Hildegard Peplau - Theory of Interpersonal Relations - Research Paper Example

Relationship Between Theory & Practice Affiliation with more information about affiliation, research grants, conflict of interest and how to contact. Relationship Between Theory & Practice Hildegard Peplau - Theory of Interpersonal Relations: Patients in the present health scenario are addressed as consumers. Consumers are referred to someone who buys a commodity. In the similar sense, the patient visualizes himself as a consumer who purchases health services. It is for the reason that the patient has certain rights; the quality of health care delivered is always a matter of concern (Prakash, 2010). Over the last few years, the roles of nurses have climbed up the ladder helping nurses to adopt some of the roles that were exclusively undertaken by doctors. So there must be strong interpersonal relationship must be maintained by the nurses. Nursing theory that fit to the nursing practices is the Hildegard Peplau - Theory of interpersonal relations. “According to Peplau, nursing is therapeutic in that it is a healing art, assisting an individual who is sick or in need of health care” (Peplau, 2011). To speak to the issue of meeting the necessitate of patients in the community and rural settings the final advanced nursing responsibility –Nurse Practitioner (NP) or Advanced Nurse Practitioner (ANP) was established. And in the current health circumstances the nurse practitioner role has considerably spread around the earth. In this theory of Hildegard Peplau interpersonal relations, Dr. Peplau highlighted relationship between nurse and client as the base of nursing practice. The core of Hildegard Peplaus theories is the formation of a collective experience. Nurses, she thought, could assist this all the way through inspection, description, formulation, understanding, validation, and involvement. For example, as the nurse pay attentions to her patients she or he builds up a common impression of the clients circumstances. The nurse then authenticates his or her inferences by examining with the patient for accuracy. The outcome may be experiential learning, enhanced coping policies, and personal development for both parties. Demographic Data Relating to Theory: The advanced nursing roles could facilitate in heath promotion, disease avoidance, and alteration of risk factors and in adopting evidenced-based practice. Professional sovereignty for nurses is a chief cornerstone for exceptional independent practice. Autonomy facilitates nurses in running and developing new services in both sharp and primary care. The freedom to create decisions and act on the service requirements of clients is defined as autonomy for nurses. Professional autonomy often go beyond standard practice in the course of evidenced based practice and also calls for being answerable for ones actions or decisions. Demographic data describing the current overview relating to the nurse-patient is consisting of size, density, distribution, and vital statistics including, socioeconomic, cultural, educational, and language variations in your population” as well as health issues and diagnoses etc. “Demography represents a fundamental approach to the understanding of human society. Its primary tasks are to ascertain the number of people in a given area, to determine what change that number represents from a previous census, to explain the change, and to estimate the future trends of population changes” (Demography, 2011). Size of the study consists of 50 nurses and 100 patients. This size helps to identify the interpersonal relations of nurse and clients. Various methods of distribution of nursing care are used to identify the relationship of theory and practices of Hildegard Peplau - Theory of interpersonal relations. Each of these distribution scheme used provide better understanding of theory and practices. Socioeconomic, cultural, educational, and language of the patients are different from each other so the better understanding of these areas is necessary to maintain good nurse-client relationship. Hildegard Peplau - Theory of interpersonal relations id the one of the best theory that will fit to the theory and practices of nurse and client. Roles of the Nurse: Hildegard Peplau’s theory includes six primary nursing roles they are teacher, stranger, resource manager, surrogate, leader and counselor. When the nurse primary meets the patient, he has to defeat the distance between them. “The nurse may function as a resource person, providing specific answers to questions usually formulated with relation to a larger Problem” (Lakeman, 1989, p. 3). As a teacher, she has to move significant information to the patient, particularly for long-term care. The nurse, as the resource manager, should assign the often scarce medical resources efficiently. She guiding the patient and has to at times stand in for the patient. Lastly, he should direct the team in bringing goal setting and initiative to the table. The secondary