StudentShare
Contact Us
Sign In / Sign Up for FREE
Search
Go to advanced search...

Western civilization.The political theory of John Locke and Jean Jacques Rousseau - Essay Example

Cite this document
Summary
This is a study about the political theory of John Locke and the political theory of Jean Jacques Rousseau. In addition, the study will highlight and discuss how the thinking of Locke and Rousseau fit into the period of Enlightenment…
Download full paper File format: .doc, available for editing
GRAB THE BEST PAPER96% of users find it useful
Western civilization.The political theory of John Locke and Jean Jacques Rousseau
Read Text Preview

Extract of sample "Western civilization.The political theory of John Locke and Jean Jacques Rousseau"

Download file to see previous pages

This is a study about the political theory of John Locke and the political theory of Jean Jacques Rousseau. In addition, the study will highlight and discuss how the thinking of Locke and Rousseau fit into the period of Enlightenment. The study will start with a discussion of the political theory of Locke, followed by a discussion of Rousseau’s political theory, and then end with how their thinking fits into the period of enlightenment. The political theory of John Locke John Locke can be regarded as one of the founding fathers of liberal philosophy, which lays emphasis on limited government and individual rights.

In his arguments about the state of nature, Locke noted that nature is characterized by scarcity of things to eat or wear. Therefore, human beings must work extremely hard to get food to eat and other necessities. Two things happen as a result of this hard work; first, a person survives. Secondly, a person creates property by mixing labor with the natural resources to create food, shelter, and cloth (Bode 4). Locke argued that problems might arise with property since it can be detached from the individual.

In the state of nature, many people may be willing to solve the problem of scarcity by snatching a person’s property. Through this struggle, the idea of government comes into being. Locke hypothesized that men entered the society with the ultimate aim of preserving their property. People sacrifice their freedom in the state of nature and join others in a protective government. God does not choose kings; people invent kings to protect property. On the limitations of government, people have the authority to replace leaders if they fail to perform their duties as expected (Bode 6).

The political theory of Jean Jacques Rousseau Jean Rousseau can be regarded as a significant figure in the development of philosophical thought in the eighteenth century. He was one of the scholars who developed the political theory, which would later influence the age of revolutions, especially the French and American Revolutions. On the nature and society, Rousseau noted that man’s natural state could be more preferred than the civil or social state. In his Discourse on equality, Rousseau argues that man tends to appear as the solitary salvage and lives a carefree life (Qvortrup 76).

In his classical work on political theory, The Social Contract (1762), Jean notes that ‘Man was born free, but is everywhere in chains’. This expressed his belief that the society has corrupted man. He argues that people recognize a general will, which is collective (Qvortrup 78). This general will should represent the common good or the interest of the public. All citizens should take part and show commitment to the general good. This should happen even if it means that people should act against their personal or private interests.

For example, people may support a political party that proposes to impose heavy taxes if they have high income. This would not hurt as the taxation will bring considerable benefits to all persons. To Rousseau, therefore, a loyal citizen should not put their private interests first. He argued that when people do not put their personal interests first, equality and

...Download file to see next pages Read More
Cite this document
  • APA
  • MLA
  • CHICAGO
(“Western civilization.The political theory of John Locke and Jean Essay”, n.d.)
Retrieved from https://studentshare.org/history/1397133-western-civilizationthe-political-theory-of-john-locke-and-jean-jacques-rousseau
(Western civilization.The Political Theory of John Locke and Jean Essay)
https://studentshare.org/history/1397133-western-civilizationthe-political-theory-of-john-locke-and-jean-jacques-rousseau.
“Western civilization.The Political Theory of John Locke and Jean Essay”, n.d. https://studentshare.org/history/1397133-western-civilizationthe-political-theory-of-john-locke-and-jean-jacques-rousseau.
  • Cited: 0 times

CHECK THESE SAMPLES OF Western civilization.The political theory of John Locke and Jean Jacques Rousseau

