Charge Battery With Rainfall - Report Example

BATTERY CHARGE WITH RAINFALL Student name: Supervisor: Degree: University: Faculty: School Name: Date of Submission: Abbreviations and Acronyms A.C Alternating Current Ah Ampere hour D.C Direct Current RPM Revolutions per minute PFM pulse-frequency modulation PWM pulse-width modulation MDG millennium development goals Abstract Power generation needs reliable source of power that can generate the required energy without failure. Therefore, this project focuses on electrical generation using rainfall as the main source to provide hydro mechanical energy for driving the turbine. In addition, the project was made to design a project that would see there is low emission to the ambient and reducing the need to rely on fossil fuels to generate electricity. This decision was made having noticed the increasing cases involving discussions on global warming which result from emissions sourced from different power generating systems. Attaining the MDG goals as set by the SE4ALL initiative, further fueled need to develop this rainfall battery charging system, this is a green energy generation initiative. In addition, the rainfall battery charging system uses cheap and simple materials for assembly and this justifies the need to develop the system. With the system was set to have the motor that produces produce 2V and inputting in circuit and the circuit will produce 5V, the system is set to enable development of an easier and simple battery charging system. Further, developing the rainfall battery charging system at a lower voltage is one objective that is set to achieve the project set goals. Thus, this system achievement and its purpose are to build a theoretical system to solve the power calculations in practical way through the design. Moreover, this design has seen the success in making a reality in designing the battery charging system-using rainfall, which is a major factor in engineering design. Designing the rainfall battery charging requires keen observation and application of skills since power factor must be observed in the design outcome. Usually, a spoon has a volume of 250 ml. Therefore, this is the maximum amount of rainfall water that each spoon used in the design can hold at once. In addition, the connection between the spoon size and the power generated. Thus, power generated is directly proportional to the amount of water that system turbine vanes can hold. Further, considering the size of the spoon gives the system a wide area that meets water thus giving the system a strong thrusting force to drive the motor at the expected speed. In this design, the main aim is to charge battery-using rainfall and the system is designed to operate without failure. Declaration I adjudge this paper as my own work; no one should publish this paper as his/her own piece of work. Unless differently cited, as specified by the Policy set by the University plagiarism. Signature ________________ student name Acknowledgement Having successfully completed my undergraduate engineering course, my acknowledgement goes to my parents for granting me the opportunity to attend school and learn with the professionals from the field of my dream. I also wish to express my acknowledgement to all my lectures and friend who readily gave a helping hand whenever I had a problem. I also give my special appreciation to the technical service section for their tireless effort in ensuring that I understood everything in all my workshop sessions. Table of Contents Abbreviations and Acronyms 2 Abstract 3 Declaration 4 Acknowledgement 5 Table of Contents 6 Chapter 1 7 1.Introduction 7 1.1.Objectives 8 1.2.Problem statement 8 1.3.Project outcomes 9 1.4.Justification 9 Chapter 2 10 2.Background information 10 2.2 Hydropower technology 11 2.3 Benefits of using the system 11 2.4Design theory 12 2.4.1Design factors 12 2.4.2Operation of the rainfall charging system 12 Chapter 3 12 3Methodology 12 3.1System components 13 3.2Design features 14 Chapter 4 15 4Results and discussion 15 4.1Design considerations 15 4.2Harnessing water and battery charging process 17 4.3Design procedure 17 4.3.3Design calculations 18 4.4Budget and Materials to use 21 4.5Work plan 21 Chapter 5 22 5Conclusions 22 6Recommendations 23 References 24 Chapter 1 1. Introduction Based on preliminary investigations under controlled conditions the Engineers having discovered how to built machines that can generate electrical energy from oil, gas, water, wind, and radioactive materials, I developed a simple battery charging system-using rainfall. System development has been the key to the development of the new systems that have overtime improve power generation, with an aim to reduce emissions to the ambient. In this report, I developed a charging system that used rainfall as the energy source to charge the battery. Having thought on how to use rainfall to produce electrical energy and in return use it in various low-power requirement appliances [2]. When rainfall has surfaced on the rooftop of the houses, we allow that water to flow through the pipe and pass on turbine connected with D.C motor. Rainfall water was used as the main source of the pressing force to turn the water-turbine that drives the shaft of the motor and then allowing the dynamo to produce electrical energy. Moreover, the falling rainwater on the rooftops was harnessed and stored for a future use when there is no enough rainfall to drive the motor [11]. Rainwater provided an importance source of energy with quite a good number of advantages for electrical energy generation compared to other sources of energy. Therefore, having designed and installed correctly the rainfall charging system it showed that it is the best option compared to other sources of energy by ensuring that there are very few environmental risks. This is in the sense that, using this type of energy it provided reliable and cheap source of green electricity [11] Thus, using this project I have developed a simple power generating system that proved the system viable for charging the battery without failure when charging. 