garments factories. According to the government press release, around 1131 workers kicked the bucket in the accident and their bodies were rescued. The government spokesman further divulged that 2438 workers were rescued alive. In the collapse five garment factories, one bank, ATM booths, a market and parking lots were devastated (Mehr 2013). Rescue services were offered by Bangladesh army, Fire and civil defense services, Bangladesh Police and several volunteer welfare and nongovernmental organization. The made the injured reach to hospitals and different first aid spots according to the severity of injury. Emergency was enforced in public as well as in private hospitals at Dhaka (BBC News 2013). It has been reported that a morning before the collapse, a two inch crack was observed in ground pillars of the building. By hearing the news, several journalists of leading television channels arrived at the building. They covered the news and were lean to talk to the owner of building Sohel Rana. After the call, the owner personally came to the building and said that the crack is not dangerous. It can be managed without enforcing any emergency in the building. The peace of the building must not be disturbed. He asked the journalists not to report the news. He let out the situation of building satisfactory in all respects and went away. A local engineer visited the building and told that the condition is severely vulnerable; the building must be emptied immediately and should be inspected by a competent team of professional engineers (Quinn 2013). By seeing the response of the building owner, the garment factories’ owners decided to close the factories. From the next day, labors were called for strike. On the day of accident, the building owner was present in his office in the basement and was trying to stop the labor strike. He forced the labors to come back to the factories and to resume their work (Banjo 2013). Meanwhile the building was collapsed and Sohel Rana was rescued by his guards. The building was consisted of eight floors and all were occupied including five garments factories. On the ground floor, a market, a bank and its ATM booth were operating. On 1st floor another market with Sawar branch office of Brac bank was working. From 2nd to 7th floor following garment factories were in operations respectively (Odhikar Fact Finding Report 2013): New Wave Bottoms Limited Phantom Apparels Limited Ethar Tex Limited Phantom Tac Limited New Wave Style Limited (6th and 7th Floor) 3. About the Owner: Sohel Rana Sohel Rana, the son of Abdul Khaliq and Morjina Begam was born in a district of Bangladesh known as Manikganj. Abdul Khaliq was petty trader (oil seller at ferry boats) at beach. Rana joined a local young gang of reprobates, known as Rajib Shamar Bahini. In 2000, it was learnt that Sohel Rana had joind Bangladesh Chhatra League. In the year 2004, he was elected as general secretary at Savar Municipality. He had full support of Murad Jong who was a parliament member and an influential political personality. With the support and back up of Jong, Sohel Rana created Supremacy. He was indulged in criminal activities including robbery, thefts, drug smuggling and murders as well. He was used to snatch land ownership from hindus in Bangladesh. Because of having strong back and support from Murand Jong, he was not scared of anything. He was used to commit crimes and threatening the people openly. People were scared of his name and were enforced to follow what he desired such that, the son and the father became so much dominant and influential in a tiny span of time (Sgsgroup.com.bd 2013). 4. Back Stage Facts: the corruption facts file The facts reveal that corruption is observed at every step of construction of the building. In September 2003, Sohel Rana signed an agreement with a real estate company (Tonmoy Housing Limted) director named Kazi Saiful Islam. In the agreement, Sohel’s father Abdul Khleq and his mother Morjina Begam were also involved. The underlying contract contained 29 clauses independently. The contract revealed that Tonmoy Housing Limited would construct the ten storeys building on the land owned by Sohel Rana (Greenhouse 2013). The real estate company was supposed to invest their own funds in construction and 61% of the building will be entitled to the Tonmoy Housing Limited while 39% was intended to go towards Sohel Rana’s share. It was settled that 61% ownership will be transferred to Kazi Saiful Islam after the basement will be constructed (Odhikar Fact Finding Report 2013). Sohel Rana breached the contract when he was required to transfer the ownership formally. He started threatening Kazi Saiful Islam to leave the contract. Since Sohel Rana remained politically sound and influential, Kazi had to suffer great loss by withdrawing himself from the contract. The approval was not recognized from Rajdhani Unnayan Kartripakkha (RAJUK) and Savar Municipality had earlier permitted to construct without any responsibility of structure, architecture and design of the building (The