Overview of International Reproduction Health Issues - Research Paper Example

Overview of International Reproduction Health Issues Overview of International Reproduction Health Issues International ReproductionHealth Issues The state of full bodily, psychological, and social fitness is reproductive health, and not just the lack of reproductive illnesses or unhealthiness (Fathalla, Sinding, Rosenfield, & Fathalla, 2006). Reproductive health tackles the reproductive processes, roles, and system at all development stages. This means people can enjoy a fulfilling and healthy sex life, the ability to reproduce, the right to choose whether and when, and the frequency of engaging in productive activities. For a person to assure a sexually and reproductively healthy life, he or she requires access to correct information and a safe, proficient, reasonable, and satisfactory method of contraception. Members of all communities have to be aware that empowerment protects them from STIs. When potential parents choose to settle down and raise a family, women should have access to services that can aid them in delivering healthily and a healthy child as well. Internationally, reproductive health issues vary because of different social, economic, and medical demographics. UNFPA argues that all human beings have a right to decide on their own sexual activity and reproductive wellbeing (Look, Heggenhougen, ‎and Quah, 2011). Along with other health and welfare organizations, UNFPA strives to realize the purpose of worldwide exercising of rights to reproductive wellbeing and services, as well as family planning. These organizations believe reproductive health reflects the health of an individual and community right from childhood, and important through adolescence ad adulthood. This reflection is a platform for accomplishing health past the fertile ages for both sexes, and determines the health of the coming generation. Reproductive health issues are more common and dismal in the developing world than in developed nations (Look, Heggenhougen, ‎and Quah). Data According to Amnesty International, a woman passes away one and a half minutes during child delivery. This statistic interprets to over 350,000 women yearly worldwide. A big portion of this mortality is avoidable (Fathalla et al.). Sexism drives illiteracy about childbirth or inaccessibility to qualified midwives for the care of expectant women and assisted childbirth. The health consequences for numerous women and female adolescents in the developing world are bleak. Amnesty International further estimates a mortality rate of 290,000 women yearly from expectancy-related causes that mostly happen in developing countries. An extra 222 million women sought to push forward pregnancy or resort to abortion without using proficient contraceptives (Day-Stirk, 2014). Adolescents aged between 15 and 24 make up 47% of the overall population in developing nations (Targeted News Service, 2013). Teenage girls in impoverished communities deal with obstacle such as early pregnancy and marriage that obstruct their capacity to make healthy developmental transitions into adulthood, frequently with tragic effects. Pregnancy or delivery complications are commonly among the leading causes of death for teenagers aged between 15 and 19 years in developing nations (Look, Heggenhougen, ‎and Quah). Many nations acknowledge that sound population and development guidelines rely on refining the status of the female gender, and advancing and securing their rights. This creates a wide international agreement surrounding aims to offer worldwide education, especially for adolescent girls and women. This consensus further includes making sure both genders have equal access to reproductive and sexual healthcare, and vesting women through unbiased social and economic growth. In 2014, WHO reported nearly 800 women who died from expectancy and delivery complications daily in 2013 (Day-Stirk, 2014). A majority of this mortality rate took place in low-resource environs that could have been improved and prevent the deaths. The main causes of this mortality is bleeding, hypertension, infections, and unintended causes, largely caused by interaction between prior health problems and expectancy. The possibility of a woman in a developing nation passing away from a maternal-related condition in the course of her life is an estimated 23 times more than for a woman from a developed nation (Look, Heggenhougen, ‎and Quah). This statistic shows that international reproductive health is a health sign that demonstrates extremely broad gaps between the wealthy and poor, metropolitan and remote regions, and between nations and inside them. The CDC filed a report in 2012 with the data acquired from 451 fertility facilities that showed and verified information about the effects of all ART cycles began at these facilities. The total number cycles was 163,039, which led to 47,818 live deliveries and 61,610 babies (Day-Stirk, 2014). The CDC information provided by United States fertility facilities that employ ART methods to treat barrenness. These clinics formed a rich source of data regarding the aspects that attributed to an efficient ART therapy system, which was the birth of a live-born baby. Women and children make up 75% of a majority of immigrant populations, which 30% are teenagers. Out of this demographic, 25% are mature enough to reproduce (Targeted News Service, 2013). In addition, 20% of women during their fertile ages are expectant, including immigrants and internally displaced communities. Over 200 million women who want to and or broaden their expectancies do not have the resources to do so successfully. Possibility of women passing away from expectancy and delivery in the developing world is 1 in 48 (Fathalla et al., 2006). Support Data from these organizations clearly show that reproductive health is far more special to women than it is for men (Look, Heggenhougen, ‎and Quah). Even though reproductive health is a worldwide concern, men face far more risks during their productive edges than men. Amnesty International, World Health Organization, and the CDC focus on reproductive health issues and the mortality of women since they consider them at more risk of reproductive health issues than men are (Targeted News Service). Men too face reproductive health risks although the overall health is influenced by reproductive health to a lesser degree than women are. Irrespective of this difference, men have specific roles and duties in relation to women’s reproductive health due to their decision-making roles in reproductive and sexual health issues. Supporting initiatives designed to help people deal with different problems they encounter at different stages of their lives is necessary (Look, Heggenhougen, ‎and Quah). This is the reason organizations such as UNFPA embarks on programs with objectives such as assuring holistic sexuality education, family planning, motherhood and healthy childbirth care, facilities that help hinder STIs, and services foster early detection and treatment of reproductive diseases (Fathalla et al.). These efforts show that