1.1. Objectives The design aim was to design a machine that utilized hydro mechanical energy to generate electrical energy for storage. The design was made to capture and convert maximum energy at the lowest cost possible, that is, rainfall is free and hence electrical energy generation and it produced the expected and required amount of electrical energy. The design was made to ensure that there is reduced environmental pollution that would have resulted from other sources of energy such as using a diesel generator. The design was aimed at ensuring that there is free and cheap energy for use by everyone in the society that required low maintenance costs, This design was aimed to achieve the most efficient means to charge the battery to the expected charge level without failing using the cheapest source of energy. 1.2. Problem statement Increased negative environmental impacts have overtime caused major problems in the development and utilization of the energy. Thus, this project has overcome this problem by ensuring that it has zero emission to ambient therefore, saving the environment from some sources of energy such as use of diesel generators that cause pollution. I decided to develop the rainfall battery charging system generated the same amount energy to be stored in a battery. Moreover, because of the rise petroleum products costs and other sources of energy to community, the rainfall battery charging system serves as the alternative for cheap and free source with almost zero emission to the ambient. Therefore, the major problem that led to development of this project was to lower emission to the ambient, which I have so far accomplished. 1.3. Project outcomes Overtime hydropower has been the main source of electrical energy generation for both commercial and home use [1]. The success of the project was because it was to utilize mechanical energy generated using the water. Therefore, the rainfall charging system I designed using the same theory to generate power with application of mechanical force of falling water that is converted to electrical energy by a D.C motor and energy is stored in the battery. The electricity harnessing through this method proved to be the cheapest means to tap electrical energy at the long-term referable to cut down on maintenance costs and efficiency. Further, the project design generated the expected stable and reliable voltage without failure. Moreover, the materials used do meet the expected cheap and easy acquired for the design of the project. 1.4. Justification When charging batteries, they need stable and reliable D.C and voltage flow. Therefore, this project did achieve this by providing stable power to the charging system. This power was measured as D.C flow, and was due to the constant flow and rotation of the motor providing the driving force to the motor to charge the battery. Moreover, this system ensures zero emission to the ambient, as there are no emissions released by the charging system to ambient [1]. Sandeep (75) stipulates that, to achieve zero emission there must be reduced use of carbonization and use of fossil fuels, and thus using rainfall to charge battery is a sure way to achieve zero emission. Chapter 2 2. Background information The rainfall battery charging system uses the theory of the hydro power plant systems as the basis of the project development. These systems use stored water in the dams, and the potential energy of the dam water drives the turbines to generate power. Therefore, this develops enough energy required to generate that is enough for power generation. This energy is supplied to the grid as AC supply, which is further converted to DC for use by most of the home appliances as well as battery charging. Further, hydropower systems used hydro-mechanical energy to generate electrical energy, which still applies to the technology. Having developed a rainfall charging system that uses cheap materials to build, I have further used the same technology in developing the rainfall charging system. In addition, having build and tested the system I have applied the hydro-mechanical technology, which further ensured save and cheap energy generation. Water is the chief source of renewable energy and it cannot be exhausted, since water can be harnessed and stored for future use in energy generation. Therefore, I decided to develop the rainfall battery charging system that would utilize the water harnessed from rainfall, thus saving the use of fossil fuel to generate electricity. Rainfall battery charging system dates to the use of the rotational force to generate electrical energy for use. Moreover, having designed the project I have purely focused on power generation with zero emission as part of the MDG (millennium development goals) initiative. The MDG initiative is focused on mainstreaming on clean energy generation. If the world’s energy were produced with minimal pollution thus, if other projects, which should be larger than this, are developed for the mains supply, there would be minimal emission to ambient. 2.1 Current design Having focused on developing a rainfall battery charging system I did plan to use cheap materials for developing the project. This I used plastic spoons to build the rotation wheel, which was joined to a central point and I joined to the motor. With flow water landing on the spoon-wheel and rotating the wheel, it rotates the motor at an increasing speed. The having started to rotate, electrical energy was generated at an increasing rate as the wheel increased its speed until the voltage stabilized. Therefore, this design attained the set objectives to build a simple, light and cheap source of electricity to use in small electrical appliances. 