The Control of Diet - Case Study Example

Name: Course: Tutor: Date: Abstract There are major concerns on the relationship between diet and some diseases. This is because there are debates that some diets could prevent the emergence of some diseases. This is because, the right diet for a disease supplies the body with various mechanisms for the pathogens that contribute to the growth of the disease in the body. Doctors also state that some diseases emerge due to the changes in the diet. This is because, nowadays, people prefer modernized methods of diet that threatens the disease fighting organisms in the body by making them weak. The other reason why some diseases occur as a result in the change of diet is based on the current techniques of food production. Food production companies use chemicals in the production of food products and some nutrients are obtained through chemical reactions. This means that consumption of such food products lead to the intake of chemicals which might benefit the body by supplying the nutrients but in turn leaving high damage levels to the body through burning and destruction of various organelles within the body. Reports from the World Health Organization show that the change in the production of food from local production to a global production. This leads to the changes in the patterns of diet such as use of high fat levels to produce energy within the body and the provision of low levels of carbohydrates in such food products. This reduces the levels of energy expenditure in the body resulting in sedentary styles of living. People also consume lifestyle times in activities that do not need high levels of body activity in terms of exercises and this in turn makes people’s bodies weak and does not encourage burning of calories within the body Introduction Nutrition currently comes in the fore front when it comes to the issues related to diseases. There are various evidences supporting the claim based on diet changes that have more negative effects to the health of a person than the perceived benefits. There are discussions in the global context on how people should change their diets and styles of living in order to better their lives. Such changes could positively affect the cardiovascular activities by facilitating a positive environment. However, strategies and policies are yet to be put in place that discourage companies from the use of chemicals in supplying nutrients to their products and encouraging people to change their ways of life. Policy makers are only concerned with malnutrition without focusing on safe food for consumption. Diet is related to some diseases in one way or another. With a view on this, this paper addresses the various ways in which diet is related to obesity, fructans, inflammation, and the biomarkers of metabolic pathologies. Discussion Fructan This is a polymer made of molecules of mainly fructose. It occurs in various foods like wheat, asparagus, garlic and onions. Fructans are of various types and these types occur differently in various foods. They are made of the residues of fructose which contain units of sucrose at the parts that would instead act as a reducing terminus in the absence of these sucrose units. The classifications are based on the positions of the molecules of the residues of fructose. The occurrence of the linkages is normally at one of the primary hydroxyl ions and they are of two types. The first one is the 1-linked type where the residues of the fructose residues the other type is the 6-linked that normally has 6 linkages. Others may occur on all the sides of the fructose molecules and are also divided into two, which is the neo-inulin type and the neo-levan type. These ones are more complex than the ones that occur on one side of the molecules (Preedy, Watson & Patel, 2011). Fructan’s main function is the storage of polysaccharides in the stems of some plants. This means that they are edible sources of energy in some food products. Fructans are important when supplied in the diet because they help in the regulation of appetite because they lead in the production of glucagon-like peptide in the large intestines. In addition, people who are prone to diabetes of type A usually reduce chances of contracting the disease when their diets are supplied with foods rich in fructans. Fructans also improve the taste of a food besides adding quality in the nutritional content of a meal (Preedy, Watson & Patel, 2011). Obesity This is a medical complication that arises accumulation of excess fats in the body to the level that the fats become detrimental to the body. Obesity reduces life expectancy and increases the levels of health complications. When the body mass index of a person exceeds 30kg/m2 he/she is considered obese. This condition increases chances of contracting some deseases such as heart diseases, cancer, type 2 diabetes, osteoarthritis among others. It mainly results from taking excess food with high fat levels, lack of physical exercises, and endocrine disorders (Stern & Kazaks, 2009). The change of diet plays a major role in the control of obesity. Medical practitioners have come up with some recommendations for people suffering from obese and these recommendations actually control the condition. Such people are recommended to take a lot of vegetables that are of different types besides taking fruits. This supplies the body with various chemicals that help in the breakdown of fats into energy and also supplies the body with fibers. Other foods that such people are advised to take include milk products such as yoghurt and