reproductive health is a lifetime cycle that requires a lifetime approach to assure it and prevent future risks. To make sure productive health programs are throughout a person’s lifespan, services across a range of industries ought to be supported. These industries range from health and academia to transportation infrastructure that are necessary to assure accessibility to healthcare and services facilities. The availability of economic and relevant health facilities, and correct, all-inclusive health data are primary civil rights (Targeted News Service). However, sexist discrimination, inaccessibility to education, impoverishment, and violence against women and teenage girls can all obstruct these rights from being exercised. These factors are problematic in that they frequently cause serious consequences in the sense that they end up the realization of reproductive and sexual health liberties and healthy motherhood. These facilities and services should also consider men and women’s cultural backgrounds. Both genders should enjoy healthcare services for reproductive and sexual health without sexist discrimination. Healthcare that caters to a woman’s specific needs is especially better. Lastly, sexual and reproductive independence is another just as important front in the fight for women’s rights to reproductive health across the world (Targeted News Service). Active and in parliament is often repressed and intimidating and violent ways in the developing world. For instance, women diagnosed with HIV or from a certain ethnic group can be coerced into sterilization or virginity tests. Analysis and Midwifery Application The relationship between sexes, social and economic demographics, and reproductive health are complicated. Yet, discriminations that rob women their liberties and opportunities apparently affect population demographics like marriage arrangements, age, fertility rates, and sex constructs (Targeted News Service). Gender differences also influence sexual and reproductive health since economically and socially lacking women are less probable to enjoy health facilities and information, discuss healthier sex, and implement self-defined reproductive decisions (Day-Stirk, 2014). The same considerations are applicable in the creation of priorities for measures in reproductive health. Standards for identifying priority issues must involves commonness, seriousness, civic concern, government devotion, effect on average households, and community development. Reproductive health is important to midwives because their jobs concern with the health of expectant or delivering women (Look, Heggenhougen, ‎and Quah, 2011). The physical wellbeing of delivering mothers is a vital element of sexual and reproductive health and liberties. Efforts by UNICEF have been active in advancing proper approaches and programming interventions in the domain of reproductive health, particularly healthy antenatal care, family planning, and protection against STIs (Fathalla et al., 2006). Such dynamism by nongovernmental organizations shows the emphasis on community contributions to making midwifery useful. Safeguarding potential and delivering mothers against STIs assures their reproductive health and makes work for midwives simpler. In the process, midwives get to demonstrate to other mothers the importance of reproductive health to pregnancy and motherhood. Raising emphasis on international reproductive health matters is the role of nurses and midwives. This role involves the teaching of life-saving skills, maternal and infant care, pre and antenatal therapy diagnosis and curing or prevention of reproductive system illnesses, and family planning (Day-Stirk, 2014). The emphasis is centered on encouraging connections with health industries of international communities, helping women’s associations in applying relevant knowledge, communication attempts, education, and in building funding solutions for buying healthcare (Look, Heggenhougen, ‎and Quah). Including midwifery committees that act to observe progress toward lowering maternal death rates, justifying clinical practices, and rallying political and societal devotion to women’s health can be helpful towards establishing reproductive and sexual health internationally (Targeted News Service, 2013). Healthy delivery significantly applies to midwives as it makes up a major part of their job description and its relationship with reproductive health. Midwives who are able to deliver safely on site help in the prevailing of improved sexual and reproductive health. Being proficient in exercising safe delivery enables midwives to formulate appointment systems and improve access to emergency services (Fathalla et al., 2006). Midwives working in pregnancy care interventions can assume community-level participation through conventional birth attendances or serving as community-founded midwives. Wider knowledge in reproductive health solicits cleaner and safer environment for childbirth, allows for skilled assistance during delivery and postnatal care, and acknowledging, overseeing, and noticing complications promptly. In conclusion, international reproductive health reflects the concerns of many communities regarding the independence and roles of men and women before, during, and the production. Optimizing reproductive health is the role of governments, private and public organizations, non-governmental organizations, and individuals. The relationships between gender, population, and reproductive health are complicated because of differing demographics. Inequalities in the developing world rather women of their rights and opportunities to learn about their reproductive systems and ways to improve their health. These inequalities are accountable for the high mortality rate amongst expectant and delivering women in developing countries. Midwives can play strengthen international reproductive health by spreading knowledge about maternal health, methods of safe delivery, and assisting in programs that improve access to reproductive health facilities in different countries or communities. References Day-Stirk, F. (2014). Delivering the evidence to improve the health of women and newborns: State of the World’s Midwifery, report 2014. Reproductive health volume 11(89), pp. 4 Fathalla, M. F., Sinding, S. W., Rosenfield, A., & Fathalla, M. M. F. (2006). Sexual and reproductive health 6: Sexual and reproductive health for all: A call for action. The Lancet, 368(9552), 2095-100. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/199065281?accountid=130301 International perspectives on sexual and reproductive health volume 39, issue 3, now available. (2013, Oct 15). Targeted News Service Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/1442112980?accountid=35812 International perspectives on sexual and reproductive health volume 39, issue 4, now available online. (2014, Jan 06). Targeted News Service Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/1475042426?accountid=35812 Look, P. F. A., ‎ Heggenhougen, ‎K., and Quah, S. R. (2011). Sexual and Reproductive Health: A Public Health Perspective. New York: Academic Press. Read More