Features of Life in Mesopotamia, the Nubian and Egyptians Interaction - Essay Example

Essay One Introduction of technology and innovation by human Technology is defined as the collection of methods, techniques or process used in accomplishment of objectives or production of products. In the past, technology did not exist and human beings were forced to find means in which they can make life simple. People moved long distances in order to deliver message and also work took a lot of time and energy. The use of technology or introduction of technology began by making simple tools from natural resources like trees. Human being found it difficult to carry out daily duties without the use of tools and decided to find means of accomplishing their task without using much energy and time. Tools were made and forms of communication introduced (Dorn Harold and McClellan 43). Causes There are many things which made the early man to introduce technology. First, human being desired to have machines which can work easily and safe time and energy. Due to the desire to safe time and energy in work human being were forced to find means of making and using tools. People also wanted to have high agricultural yield. The desire to increase agricultural yields made human beings to introduce farming tools. Communication problem was another factor which made human beings to find means of using technological devices to improve communication. Message was sent by individuals who could forget. Human beings found means of shortening distance and making communication easier. The use of power of need to capture territories also made armies to use technology in making weapons. The armies were in desire of new weapons in order to win battles over their opponents and become more powerful (Dorn Harold and McClellan 37). How the innovation increased the ability of human in determining destinies The increased information and technology helped people to increase their ability in achieving their objectives in life and determining their destinies. “The technology revolution took different steps. It started with financials agricultural technology revolution which took place in 1600-1740” (Smith, Richard and Marc 4). From the use of technology people could make money by selling the technological devices and also get employment. The technology introduction and innovation led to emergency of industrial revolution which created employment for many people. Innovation has helped people to advance in agriculture and get more yields hence achieving their dread (Dorn Harold and McClellan 60). Reconstruction of life by scholars in early period despite the lack of written records In the past, there was not written materials but scholars have been able to account for life which people lived in the past. The scientist studies the remains of cities and stones and tool and also analyze to check the time period in which the materials was used. From the use of scientific technology, the scholars have been able to identify the study and explain more about the past life or the life which people lived in many centuries ago. There are remains which are collected in certain areas and cave which make the scholars to link the life of early man with the tools or items found in those areas (Dorn Harold and McClellan 45). Essay Two Two important features of life in Mesopotamia Mesopotamia is regarded as the place of Tigris Euphrates River which currently lies in modern Kuwait, Iraq, Turkey, Iran and Syria. People lived in those places practiced agriculture due to availability of water from the rivers. They had access of agricultural resources and this motivated them to practice farming. The people also improved technology and made tools to make work easier. The two features which were important in the life or the people of Mesopotamia are agriculture and technology. Agriculture or farming was the important aspect of the people’s life as they depended on farming for their life. Technology is also another feature of the life in Mesopotamia. People in Mesopotamia practiced scientific innovation which includes mathematics, astronomy, and medicine. Technology was wide spread in the region and people invented different types of metals and tools for cultivation purposes (Sunita 44). Technology One of the important features of Mesopotamia is technology. The people, who lived in Mesopotamia, introduced different forms of technology which included glass, copper working, metal, lamp making, flood control, textile weaving, irrigation and water storage. The Mesopotamia’s people are considered as the first society in the world to invent bronze. “The community developed and sustained their life by use of gold, iron, copper and bronze” (Smith, Richard and Marc 89). They used those metals to decorate their palaces. They used thousands of kilograms in order to decorate and make the palaces beautiful. They made weapons and armors for defense and war. They swords made included spears, daggers, maces and were made from copper iron and bronze. I made a choice of this feature because it was more important to the economy of the people. They were the first people in the world to discover metal tools. The tools were made to make work easy in farms and weapons were used for defense. Technology created employment opportunity as people were employed to decorate palaces. Life was made easy due to technology as people developed irrigation techniques to water their plants (Sunita 45). Agriculture Agriculture is another feature which was important in the Mesopotamia community. People living in Mesopotamia depended on agriculture. Irrigation was carried out in 5,000 BC from Zagros foothills. The people of Mesopotamia depended for agriculture and that is the reason they introduced irrigation in order to sustain their crops during the dry season. Agriculture was simple because people depended on river Tigris and Euphrates for irrigation. There was enough food supply after irrigation and also the rivers provided fishing services. The crops which were planted included grapes, onions, barley, apples and turnips among others. People did fishing from the two rivers and their branches. I selected this feature because it was a daily activity and people sustained their life through agriculture. Agriculture made people to develop because it led to development and establishment of cities along Tigris and Euphrates. Agriculture made people to improve their economy and life style because the area was favorable for farming (Mclntosh 56). Essay Three The Nubian and Egyptians Interaction The Nubians are referred to the groups of people that originated in the current Sudan. Today, they live in Sudan and share cultural and life style aspects with the Egyptians. “The Nubians and Egyptian come from northeastern Africa and shared the same cultural materials” (Smith, Richard and Marc 259). At the late predynastic period the two groups started to differentiate in respect to cultural practices. During this period, people of Egypt, upper Nubia and Lower Nubia varied over time. In the time period between 1550 and 1050 BC Egyptians took part in the war during the new kingdom and conquered the lower and upper Nubia and ended the existence of Kerman state. At this time a policy of acculturation was adopted by lower Nubia. The lower Nubia co-opted the local rules and drew the entire population to Egyptian culture. The upper Nubia did not abandon their entire cultural practices but they were allowed to retain measure of autonomy. At this time the kings of Egyptians were major players and ruled both lower and upper Nubia. Trade made the three groups including Egyptians, upper and lower Nubians to see a need of interacting and having the same ruler. The local rulers in the three regions foresaw the connection between their territories as a key of increasing their power through the control of the production of exported goods (Pavan 30). In respect to trade, the Nubian had to interact with Egyptians because of their rich economy. They had gold, copper and bronze used to manufacture tool and weapons. The gold in which Nubians took to the table of Amun each year could pay 17,000 unskilled and 1,600 skilled workers in Egypt. The copper and bronze possessed by Nubians could also support the economy of Egypt for a long time. Due to insufficient products and metals in Egypt, they had to interact with the Nubians through trade in order to acquire products which they did not have. The interaction was triggered by trade and in the process of trade some of the Nubians men married Egyptians ladies. Intermarriage took place between the two communities and this strengthened their relationship. Need for labor also made the two communities to interact in order to provide services which were not available. After intermarriage the Egyptians acquired services inform of slavery from Nubians (Pavan 34). The interaction made from by the two communities made Nubians to adopt some of the cultural practices from Egypt. Currently, the Nubians are Muslim as they practiced the same religion with Egyptians. The Nubians also adopted farming techniques and system of government from Egypt. Egyptian kingdom was inherited and Nubian adopted the same system of governance. Egyptians also adopted some cultural practices made practiced by the Nubians (Friedman 45). Works Cited Bonnie G. Smith, Richard Glahn V and Marc Mieroop V. Crossroads and Cultures: A History of the Worlds Peoples. Boston: Bedford/St. Martins, 2012. Print. Dorn Harold and McClellan James E. Science and Technology in World History: An Introduction. New York: JHU Press. Friedman Renee F. Egypt and Nubia: Gift of the Desert. California: British Museum Press, 2002. Print. Mclntosh Jane. Ancient Mesopotamia: New Perspective. Boston: ABC-CLIO, 2005. Print. Pavan Toni. Egypt, Nubia and Kush. New York: Benchmark Education Company, 2011. Print. Sunita Apte. Mesopotamia. York: Benchmark Education Company, 2011. Print. Read More