Analysis of The Good News Is that Sports Is Bad for Us Passage - Essay Example

? INFORMATION ANALYSIS Information Analysis Passage The Good News Is That Sports Is Bad For Us,” By Thomas Sutcliffe. Conclusions and Reasons: The passage is trying to convince me that the vices in sports are good and should be encouraged by all concerned stakeholders, especially for the players who take part in these sports. The vices may include field malpractices, or cheating in the game, or sometimes using boosters to become more energetic while playing a given game. Some of the reasons given for this are: Sports men and women should be better armoured against temptations than any other ordinary mortals Sporting malpractice and corruption is on the rise to boost performance during the games Assumptions: The assumption in this passage is that sports corruption and malpractice are a common occurrence in the sporting field, thereby making it possible for sportsmen and women to win their games much easily. Assessment of reason for assumptions: The main reasons given for this are the widespread sporting malpractice currently recorded in the field of sports. This means that more and more players, their coaches, as well as other private stakeholders use sporting. Authorities Cited: A number of authorities are mentioned in the passage, including the International Cricket council, and Premier League football. These authorities make it plausible for readers to understand the depth of sporting corruption and malpractice in the society. Further Evidence: Further evidence about the failure of sporting corruption refers to the penalties that sportsmen’s and women get because of failing to adhere to sporting rules and regulations. Explanations: It is evident that the sports industry is too corrupt with new cays of cheating coming up every new day, such as using drugs and boosters to increase their performance capabilities in the field. Some cricket players even use illegal drugs in order to outperform their competitors during such tournaments. Comparisons: There are no major comparisons made through this text Further Conclusion: Sporting malpractice and corruption is on the rise because more sportsmen want to get ahead of others through illegal means instead of winning successfully Parallel reasoning: there is no parallel reasoning in the passage. General principles: The passage does not use any general principles. Do the reasons support the conclusion? The reasons give support the conclusion as there is a significant possibility of increased sporting malpractice within the society. Passage 2 “Demi-Gods and Mortals,” By John Harris Conclusion and Reasons: This passage is trying to get me to accept the fact that Demi-gods and immortality exist. These bases because science can now engineer possibilities of having a life prolonged for longer years as contrasted to the current life expectancy levels. In addition, the more the development of science, the more the realization of life elongation techniques, such as those relating to how long a person can live. Future generations may soon become Demi-gods as science tries very hard to beat death at its own game. The reasons given for these are: Scientific research is leading to the indefinite extension of life as reported by researcher all over the world. The possibility of humankind becoming immortal is more than science fiction fantasy In the long-term it may be possible to switch off the ageing process and maintain a repair program in cells Assumptions: The assumptions of this passage are that science has the capabilities of designing new ways of prolonging life by making adding impossible. As such, death will no longer be part of the human life cycle, and this means that human beings will be immortal with time, as the future progresses, and somehow become Demi-gods. Assessment of Reasons and Assumptions: The assumptions that human kind can be immortal sometime in the future are actually true, especially for the deaths caused by aging. Science has come up with new ways of regenerating cells and repairing old cells in order to extend the lives of an individual. In addition, this leads to immortality as more people fail to undergo the ageing process, hence becoming Demi-gods, i.e. with the power to control life and live forever. Authorities Cited: There is no mention of relevant authorities within the passage. However, incorporation of certain authorities such as the scientific research department, or other bodies dealing with research and development, would make the results of this research more plausible. Further Evidence: More evidence on the immortality of humankind is given through the fact that science is now able to regenerate new cells that are not susceptible to aging. This means that the persons will grow and survive forever without getting old. In addition, this also means that there will be fewer deaths within the universe as men will become immortal and avoid deaths through science fiction. Explanations: The life of a human being ends when he dies. Most deaths, especially those that occur naturally, are caused by ageing. This means that a person’s cells become old and weak, thereby impossible for them to fight diseases and