cheese because they also help in the breakdown of fats. Physical exercises are also helpful in obesity cases because they contribute burning of calories. Taking plenty of water also helps in body metabolism (Stern & Kazaks, 2009). There are some activities taken by health departments aimed at reducing obesity levels that is on the rise especially in the developed countries. They organize forums and other social programs that educate people on various ways of dealing with obesity and how the unaffected people can reduce chances of developing the complication (Stern & Kazaks, 2009). Health departments practice restriction mechanisms to that limit the diets taken by the people suffering from the complication. Inflammation This is a medical complication that results from the response of the body in case there are pathogens, damaged cells or other organisms within the body that may irritate the body organs. The inflammation has some signs that include the loss of function of the affected body part, swelling, pain and redness. This is not a medical complication as such but rather a mechanism of body immunity which is innate. It differs from adaptive immunity in that it signals a person that there are some stimuli in the body that need to be eliminated (Serhan, Ward & Gilroy, 2010). The major aspects of inflammation are the microbial products which include endotoxin that act as pathways for signaling the body on the presence of pathogens within the hepatocytes, which can be directly or indirectly through the stimulation of proinflammatory cytokines that reduce the flow of bile in the endometrium. This results to the suppressed countenance in the level of activity of nuclear transcriptional controllers. This leads to the inflammation of the area where the pathogens are present (Serhan, Ward & Gilroy, 2010). The liver is the key organ that controls the inflammation in some organs because the various actors are interwoven in it. There are some diets which control inflammation of organs. This helps in the reduction of some illnesses that result from the inflammation of body organs and tissues. Exercise is part of diet that people prone to inflammation should incorporate in their daily activities. Exercise increases the rate of metabolism in the body and in turn leads to the elimination of some toxins (Serhan, Ward & Gilroy, 2010). The general diet tips for inflammation include the intake of fresh foods that do not have toxins that may lead to inflammation, reduction of the consumption of fast foods and eating of fruits and vegetables that supply the body with elements that fight toxins within the body. The biomarkers of metabolic pathologies The body responds to various pathogens through inflammation. Obesity is connected to inflammation in that because when the fats reach high levels, they produce pathogens to the body in various ways. With obese people, the chemical mediators in the fats change their dynamic causing a decline in their states. Fats within the body of the obese people usually become resistant to insulin as their levels progress. As a result, the body may treat those fats as pathogens because they tend to thwart the action of the hormone leading to an inflation. In addition, the presence of high fat levels also affect the normal functioning of leptin, which regulates metabolism in the body. The body may therefore treat this hormone as a pathogen leading to inflammation. Having high fat levels also lead to the release of Resistin hormone that makes the body resist insulin. This may in turn lead to inflammation (Serhan, Ward & Gilroy, 2010). A study conducted to investigate the effect of weight loss to obese people showed that weight loss leads to development of makers of inflammation. Thus, the intervention on obesity and inflammation is commitment to weight loss. This helps in the reduction of fat levels that thwarts the functioning of insulin and lepatin. It also prevents the release of resistin and thus it prevents inflammation. In addition, weight loss comes from exercises and this may increase the rate of metabolism in the body that leads to the elimination of toxins that result to inflammation. The result from the intervention shows that it is effective (Garanty-Bogacka & Syrenicz, 2011). The researchers have proven that this intervention discourages inflammatory pathogens while encouraging metabolism. Conclusion The control of diet proves to be a major step in the avoidance of various diseases. Thus, policy makers should be aimed at monitoring the production process of foods to ensure that they do not contain toxins or any other pathogen that may result to some complications in the body. In addition, medical practitioners should encourage people to do exercises because it helps in maintenance of metabolism that prevents chronic diseases. Thus, controlled diet and exercises helps in keeping the body healthy. References GARANTY-BOGACKA B, SYRENICZ M (2011). Changes in Inflammatory Biomakers after Successful Lifestyle Intervention in Obese Children. Endokrynol Pol. 62(6):499-505. Available at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22144215 PREEDY, V., WATSON, R. R., & PATEL, V. B. (2011). Flour and Breads and their Fortification in Health and Disease Prevention. Burlington, Elsevier Science. http://public.eblib.com/EBLPublic/PublicView.do?ptiID=625340. SERHAN, C. N., WARD, P. A., & GILROY, D. W. (2010). Fundamentals of Inflammation. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. STERN, J. S., & KAZAKS, A. (2009). Obesity: a Reference Handbook. Santa Barbara, Calif, ABC-CLIO. Read More