roles of nursing include researcher, tutor, safety manager and technical expert. Whereas significant, the nurse spends less time in these roles. When she is self-aware, she remarks her own patterns of behavior, acts to resolve interpersonal troubles, and better interacts with the patient. Able to give education and therapy, the nurse improves the outcomes of the patients care. How this theory best fit to the nursing practices? Interpersonal capabilities of nurses are key to supporting patients in the work essential for recovering well-being and health. Hildegard Peplau - Theory of interpersonal relations is complete, and various examples are provided, which happen in growing nurse-patient relationships, together with related issues .Yassin et al (2007) recognized three main indicators for efficacy of a healthcare service. These consist of 1) Quality of life recognized in terms of life satisfaction, capability to carry out activities of daily living, psycho-social wellbeing, control of indications and fulfillment. 2) Utilization of services recognized in terms of number of visits to the hospital, extent of stay and rehospitalization. These may be also examined in financial terms of expense of a care delivered.3) Patient satisfaction. Patient satisfaction is mainly achieved in the course of patient participating in his care and being capable to take decisions. Patient involvement has been described as collective aims as well as desires among the care receiver and the care giver. It is also supposed that patient participation is twofold. The participating partners should have a common understanding and should respect each other’s contribution. Hildegard Peplau - Theory of interpersonal relations helps to develop the interpersonal relationship of nurses and the patients. So that this theory is best fit to the practice. According to this theory the founder develop the seven roles all these roles demonstrates the dynamic nature roles typical to clinical nursing. All these roles help to the better understanding of clients and the patients. “Peplaus theory of interpersonal relations provides a useful framework for investigating clinical phenomena and guiding nurses actions. While the case data are encouraging, it is suggested that there is a need to test the clinical effectiveness of Peplaus concepts by utilizing experimental research designs” (Mr. Gadget, n.d.). This theory includes relationship and communication ideas from theory of Harry Stack Sullivan’s Interpersonal. Through this Hildegard Peplau interpersonal relations theory, nurses assist and evaluate people to: (a) accomplish healthy levels of concern interpersonally and (b) help healthy pattern incorporations interpersonally, by way of the overall aim of fostering welfare, health, and growth. This relation also offers the context for the nurse to expand, apply, and assess theory-based information for nursing care. This theory based information helps to best fit for the theory and practice of the nursing. Interpersonal capabilities of nurses, analytical ability, and the theoretical information in addition to characteristics of patient and requirements are well significant dimensions in the procedure and outcomes of the nurse-patient relationship. This is the most significant element required for the good relationship between nursing practices and theory. Nurses are developing their abilities beyond the recognition of abnormalities and are moving in the directions of being more independent in diagnosing and managing disease situation. Peplau’s theory also has offered a continuing educational base for teaching the nurse-patient relations as an essential nursing procedure in all contexts of practice. “A common philosophy underlying all nursing curricular is a belief in the value of a therapeutic nurse patient relationship that promotes active participation of patients in their health care. Peplau’s theoretical work has also promoted a paradigm of professionalization and empowerment for educating nurse for the 21st century” (Mr. Gadget, n.d., para. 9). Metaparadigms of Nursing: Metaparadigms of nursing will deal with the definition of Peplaus interpersonal relations model as it associates to the met example of the discipline of nursing. These ideas are the vision of the person, nursing, health and the environment. Person: Peplaus model explains the person as a system including the components of the psychological, physiological, and social spheres. The model views the person as being an unbalanced system where balance is a desirable state, other than happens only through death. “This is supported by Peplaus statement that "man is an organism that lives in an unstable equilibrium (i.e., physiological, psychological, and social fluidity) and life is the process of striving in the direction of stable equilibrium, i.e., a fixed pattern that is never reached except in death” (A Comparison of the Peplau Interpersonal Relations Model and the Neuman Health Care Systems Models Applied to a Clinical