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For instance, suppose two people are having a dialogue and using the English language but of the same gender, they will most likely use ambiguous gender terms when referring to the other party’ (Fukumura, Scholfield & Hyena, 2013). This is because of self-consciousness evident among the speakers mostly contributed by semantic competition that prompts them to evade utilizing distinctive pronouns (Fukumura, Scholfield & Hyena, 2013). The study also depicts the aspects of both competition and influence evident when using pronouns especially by same-gender parties even in the Finnish language (Fukumura, Scholfield & Hyena, 2013).
This is evident in experiments 1 & 2 where researchers concluded other nonlinguistic languages shows similar characteristic in the reduction of the number of pronouns. Section 2 In this article, Fukumura, Scholfield, and Hyena (2013) argue regarding the choice of gender and who to refer to based on the situation influences either the increment or reduction of pronouns. This is apparent in the event of semantic similarity, which influences the choice of referring expressions. For instance, this is evident when a referential competitor utilizes the pronoun “they” to denote people having similar animacy (Fukumura, Scholfield & Hyena, 2013). . For instance, a speaker of certain gender based on his or her situation may end up not to using any pronoun in referring to a person of the same gender (Van Gompel, Fukumura, Harley & Pickering, 2011).
Hence, result in altering the number of pronouns in a given conversation, which is in agreement with all three articles. Heine and Song in their study refer to this as “desementicization” because the speaker owing to the situation he or she is undergoing when trying to refer to a fellow person inevitably ends up not discarding common collective pronouns. Since he or she cannot seclude oneself in a similar situation to expound more about others. Therefore, being either male or female in a group of the same gender when choosing reference expressions yields “interference”, which in turn ends up in fewer pronouns as cited by the main article (Fukumura, Scholfield & Hyena, 2013).
This is also evident in Van Gompel, Fukumura, Harley, and Pickering's (2011) study though on their part use the word “Same Features” in referring similarity of any given group of people or entity. Hence, implying these two articles based on the evidence analyzed, actively support the argument of the main article concerning the reduction in the number of pronouns based on a person’s gender, which I also concur with and support. This is especially in the manner of elaborating though they are using varied words like “features” to imply uniqueness, which in most cases limits one’s ability to choose the usage of certain pronouns (Van Gompel, Fukumura, Harley & Pickering, 2011).
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