Critical Appraisal on Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Infections - Essay Example

Critical Appraisal on Methicillin-resistant Staphylocccus Aureus (MRSA) Infections Student’s Name: Foundation Course: Tutor: Institution Affiliation: Department: Date: Assignment Cover Sheet Student’s Name: Student’s ID: Unit Code: CNA205 Tutor Name: Assignment Title: Research Workbook I declare that all of the materials in the assignment is my own form of work except situations where there is an acknowledgement of the work of others. I have complied and also agreed to the stated University statement that regards Plagiarism and also Academic Integrity on the University website at www.utas.edu.au/plagiarism * Name: Date: *By way of submitting this assignment and also the cover sheet electronically, an individual is actually deemed to have made a declaration as indicated above. Assessor’s comments: Assessment: Assessor’s Signature: Date: Critical Appraisal on Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Infections Abstract MRSA results to a fifth of hospital acquired forms of infections. In some places across the world, some MRSA infections results to an increased number of serious forms of infections. Some attempts to control the spread of MRSA could rely on some factors that include the detection or isolation of the infected patients. Nurses are considered as the key towards the measures’ implementation. This paper is to examine the epidemiology of MRSA. Critical appraisal is viewed as a process that carefully and also systematically involves activities of examining some sort of research in order to judge the value of trustworthiness, relevance, or the total kind of value that is contained within a particular form of context. The process of critical appraisal is vital and can be considered to be a crucial element within the field of evident based medicine. In studies concerning MRSA infections, pediatric patients are not included. The studies normally try to compare health outcomes of the patients who receive anti-MRSA antibacterial with the expected findings. There are some particular forms of steps that are followed during the processes of critical appraisal for any article within the field of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) analysis (BARTLETT, BLACKLOW, & GORBACH, 2004). They include: Formulation of the hypothesis that involves formulation of the questions that are in a format that assists in the processes of interrogation within the medical field, and also hopefully look for a solution. The search for the answers or the evidence, most preferably a pre-appraised form of resource then follows. The other critical step is the thorough appraisal of the acquired results. The final step involves the process of evaluating the new or the amended practice. Introduction The two articles that have been chosen for this analysis include: Article2: Antibacterial as Adjuncts to Incision and drainage for Adults with Purulent Methicillin-Resistant form of Staphylococcus aureus skin infections. Article by Nicholas A. Forcade. Article 5: Why tackling MRSA needs a comprehensive approach. Article by Sarah J Fairclough. Types of Articles The two articles that are chosen above are research papers. In fact, both of them are academic research papers where the authors have developed their original ideas. The articles are also protected from being copied or even being emailed to various sites. The original research papers are also restricted from being posted to any listserv in the absence of written permission of the copyright holders’ express. In the abstracts, the articles are defined as original research works. Section 1: Evaluation of the research articles In studies concerning MRSA infections, pediatric patients are not included. The studies normally try to compare health outcomes of the patients who receive anti-MRSA antibacterial with the expected findings. We consider two forms of scholarly sources that outline some thorough forms of the laboratory as well as clinical aspects that are concerned with the management of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection. It also addresses all the concerned historical features of the entire revolution process. It also covers the aspects of the current problem with its global extension. The key sources to be considered in this appraisal process include article 2 and 5: This part follows the first requirement of a critical form of appraisal. That identifies the hypothetical part of the study. Part A. The key hypothetical questions that are considered within these journal sources include: For sources 1, they include: Which is the key infection control process that can achieve the maximum recognizable results? What is the available type of treatment for those elderly who suffer from MRSA related infections? For source two, they include: What is the available type of treatment for those elderly who suffer from MRSA related infections? What are the necessary clinical presentation processes of MRSA SSTIs? Which is the active and appropriate antibacterial for MRSA? Is there any limitation on the review for the future studies within the field of MRSA? Part B There are some of the key methods that are used within these two sources, to collect data for the raised questions within the scholarly works. For the first source, the key method that is used is the utilization of written questionnaires. In this source, the researcher uses guided questionnaires to identify the top five hospital infections, the actual combined actions that can realize the overall infection control process, and also the key infection control process that can achieve the maximum recognizable results. In the second source (article five), the key method used for data collection is considered to be use of personal interviews. Some of these personal interviews are directed towards the experts within the field of MRSA studies, those who work within the medical fields, the affected population, and the infected persons as well. The same process of personal interviews is also directed towards the researchers who are concerned with the MRSA analysis. Their responses are taken and recorded for further processing that includes sorting and analysis. The use of personal interviews by the second source aims at answering questions like; the active and appropriate antibacterial for MRSA, the limitation on review for the future studies within the field of MRSA, any form of clinical controversy that regards the addressing of the great debate, and the key causes for the increased cases of the rising resistance within the infection control processes. Part C The tabulated results from the two articles rely on response from people who were attended to after suffering from MRSA infections. The respondents provided data like the hospitals they sought assistance from, and the effectiveness of the antibacterial they were using. The chosen data collection method best suits the research works as they achieve the aim of reaching out the concerned people that help answer the hypothetical questions. By way of applying personal interviews as a data collection method, the method looks suitable for the study design as it reaches the different