stay alive much longer. However, the invention of science to prolong the life expectancy of an individual through the repair and regeneration of cells makes it possible to have a longer life on the world, thus become a Demi-god or assume immortality. Comparisons: There are no major comparisons made through this text Further Conclusion: Science may beat the theory of life, as well as cheat death and prolonging lives, by creation of immortal Demi-gods. However, this is only possible through aging process. As such, science has no means of resurrecting lives caused through other means, such as diseases, accidents, suicide, and many others. Parallel reasoning: there is no parallel reasoning in the passage. General principles: The passage does not use any general principles. Do the reasons support the conclusion? The reasons give support the conclusion as there is a significant possibility of creating Demi-gods and immortals through scientific development as well as repair and regeneration of cells. Passage 1 “I Like Traffic Lights, but only When they are Dismantled,” By Martin Cassini Conclusions and Reasons This passage is trying to get me to accept the fact that traffic lights are the main cause of traffic jams on our roads. The author argues that even though traffic jams results from the congestion of cars on our roads, the main reason why there is incessant traffic jams on our roads is the traffic lights whose blinking brings about confusion to the motorists. The reasons given for this are: Traffic lights can stop a motorist at a highway to allow passage of non-existent traffic, due to the pre-programming done by a none-existent traffic officer. Traffic lights enforce a priority rule which does not allow motorists to think and make decisions on their own, especially basing on the facts as to when is right to proceed on the road without giving much prevalence to existing traffic on the road Traffic lights control the minds or road users, and this aggression to comply with traffic rules may lead to accidents. Assumptions: The assumptions within this passage is that the abolition of traffic lights eliminates confusion and external control on motorists and other road users such as pedestrians and cyclists, and hence may lead to a significant reduction of road accidents, save time on traffic. Assessment of Reasons for Assumption The presence on traffic lights on our roads causes traffic jam as well as increases the amount of time taken by motorists on the roads. Road users have to stop unnecessarily to give way to non-existent traffic, and this delays them from reaching their destinations in good time. On the other hand, speed limits on our roads also limit motorist from completing their journeys in good time. However, elimination of these traffic rules as well as traffic lights greatly enhances the speed on roads and leads to a reduction of road accidents on our roads. This is in consideration of the fact that motorists are cognitive of their duties and responsibilities while on the roads, and this sharpness makes them concentrate more on road usage. Hence, this leads to a significant reduction of road accidents as motorists are more careful on the roads, more attentive to other road users, as well as drive faster as there are no constraints on their speed limits. Authorities Cited: There are no authorities cited in the passage, however their inclusion would make the passage more reliable such as the inclusion of the opinion of traffic officers, as well as, statistics of road authorities. Further Evidence Martin Cassini provides further evidence over the development of the reduction of road accidents and enhancement of speeds and shortening of travelling journeys, owing to the elimination of traffic lights as well as other traffic rules on our roads. For instance, the cities in Dutch recorded a significant reduction in accidents after scrapping away traffic rules and other control measures. Explanations The author provides further evidence to support his claims about the way traffic lights cause road accidents and slow down journeys on our roads. This leads to the causage of traffic jams and an increase in road accidents. However, abolition of these traffic rules and traffic lights from our roads led to a significant drop in both traffic congestion as well as road accidents. For instance, in Montana, the abolition of speed limits on the roads led to a drop in road accidents by a 30% margin. Comparisons: there are no major comparisons made through the passage. Further conclusions: the passage can lead to making of firm conclusions as the causage of traffic jams and increase of road accidents is the external rules imposed on motorists and other road users by the authorities, such as traffic lights. Parallel reasoning: there is no parallel reasoning in the passage. General principles: The passage does not use any general principles. Do the reasons support the conclusion? The reasons give support the conclusion as there was a significant reduction of road accidents from numerous cities after scrapping of road rules and regulations, especially speed limits and traffic lights. References Exercising the Skills of Reasoning, The Independent, 4 May 2000. Read More