Guardian 2013). After forceful withdrawal of Kazi and company, Sohel Rana made his own arrangements to construct the building till eight floors. It was further disclosed that Mayor Refat Ullah (director of Savar Muncipality) and his related officials gave the permission of construction to Sohel Rana in 2006 and 2008 (Odhikar Fact Finding Report 2013). In 2008 the same officials including Mayor Refat Ullah gave signed the application to expand the structure of the building from five floors to nine floors. Whereas the rule of Detailed Area Plans of 1995 and 2010 were clearly violated in this regard, both of the Detailed Area Plans explained that it is necessary to get permission from Rajdhani Unnayan Kartripakkha (RAJUK) in such of the cases. But it is crucial to remember that Sohel Rana did not intimated the competent authority i.e., Rajdhani Unnayan Kartripakkha (RAJUK). Sohel Rana threatened Kazi because he did not want to hand over the decided proportion of ownership to Kazi. It was a vulnerable incident and there no back up of the building structure and architecture. It had been evidently discovered that the entire structure plan was flawed and imperfect. After all that mess, the building was at last inaugurated by a parliament member Murad Jong on August 19, 2009 (Odhikar Fact Finding Report 2013). 5. Legal Actions After the deadly event, several cases were filed against Sohel Rana, the owner of Rana Plaza. The suits were filed by a police man, Rajdhani Unnayan Kartripakkha (RAJUK), Dhaka detective officials and families of deceased workers. In total there were five cases which were enclosed in the name of Rana and the owners of the garment factories who did not condemn the vulnerable working environment. Out of all the accused, 12 were arrested immediately including Sohel Rana and are imprisoned till date (Odhikar Fact Finding Report 2013). Bangladeshi health and safety act was badly affected through this incident. It elucidated the vulnerable conditions of employment conditions. It made other affluent people to pay attention at the health and safety conditions in organizations (Gomes 2013). Government had handed over 840 bodies out of the total 1131 dead bodies. Remaining bodies were buried in the municipality graveyard as unidentifiable after completing the formalities such as DNA profiling (Odhikar Fact Finding Report 2013). Bangladesh government responded positively after the fatal accident at Rana plaza. Many amendments were enforced in the present legal jurisdiction regarding workplace safety and labor security especially for garments industry (Infoplease.com 2013). It is an admitted fact that competent authorities widely look over the activities which caused the serious accident. The cabinet signed the labor security amendment bill which brought major and constructive changes in the labor law 2006. The bill was in process prior to the accident but the process was made speed up. It was an effort to resume the previous image of the garments industry with a little hope for the short term. However for the strategic aspect, it can work substantially if the law and order will be enforced with strict accountability of the guilty. Without implementation and execution, perhaps it would be like a lip service and nothing more than that. The recently passed bill contained many of the required amendment such as labor safety at work place, after retirement plan and medical facilities to the laboring class (Luckerson 2013). Furthermore the policy is ready to implement which states the legal conditions for labors’ health and safety. The policy is known as National Occupational Health and Safety (OHS). It seems to have a positive security culture and to withdraw the workers from vulnerable working conditions. The process of registration of trade unions in readymade garments sector has made better than before. In this respect, government has registered 22 new trade unions were registered from January 2013 to May 2013. Out of these 22 unions, 14 belong to Dhaka whereas the remaining eight belong to Chittagong readymade garments industry (Government of Bangladesh 2013). Role of ILO (International Labor Organization) in Bangladesh has been improved on noticeable grounds (Chellaney 2010). The director of ILO in Bangladesh has been intimated to put strict check over the fresh implementations. The compliance of law and order will only be justified when the upper authorities will be brought to book by the government and law making agencies as well as by higher courts (Government of Bangladesh 2013). Minimum wage rate has also been revised by taking the international contemporary market in view. The main concern is to capture the psyche of the workers. They will regain their confidence and motivation in improved working environment rather than working with lower wages in the same vulnerable environment at the cost of their lives (Barling and Frone 2004). By providing bonuses and allowances in several respects such as annual performance bonus, best employee awards etcetera, government aims to get the enthusiasm of the employees back. Valuing employees is the modest way to remover uncertainty from locales. It will also help in reputation management in international market. Several buyers have cut off for good. The garment industry of Bangladesh has suffered a lot because of some culprits. It needs new motivation, revolutionary measures and administrative precautions in order to ensure employees’ safety and previous position. 