participants, where immediate feedback is obtained. By way of using guided questionnaires, the act of confidentiality is promoted and hence the necessary data can be collected from the participants without violation of their rights, or even without affecting their dignity. Part D The level of evidence that is provided within the two sets of articles can be regarded to as satisfactory. We can see the writer in article 5 even presents the analysis in form of comparable bar graphs that compare infection cases in different states over a specified time period. In response to the hypothetical questions, article five also provides evidence of well tabulated prevalence results in the various hospitals that form the top list in infection rates. These tables also specify the specific type of infection that is MRSA related. The evidence in article two is also excellent in that the writer of the article presents well analyzed information statistics that is even comparable in terms of percentages. The article presents a part of documented research findings for a period of six months using randomized sets of studies. The data is comparable over different periods of time from different regions. There is some satisfactory evidence that is provided within the sources. This thorough way of referencing of the sources explores the laboratory and also the clinical aspects of managing MRSA infection. It addresses the historical forms of features of its own revolution and also the actual extent of the problem that is in existence within the entire globe. The researchers also provide enough evidence on the financial implications of the implied forms of control methods. The article further provides statistical presentation of the effectiveness of the MRSA antibacterial as they were reported from different applicable groups of participants. In efforts towards providing enough evidence of the tabulated results, the articles integrate collection of reports from the patient population, measurements of potential forms of potential confounding variables, and data from the comparator groups. The experts within these sources thoroughly examine the epidemiological facets of the infection, hence the articles critically involves the process of evaluating the new or the amended practice just as it is recommended by the critical appraisal technique of evaluation. They analyze the processes of transmission, failure towards detection of carriers, transient carriage by staff, disc fission, and use of automated systems, hyper beta lactamase production, and also fingerprinting of the chromosomal DNA (ROBINSON, & SPRAYBERRY 2009). Section 2: Relating research to practice According to article five, the writer provides concludes that the article have some sufficient evidence that the use of coordinated approach can be a significant contributor towards the reduction of MRSA related infections. This article concludes that the use of such an approach can assist in reducing the number of MRSA related infections in the elderly when combined with the use of some prudent antibiotic. These health care issues could also be reduced by way of enhancing better forms of quality care. This conclusion provides a solution to the hypothetical questions that predicts that a treatment for the elderly exists, and also provides a clear solution on how to provide reduced infections within hospitals. Enough evidence indicates that use of a coordinated form of approach would assist in the reduction of MRSA related infections. The article also concludes that if all the nurses played their roles as required, the infections in the hospitals would be halved. Article two bases its conclusion on some evidence that is limited to some small and observational case control studies. The article indicates that the most effective form of treatment for the elderly for the elderly is the use of incision and drainage. The research work therefore provides a practical solution for the hypothetical question on whether there exists any treatment for the elderly. The article also provides a practical solution for the reduction of MRSA related infections in hospitals. This is done by way of identifying the adjunctive antibacterial as the most effective form of solution towards the reductions of these infections, hence answers the critical question on the recommended solution that can achieve the infections’ reduction. Conclusion By way of considering the fact that all MRSA infections can easily be translated into more serious types of infections with time, the treatment methods provided by the researchers provide a satisfactory kind of evidence for the required treatment process. By analyzing the key findings of this study using the two sources, all the required clinical questions that are concerned with the treatment for the elderly are considered. List of References Ayi, B. S 2007, MRSA - killer Bug: what one needs to know to protect yourself. Sioux City, IA, lulu.com. Bartlett, J. G., Blacklow, N. R., & Gorbach, S. L 2004, Infectious diseases. Philadelphia, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, pp. 240-242 Cafferkey, M. T 1992, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: clinical management and laboratory aspects. New York, M. Dekker, pp.320-324 Fluit, A. C., & Schmitz, F.-J 2003, MRSA: current perspectives. Norfolk, Caister Academic Press. pp. 45-56 Gaebelein, C. J., & Gleason, B. L 2008, Contemporary drug information: an evidence-based approach, MD, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, pp.443-445 Gates, R. H. (2003). Infectious Disease Secrets, Hanley Belfus, Philadelphia, Elsevier. Gloster, H. M. (2008). Complications in cutaneous surgery, Springer, New York, NY. Gould, I. M., & Meer, J. W. M. V. D 2007, Antibiotic Policies: Fighting Resistance, Springer, New York, NY ,pp. 657-680 Kountakis, S. E., Jacobs, J. B., & Gosepath, J 2008, Revision Sinus Surgery, Springer, Berlin, pp. 125-129 Kunnamo, I 2005, Evidence-based medicine guidelines, Wiley, Chichester. Robinson, N. E., & Sprayberry, K. A 2009, Current Therapy in Equine Medicine. St. Louis, Mo, Saunders Elsevier, pp. 367-388. APPENDIX Part 1from article 2 In studies concerning MRSA infections, pediatric patients are not included. The studies normally try to compare health outcomes of the patients who receive anti-MRSA antibacterial with the expected findings. Critical appraisal is viewed as a process that carefully and also systematically involves activities of examining some sort of research in order to judge the value of trustworthiness, relevance, or the total kind of value that is contained within a particular form of context. The process of critical appraisal is vital and can be considered to be a crucial element within the field of evident based medicine. Part 2 from article 5 MRSA results to a fifth of the hospital acquired forms of infections. In some places across the world, some MRSA infections results to an increased number of serious forms of infections. Some attempts to control the spread of MRSA could rely on some factors that include the detection or isolation of the infected patients. Nurses are considered as the key towards the measures’ implementation. This paper is to examine the epidemiology of MRSA. Read More