Situation, n.d.). Nursing: Although Hildegard Peplau’s theory was first founded in 1952, her opinions on nursing were rather progressive for the stage and have relevance to nursing practice nowadays. Hildegard Peplau’s stated that the objectives of nursing are presently in transition, its main concerns 50 years ago had to do with getting ill people healthy; nowadays, nursing is more concerned with ways for assisting people to stay healthy. As nurses happen to more focused and interested on health promotion as opposed to giving care for only those that are sick, this report holds specific relevance. The theory views nursing in two methods. First of all, nursing is educative. And secondly, nursing is therapeutic. With these two functions jointed, they permit clients and nurses to expand abilities for problem solving. This method of therapeutic and education interaction happens only within the connection of the client and the nurse. Health: Hildegard Peplau didnt contain an exact meaning of health within her theory. Peplau viewed health as a word sign that implied forward movement of character and other continuing human processes in the way of constructive, creative, productive community living and, personal. Further, she explained what she saw as being two essential and interacting situations for a person to experience health. These situations contained the physiological demands of the interpersonal needs and human organism, which are social and personal and meet the behavior needs of the person, which permits for appearance of these abilities in a creative and helpful way. Environment: Within the idea of the environment, Hildegard Peplaus Interpersonal dealings Model sharply are different from other models pertaining to nursing. The theory views the environment as being and happening in the condition of the nurse client relationship. The interpersonal concentrate of the theory on this association is unique as it measures not only the customer, but also the self-reflection of the nurse in the situation of the continuing association among the nurse and the client. This interpersonal connection among the nurse and the customer as explained by Hildegard Peplau has four clearly visible stages. These stages are identification, orientation, resolution and exploitation. Each of these stages are seen as being connecting and requiring overlapping functions and roles as the nurse and the customer learn to work jointly to resolve problems concerning health troubles. During the orientation stage of the relationship, the nurse and client come together as strangers meeting for the first time. Throughout this stage, the growth of empowerment and trust of the customer are primary considerations. An important part during orientation as explained by Hildegard Peplau is the patient wants to understand and recognize his difficulty and the degree of require for help. This is best attained by encouraging the customer to contribute in recognizing the difficulty and allowing the customer to be a dynamic participant in what is of anxiety to them. Hildegard Peplau stated that ‘such orientation is necessary to full contribution and to full assimilation of the sickness event into the stream of life experiences of the patient. Conclusion: Hildegard Peplau’s theory concentrates on the interpersonal processes and therapeutic association that develops among the client and nurse. The interpersonal concentrates of Hildegard Peplau’s theory needs that the nurse attends to the interpersonal methods that happen between the client and nurse. Interpersonal method is growing force for personality. Interpersonal processes contain the communication, nurse- client relationship, and the roles of the nurse and pattern integration. The psychodynamic nursing is being able to recognize one’s own actions to assist others identify felt difficulties and to be relevant values of human relations to the troubles that occur at all stages of experience. This theory highlights the significance of nurses’ ability to recognize own behavior to help others identify perceived difficulties. Reference List A Comparison of the Peplau Interpersonal Relations Model and the Neuman Health Care Systems Models Applied to a Clinical Situation, (n.d.). Amity University. Retrieved Oct. 25, 2011, from http://psychnursing.tripod.com/peplauneuman.html Demography, (2011). Farlex, Inc. Retrieved Oct. 25, 2011, from http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Demography Lakeman, R. (1989). Remembering Hidegard Peplau. Print. Retrieved Oct. 25, 2011, from http://www.testandcalc.com/richard/resources/remembering%20peplau%20-%20vision%20-%20lakeman.pdf Mr. Gadget, (n.d). Interpersonal Theory in Nursing Practice. Hubpages. Retrieved Oct. 25, 2011, from http://mr-gadget.hubpages.com/hub/HILDEGARD-PEPLAUES-INTERPERSONAL-THOERY-IN-NURSING-PRACTICE Peplau, H. E. (2011). Theory of Interpersonal Relations. Nursing Theories. Retrieved Oct. 25, 2011, from http://currentnursing.com/nursing_theory/interpersonal_theory.html Read More