6. Administrative Actions At administrative level, government initiated a number of strides which were subjected to ensure transparency and accountability. For the very first step, they establish an eighteen members’ bench containing cabinet members and other competent officials. The bench was required to submit a report consisting of facts and figures describing the overall scenario, impact and the most important reasons of the deadliest accident ever. Culprits were intended not to be left spare and government was lean to bring to book and immediate accountability. Government required a full performance report from each institution involved in the rescue process of Rana Plaza collapse. However this restriction was only implemented to government organizations such as Bangladesh Army, hospitals and other government agencies who played active role in rescue and release. It was made compulsory to submit a report describing the accurate situation of readymade garments industry in Bangladesh. The report will be prepared annually by specialized competent professional. This audit come safety report will be submitted to government and after that rating will allocated to each factory on the basis of the performance stated in the report. This initiative clearly indicates the concern of government to resume the international standards by implementing better quality of labors’ health and safety. The workplace safety audit report will not be confidential and will be published after government approval thereby. The report will be submitted on June 30 each year. In the audit, the compliance of factories and organizations will be monitored according to the law and order. Government plans to appoint 600 quality inspectors by the end of the current fiscal year. The inspectors will be responsible for the compliance of legal standards in readymade garment industry throughout the country. It will be more fruitful amongst all respect if it is not only a lip service as happened in past. This initiative is taken to remove corruption from garments industry. In order to ensure transparency and merit, the recruitment process for these inspectors has been handed over to Bangladesh public service commission. It is to ensure that the new officials will be on merit with a strong sense of professionalism. For this purpose, they will be passed through a detailed training session in simulated environment in order to get complete know how with their job roles and responsibilities. They will be offered attractive remunerations because of highly challenging and dynamic job duties. Government plans to establish a garment industrial park near capital city of Dhaka. The plan will be implemented soon. For this purpose, government has acquired 532 acres of land. In the industrial park, investors will be encouraged because of government back up. They will be provided with tax cut on and subsidies. This is the most practical initiative for a developing country like Bangladesh. It will help to centralize the overall industrial places at one station. However after successful accomplishment of this industrial park, government has planned to work for other sectors as well. For this plan, it has been learnt that the park will be equipped with international level plant and equipment under strict check and balance from government. It is the need of time to kick out the corruption and take an enthusiastic start with the new zeal and zest. The role of ILO (International Labor Organization) has been accelerated before any plan comes to its accomplishment. Government has directed to Department of Inspection for Factories and Establishments (DIFE) to increase their administrative capacity with proper implementation in legal respects of RMG industry. For this purpose, a detailed audit report has been demanded on short notice in order to improve the infrastructure and men power requirements of the underlying department. With the concern and collaboration of International Labor Organization, government indents to stop current arena of corruption especially in readymade garments sector (Government of Bangladesh 2013). 