Notion of Social Contract by J.J. Rousseau

jean jacques rousseau” Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy.... ) jean jacques rousseau (1712-1778), a philosopher in the eighteenth century French sense, was not what would now be called a “philosopher”.... hellip; “Jean-jacques rousseau was born to Isaac Rousseau and Suzanne Bernard in Geneva on June 28, 1712.... Ever since his time, those who considered themselves reformers have been divided into two groups, those who followed him and those who followed john locke, an English...
22 Pages (5500 words) Essay

Human Rights Universalism and its Critics

This was done in part to restrain human passions and actions from harming one another and to defend basic preservation of life, in what jean jacques rousseau categorized as the social contract.... nbsp; What human rights are, in a general and sweeping definition, are to defend people from "severe political, legal and social abuses.... From the dawn of civilization and community, the powers and limits of such powers of the governing body, groups, and individuals have developed throughout the course of human history from being relegated in domestic societies to become more broadened and expanded throughout the entire world in the modern age....
11 Pages (2750 words) Essay

Reason in Historical Concepts of Human Rights

It was not until after the Middle Ages, however that natural law doctrines became closely associated with liberal political theories about natural rights, in Greco-Roman and Medieval times natural law doctrines taught mainly the duties, as distinguished from the rights of man, in addition as evidence can be read in the writing of Aristotle and St.... When resistance to religious intolerance and political-economic bondage began the long transition to liberal notions of freedom and equality, particularly in relation to the use of ownership of property, then were the foundations of what today is called Human Rights truly laid....
10 Pages (2500 words) Essay

Explanation of the Term Jurisprudence and Layers of Interpretation

The historical development of jurisprudence, starting from ancient Greek civilization to modern time is clearly suggestive of the fact that a lot of changes have occurred in the arena of jurisprudential observation regarding society, its transformation and the scope of implementing legal principles within the ever changing scope of social domain....
10 Pages (2500 words) Essay

Writers Role in Society and Protest Literature

hellip; Hence, it is writer, who serves as the guiding star for his nation's journey towards the political, social, religious, economic and cultural uplift, progress, prosperity and development at individual and collective scales by applauding righteous deeds and criticizing the wrong policies, schemes and strategies for the benefit of his community and nation.... Had there been no Montesquieu, rousseau and Voltaire in eighteenth-century France, there could have taken place no astonishing revolution worthy of the exemplary French Revolution of 1789....
9 Pages (2250 words) Term Paper

Can Rousseau plausibly be described as a totalitarian democrat

jean jacques rousseau has been a significant and accepted name that advocated totalitarian democracy.... In addition, jean jacques rousseau has been a prominent name and one of the greatest figures in the history of the French Enlightenment as he was one of the popular French philosophers whose ideas and thoughts persuaded the French Revolution.... In addition, more than just being a philosopher, jean jacques rousseau has also gained a prominent name as an author/novelist, painter, political and educational theorist/philosopher, musicologist, and composer....
9 Pages (2250 words) Essay

The Role of Social Contract in Western Political Theory

Thomas Hobbes, john locke and jean-Jacques Rousseau talk about the social contract because man lived in a State of Nature and the social contract serves as the gateway to the civil society.... With a keen look at the works of jean jacques rousseau, Thomas Hobbes and John Locke, this essay paper intends to give a clear perspective on the role of social contract in western political theory.... The social contract theory by Thomas Hobbes deviated from the above views which were major proponents of theories by john locke and Rousseau hugely influenced by his views on the state of nature (Markfield 2006, p....
7 Pages (1750 words) Essay

Jean Jacques Rousseaus Social Contract

The paper "jean jacques rousseau's Social Contract" discusses that Rousseau held the position that all citizens should be involved in voting for government leaders.... “jean jacques rousseau” Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy.... nbsp; rousseau took the opportunity while his friend was having an epileptic seizure to slip away through the crowd and abandon his traveling mate.... rdquo;  rousseau's mother died only a few days later on July 7 and his only sibling, an older brother, ran away from home when rousseau was still a child....
22 Pages (5500 words) Book Report/Review
sponsored ads
We use cookies to create the best experience for you. Keep on browsing if you are OK with that, or find out how to manage cookies.
Contact Us