Health and Safety Risks and Mitigation Measures - Essay Example

Scheduling of work activities, especially water-based, around tide timetablesWeather changes, causing flash floods.Real-time updates of weather systems upriver.Plant and equipment usageQualified people, with good equipment, and managed / monitored activities.Lack of monitoring on-site.A constantly update monitoring plan with the CDM coordinator, and all contractorsDiseasesSalmonellaHepatitisE-coliCryptosporidiosisLeptospirosisLegionnaire's diseaseH & S plan including good sanitary and welfare facilities.

Access to emergency medical services and evacuation.Environmental Impact risksEnvironmental audit before and during work.Other users of the waterwayClear demarcation of the worksite and prior intimation of local authorities of any disruptions to normal life along the waterway.Project stage-specific Health and Safety risks and mitigation measures.SITE CLEARING AND PREPARATIONHeave cutting and other logging equipment.Suitable plant and machinery.Earthmoving EquipmentStaff training and detailed plan of action for all equipment.

Existing utility services in groundIdentification and diversion to reduce downtime in case of critical utilities to surrounding areas.Creation of topsoil storageDemarcation of areas to store and replace after completion.DeforestationPreparation of plant nursery to replenish destroyed/killed plants to maintain ecological value to the site.EXCAVATIONLateral water flow into excavationsPit lining and formwork strengthening.Groundwater flowing into excavated foundations. Flooding of the worksite.Design of foundations and formwork to resist inward pressure.

Safety lines for workers working in pits.Instability caused due to soft soil, causing mudslidesEdge strengthening and fencing. Safety officer to put up warning notices.Liquefaction of soil caused by earthmoving equipment, causing embankment and trench failureClear demarcation of areas where earthmovers can move. Strengthening of ground and testing before moving equipment to a new location on site.Fall due to insufficient marking, fencing or lighting of the siteIrregular settlementCONCRETE WORKSound and noise from the construction siteStrict monitoring of sound levels and choice of low-sound motors and equipment.

Environmental impact due to heavy equipment and trucks.Detailed EIA of the project to reduce risks for the environment.Falling and injury due to working at height over water. (Specific to footbridge)Qualified riggers and crane operators, with harnesses, etc for all workers.Instability of reinforcement formworkChecking fo formwork by engineer before pours. Detailed formwork and shuttering drawings from engineers and designers.Structural failure of diversion Constant cube and another testing of concrete before pours.

Sufficient curing of concrete.Danger from debris left during constructionCDM to monitor site safety and periodic clearing of debris from the site, including eco-friendly disposal or reuse.Premature Flooding of diversion channel.Provision of pumps with sufficient capacity, including backup pump and backup power source for pump.OTHER GENERAL RISKS AND THEIR MITIGATIONGeneral construction hazards1. Selection of competent contractors to execute the project.2. Preparation of a Safety Management Plan.3. Development of environmental checks and monitoring methodology for the site.4. Staff training.

Use of dangerous goodsIn case the concrete footbridge is made using caissons, then the structure has to be treated as an enclosed space and all risk mitigation measures applicable to enclosed spaces shall apply. In addition to that, the caisson shall be floated and lowered to its location, requiring Health and safety measures as applicable to boats and waterways, to be followed.