7. Social Actions With the association of ILO, a detailed welfare plan has been espoused to improve the employees’ current situation in industrial sector especially in garment industry. The plan is known as “National Tripartite Plan of Action on Building and Fire Safety for the RMG Sector in Bangladesh”. To implement and ensure the compliance of intended actions under the plan, a committee jurisdiction has been established. The committee is named as “Task Force on Building and Fire Safety in Readymade Garments Industry”. The basic purpose of this industrial initiative is to pledge the social security of the employees whether they are regular or retired. The improvements in health facilities and gratuity plan will also be in upcoming agenda. The establishment committee is formed under the supervision of government officials for the sake of acquiescence assurance purposes. ILO has further proposed to implement high technology sensors and scanner in the factory premises which will be handled by highly competent experts. To achieve the desired level of compliance, it is required to go for highly technological implementations in factories and production areas. Furthermore it is also proposed to install inventory management system. In garment factories, there are high risks of health security. To cope with such risks, employees are proposed to wear safety masks in order to remain safe from the hazards of production system. It was completely recognized that the need for check and balance is crucial at the moment. So many productive plans were introduced immediately in order to grab the international attention again with more sophisticated manner. To compensate the deceased and injured workers, government as well as non government organizations worked in full swing. Service of Primark international with association with an NGO is also remarkable. However the space of a person can never be filled but it was tried to be compensated in most possible way. Through social and welfare activities, government remained pretty successful in getting the trust of their people. However the politics has been defamed nationally as well internationally because of some black sheep but they are about to settle the accounts according to law (Government of Bangladesh 2013). 8. Global Impact and Responses Following an enormous incident of Rana Plaza Collapse, international (western) buyer started responding their indirect responsibility. They sent sorrow and sympathy towards the incident. It caused global defame in international market. One of the giant buyers of the garments is Primark. They expressed that they will inspect the suspicion in the building and equipment as well. However they showed grief regret on what happened. They confessed the responsibility of overlooking the building rumors and gave outs (Singleton 2013). They further explained that they were intimated by the factory owners that the rumors are not more than libel but still they were abashed over the accident. However they told that they do not have any plan to sign any contract with any Bangladeshi garment company without thoroughly investigating the circumstances and the working conditions. Primark had announced a piece of compensation to the company’s deceased and seriously injured workers. It was an effort to fulfill their corporate social responsibility. The spokes person of Primark divulged that they will take part in investigation procedure and will try to resume their global image back. He further affirmed that they had relation with a vendor who had occupied 2nd floor of the collapsed building. The other international buyers are lean to have more security and assurance of legal compliance. They are more interested in international standards of employees’ safety standards with strict attitude. For this purpose some of them are planning to representative visits at the vendor factories to check out the degree of compliance. In such a way they will further decide whether to transact with those companies or not. Many of the retailers including Primark, Walmart, Gap, H&M and Carrefour conducted a meeting among their representative in order to find out a solution of the dilemma. They discussed upon the critical point of labor security and improvement in workplace conditions in Bangladesh. The meeting put a sudden pressure over the Bangladeshi government in order to survive in the international market. It was a lucid indication that their interest has been lost because emerging concept of societal marketing. Rejection of Pakistani football in FIFA world cup 2010 (because of involvement of child labor) is a live example of such decision. Before that USA had been rejected for the same reason of child labor. Since world is going societal, it is no more possible to earn at a cost of human lives (Greenhouse 2013). However they could not find a clear action plan for improvement in Bangladeshi industry. The concern of foreign buyer clearly shows their interest and significance of Bangladeshi readymade garments industry. Primark’s corporate social responsibility speaks out louder in terms of compensation to the Rana Plaza victims. The vendor of Primark had employed around 10 per cent of total employees of the building. Since Primark had begun compensation payment pledges in order to help out the victims and their families. The representative of the British retail chain told that they had planned to spend one million US dollars in order to compensate Rana Plaza victims as a short term aid. They also showed great concern towards health and safety improvement issues so far. The compensation was intended to provide to every employee of the vendor organization equivalent to three months salary to each labor. However they did not float the aid through government but they collaborated with a Non Government Organization (NGO) in order to make it reach to every targeted person (The Guardian 2013). 