The Impact on the Home Economics Movement - Assignment Example

Part Identify Choose ten people from a given list to identify and explain their impact on the home economics movement Mary Lyon Mary Mason Lyon, born in 1977 near Buckland, Massachusetts pioneered higher education for women in the United States. She supported herself from the age of 17 by teaching. She achieved success as an administrator and teacher, and the demand for the young women she had trained, led to her plan for a permanent institution for women to be taught. In 1837, she founded Mount Holyoke Female Seminary, in South Hadley, Massachusetts. Mary died in 1849. 2) Catharine Beecher Born in 1800 in East Hampton, New York, Catharine Beecher dedicated her life to cause of the education of women, in the belief that women were responsible for moral and educational development of the next generation. Beecher wrote one of the first texts in home economics, namely, A Treatise on Domestic Economy (1841) and The Domestic Receipt Book (1846). Her definition of essential household knowledge included maintenance of good health. 3) Booker T. Washington Booker Taliaferro Washington was an African American educator of the 19th and early 20th centuries. He had a major influence on the black public affairs till his dealth in 1915. In 1881 he founded Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute, making it the best supported black educational institution in the U.S by 1900. He cemented his influence by his famous autobiography, Up From Slavery (1901), his celebrated dinner at Whitehouse, found the National Negro Business League and as the chief black advisor of presidents William Howard Taft and Theodore Roosevelt. 4) Juliet Corson Juliet Corson was a pioneer in cookery education. She was born in 1841 and died on 1897. Corson set up the first fully equipped cooking school in the US in 1975. She did this in the belief that every woman should be able to understand how to manage a kitchen whether she did her cooking. She wrote numerous books on cooking. Her first was, The cooking Manual of Practical Directions for Economical Everyday Cookery. 5) Maria Parloa Known as one of the founders of the science of Home Economics, Maria was the founder of Bethel Public Library. She was born in Massachusetts in 1843. She was orphaned early and started cooking in homes and career. She published her first book in 1872, named The Appledore Cook Book. She published camp cookery in 1878. 6) Sarah Rorer Sarah Rorer, fondly known as Sallie was born in 1849 in Pennsylvania. Over the course of her life she worked as an editor, magazine columnist, and cookbook author. Her work has a focus on food and the body, especially the malnourished. She is best known for her collections: Mrs. Rorer’s New Cook Book. 7) Eliza A. Barker Eliza Barker was born in 1841 in Surrey Southward. He lives in Gravesend and Kent of a while. As a pioneer of the movement of home economics, Eliza did a lot for the field of health. 8) Isabel Bevier Isabel Bevier became part of the domestic science movement but was committed to its goals and philosophy. Her accomplishment in home economics became more known at a time when this field was virtually unknown. 9) Ellen Richards Ellen Swallow Richards is said to be the first woman to be admitted to MIT, where she received her bachelor’s degree. She appealed to the Women’s Education Association to help in establishment of a laboratory at MIT for the instruction of women. In 1976 she opened Women’s Laboratory with Professor Ordway. She spent most of her life as an instructor in sanitary chemistry at MIT. Part 2 Essay Question 1 Concepts of home and family have been central to progress in Home Economics /FCS. Explain how what we do (our professions focus) has changed or evolved overtime (20 points) The concepts of home and family comprise key components of home economics for a very long time. When home economics programs began to take shape in US economic and social climate was considered dull. To achieve sustainable and optimal living for individuals and community home economics draws from a range of other disciplines. While the historical contexts revolved around home and family, this extended in the 21st century to include wider environments in terms of choices, capacities, and individual priorities. Margaret Justin the 1929 president of AHEA said that there were two camps or movements in home economics in the US Western (land grant univ) and Eastern. Explain what she meant by this (20 Points) What Margaret Justin meant by this was that there were the land-granted universities as a result of the Morril Act of1862 and the eastern which did not have land to be evaluated as soon as possible. The Act set aside land that was used to develop institution of higher learning with a focus on home economics or family and consumer sciences, as the field was known then. Due to this the US Western was more developed and ahead of the Eastern part in the field of home economics. The Eastern was the opposite of what happened in the Western United States. There were very few institutions of higher learning since no land to build the learning facilities was granted. Question 3 What is the Lake Placid conference and why was it important (5 points) Lake Placid conferences were a series of annual conferences held between 1899 and 1909. It is through this that the family and consumer sciences grew. The conferences were important. For instance, the firs conference’s objective was to discuss ways of alleviating conditions in the home and reducing the struggles faced by the family lives in the US at the time. These conferences were very important for the formation of the American Home Economics Association (AHEA) in 1909. Question 4 Define and explain the importance of the Scottsdale conference (5 points) This was a professional summit held in Scottsdale, Arizona in 1993. It brought together the National Association of Extension Home Economists, part of American Vocations Association and the Council of Administrators of Home Economics. At this conference, the attendee organizations decided to change the disciplines name from home economics to family and consumer services (FCS). In 1997, national standards for middle and high schools were developed and adopted, focusing on process, content and competencies. Question 5 Give examples of how the US government has supported the home economics movement and why they have been important (10 Points) The US government has supported the home economics movement in a number of ways. For instance, it put legislations that allowed training in health economics. In 1862, the Morrill Act, meant to increase the number of land-grant colleges was passed in 1862. Before this, higher education was meant to promote young men for careers in medicine and law. The Smith-Hughes Act provided supports for training of teachers in health economics. Read More