9. Recommendations It is the greatest challenge ever for the Bangladeshi government. They are required to save their economy which is already trembling. After an enormous international defame, it seems even more difficult to get its previous position back in international market immediate. The planning and development plans which have been presented by Bangladeshi government are enough sound if they are implemented in full swing. The requirement of time is to mobilize the resources with transparency and merit. The political defame must be compensated which had been observed by the corruption activities of Sohel Rana and Murad Jong. Such kind of black sheep must be thrown out of the politics. Only merit and transparency should be prioritized. Only lip services and ding dong slogan are going to yield nothing but slanders and economic distress. Employees’ satisfaction is very important but empowering labor unions solely is not a rationale decision. Proper empowerment should be granted to human resource departments as well along with planned quality and safety audits in the organizations. If labor unions are empowered solely, then it might cause labor monopoly in the garments industry. A balance of both of the parties should be settled down. Government should increase the wages and should introduce saving schemes for workers so that inflation should be controlled which can be projected through a rapid wage rate increase indeed. Industrial park for readymade garments is a very thought provoking decision at this crucial time but government must pay sound attention towards factory construction and allocation. If any flaw could remain, the same mishaps may happen which are not possible to be absorbed again and again. The devastated plaza victims must be valued so that they can feel their social values, especially for those whose sole bread winners had kicked the bucket. The widows and children of those labors should be provided with government scholarships and free education so that they can contribute in country’s welfare for the long term. Technical and skill development should be initiated at strategic basis because the industrial age is useless without skills and expertise. It will cover up the unemployment and literacy problem as well as a very famous proverb states, “Skillful never sleeps hungry.” Bribery and professional gifting must be discouraged on strict grounds so that higher officials lean to avoid it. These are the roots for gigantic and turbulent problems in the societies. This enhances social differences, lust for money and social unrest in the society. When poverty increases, crime ratio automatically augments. In order to get rid of such social melodies and corruption, guilty must be brought to book so that people should think twice before committing such activity. Very harsh compensation should be allocated against corruption and sleazing activities. Government is required to play its role by proceeding in full vigor. Transparency is only possible when the problem is dug from its roots and fixed immediately otherwise ding dong slogans can be raised anytime and anywhere. 10. Conclusions Corruption is a crime which should not be spared at any cost. The underlying incident of corruption swallowed thousands of lives. People came out for the sake of earning but they did not know that the urge for earning will leave nothing behind. Higher authorities remained calm and remained silent viewers. They realized the scenario very late when it took all the assets away. Bangladeshi readymade garment industry had occupied a unique place among several international markets with high acceptance rate in their local markets. Foreign vendors did not pay proper attention over the working conditions from where they importing the robes. They were seemed to be more concerned with cheaper prices and expenses they had to bear. In the milieu of Bangladesh, people were not so much aware such that they could be able to raise their voice for right of workplace safety. The industries were operating in vulnerable working conditions where owners were concerned with profits, buyers were interested in low price and workers were exploited in full swing. The laboring class suffered from every aspect but nobody asked them about the situation. At last the bubble busted and Rana plaza swallowed thousands of people in result of higher degree of negligence from higher authorities and corruption of a group of individuals. Non government organization remained quiet until and unless the facts were not revealed. Many new policies have been now introduced which give a little hope of improvement especially in readymade garment industry. Bangladeshi economy was sufficiently dependent upon the garment industry which is not getting trembled. The mushroom urbanization in Bangladesh with a lot of population below poverty line forced people especially young females to come to industrial labor bgiy leaving their towns for the sake of earning to keep their body and soul together. Government initiated a number of plans but they went in to the mouth of corruption. Among those who suffered sufficiently in the collapse consisted of young people especially teen age girls who were forced to work hard against a little remuneration. However, the government has now set the minimum wage rate for labors in order to provide them protection and security. The most incurable wound that had been suffered by Bangladeshi government and nation is international slanders. Everybody is reluctant to plan any transaction in future without any concrete prove of compliance of standards. It is important because international trade works to accelerate the economy in wider sense. Because of such defamations and libel, international market is continuously criticizing the role of government and its agencies. A question arises here that if RAJUK did not permit the owner to start the construction, then how it was opened for operation openly. It was an alarming situation for corruption that was enormously based upon corruption and sleaze. Requirement for current time is to ensure a concrete accordance with law and denial to corruption. Change can only be brought if change is given the way to come. Higher authorities and the competent ones must be brought to book for accountability in order to regulate the vulnerable departments. The grief of deceased ones cannot be forgotten but their sacrifice is required to be fruitful and no other incident should be anticipated through sound policy implementation. References Banjo, S. 2013. Before Dhaka Collapse, Some Firms Fled Risk. [online] Available at: http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424127887324766604578458802423873488.html [Accessed: 26 Jul 2013]. Barling, J. and Frone, M. 2004. The psychology of workplace safety. Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association. BBC News. 2013. Dhaka collapse toll passes 1,000. [online] Available at: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-22476774 [Accessed: 26 Jul 2013]. Chellaney, B. 2010. Who's to blame in Bangladesh?. [online] Available at: http://www.japantimes.co.jp/opinion/2013/05/12/editorials/whos-to-blame-in-bangladesh/#.UfHuTI3Qk7Y [Accessed: 26 Jul 2013]. Gomes, W. 2013. Reason and responsibility: the Rana Plaza collapse | openDemocracy. [online] Available at: http://www.opendemocracy.net/opensecurity/william-gomes/reason-and-responsibility-rana-plaza-collapse [Accessed: 26 Jul 2013]. Government of Bangladesh. 2013. Legal Steps for RMG Industry. [report] Dhaka: Government Printing Press. Greenhouse, S. 2013. Retailers Split on Contrition After Collapse of Factories. [online] Available at: http://www.nytimes.com/2013/05/01/world/asia/retailers-split-on-bangladesh-factory-collapse.html?_r=0 [Accessed: 26 Jul 2013]. Infoplease.com. 2013. Bangladesh: Maps, History, Geography, Government, Culture, Facts, Guide & Travel/Holidays/Cities | Infoplease.com. [online] Available at: http://www.infoplease.com/country/bangladesh.html?pageno=5 [Accessed: 26 Jul 2013]. Luckerson, V. 2013. Bangladesh Factory Collapse: Is There Blood on Your Shirt? | TIME.com. [online] Available at: http://business.time.com/2013/05/02/bangladesh-factory-collapse-is-there-blood-on-your-shirt/ [Accessed: 26 Jul 2013]. Mehr, K. 2013. Bangladesh Factory Collapse: Uncertain Future for Rana Plaza Survivors | TIME.com. [online] Available at: http://world.time.com/2013/06/10/bangladesh-factory-collapse-uncertain-future-for-rana-plaza-survivors/ [Accessed: 26 Jul 2013]. Mondy, R., Noe, R. and Gowan, M. 2005. Human resource management. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson Prentice Hall. Odhikar Fact Finding Report. 2013. Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) South Asia. [online] Available at: http://cedawsouthasia.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/Odhikars-Fact-finding-Report-on-the-Rana-Plaza-Collapse.pdf [Accessed: 28 Jul 2013]. Quinn, B. 2013. Retailers compensate Dhaka victims. [online] Available at: http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2013/apr/29/primark-compensation-bangladesh-factory-collapse [Accessed: 26 Jul 2013]. Sgsgroup.com.bd. 2013. Health and Safety. [online] Available at: http://www.sgsgroup.com.bd/en/Health-Safety.aspx [Accessed: 26 Jul 2013]. Singleton, M. 2013. Bangladeshi Clothing Makers' Clients Deny Culpability For Building Collapse. [online] Available at: http://www.ibtimes.com/bangladesh-building-collapse-western-clothiers-deny-responsibility-bangladeshi-factory-tragedy-cite [Accessed: 26 Jul 2013]. The Guardian. 2013. Bangladesh pressed on factory safety. [online] Available at: http://www.guardian.co.uk/global-development/2013/jun/06/bangladesh-garment-industry-scrutiny-factory-collapse [Accessed: 26 Jul 2013]. Read More