2.2 Hydropower technology Mechanical energy created by the moving water generates the power output by driving an electrical generator (motor). This makes the turbines and water wheels the best designs that utilize the kinetic energy extracted from the moving water and converting it to mechanical energy in small-scale hydro schemes. Therefore, for maximum power generation, the water flow must have enough power at a particular point particularly at the vanes of rotation (the spoons as vanes). The kinetic energy from the moving water rotating a hydroelectric system generates electrical energy, which is converted saved in the battery. It is ideal to determine the water power potential. Therefore, it is significant to decide the waterfall distance and the flow rate at a point. This, I designed considering that the material I used was the plastic spoons as the vanes to be rotated by the falling water. Thus, power generated from the system is found using the following relationship: Where Q is in  H in meters, and = the gravitational constant  Due to friction and other related resisting forces encountered from the surrounding, the turbine is less efficient, and the some power gets lost in the system. Therefore, efficiency of 80 to 95% is the ideal efficiency for the system to counter the losses, which may result in the system. 2.3 Benefits of using the system Free source of energy Low maintenance costs Reliable Battery Charger 2.4 Design theory Technical skills are a major requirement when planning to design and any engineering system with technical requirements. Thus, designing this rainfall charging system required technical skills and theoretical knowledge to design it and implement the design. Further, basing the design on technical modeling skills the system was designed using the numerical modeling using the data gathered during the analysis stage to acquire the basic requirements and viability of the project functionality. 2.4.1 Design factors Energy requirements Amount of rainfall/day Efficiency of the motor Speed of rotation of the motor The installation site 2.4.2 Operation of the rainfall charging system When operating the design the system was installed using bridge rectifier (fig 3) that comprises D1 to D4, which is then passed through capacitor C1 to make the flowing current ripple free to rectify voltage. A voltage of 18V DC was used for battery charging, which is controlled and regulated to 9V at the IC1 (see fig 3). The relay is driven by the IC2, which is used as a comparator as the voltage passes through the zener diode ZD making a non-inverting input to the battery charger [5]. The battery charge rises to 5 V as the charging continues, which makes it as the battery reach its maximum charge for a 12V battery. This creates a lower voltage at Pin 2 than Pin 3 increasing the voltage output at IC2, and this makes the relay contacts break stopping the charging. This is cut off voltage and ensures that the battery does not overcharge thus preventing damage to the battery. Chapter 3 3 Methodology The rainfall battery charging system used cheap materials to assemble thus as the main objective was to generate cheap and simple electrical energy was attained in the design. In addition, using the materials opted for the designed the system was assembled and tested as discussed in this section. The battery charging system included a connection of the components given in materials and connections as shown in figures discussed in this section. Thus, using the design materials the design was light relative to the energy generated. 3.1 System components Figure 1a: Design-running using a blower Figure 2b: design-running using a blower From figure 1 a and b, the design components have been shown and clearly the machine used a blower to provide the mechanical force to drive the turbine. Therefore, the system components include: 3.1.1 Chipset This is a step up converter and it takes voltages as low as 2V and stepping it up to 5V, supplying as little as 110µA. 3.1.2 Transistor This is N-channel transistor, which ensures system efficiency to be always high to drive the current in the circuit. Capacitors Input Bypass Capacitor Proper gate charge that helps in reducing peak current as well as the noise ratio produced by the motor is developed by this capacitor. Ceramic Capacitor This capacitor helps in moderating noise peak and bypassing the integrated circuit between the V+ and GND pin. Reference Capacitor It helps in short-circuiting the REF pin, which may supply up 100µA. Output Filter Capacitor Works at low electronic resistance and allows tolerance for ripple voltages thus allowing multiple ESRs. Diode Modulates frequency for the current acting as power modulations for low current Resistor Acts at high Ohmic level, which helps to deliver higher power for the charging system Inductor For an ideal start up and filtering of the unwanted current ripple in the load, this component helps in counteracting ripple problems and is set manually. 3.2 Design features Water Harnessed from the rooftop, it falls on spoon vane of the turbine driving the turbine. The rainfall supplies water, which is collected through the gutter to the storage container. Turbine Set to rotate at 500 RPM. As the water falls on the spoon-vanes, it exerts mechanical force that rotates spoon turbine wheel, thus, generating electrical energy. This energy conversion is through conversion of kinetic energy of the falling water to mechanical energy by the turbine. Gear Box Must run at a stable speed, thus, in case there is reduced waterfall flow rate the gearbox governs the speed of the motor. Shaft Is the connection to the turbine from the motor thus generating electrical energy Motor This will include DC motor, which will be the generator. The motor will turned by the turbine thus creating alternating fields that will be induce current in the rotor windings which converts rotational energy to electrical energy. The rainfall battery charging system used the theory of mini- hydropower plants system [12]. Thus, the theory of operation is the same putting into consideration the power generated is to be stored in a battery. Therefore, this system consists of a number of features to attain the desired results. The system has: Battery recharging slots (four) Switch for connecting the batteries (automatic) Simpatico with a good range of rainfall volumes Adjusted for a number of low-power devices Chapter 4 4 Results and discussion 4.1 Design considerations Since the battery charging system using rainfall used the concept of the mini hydro, then it has have water wheel with made of spoon wheel, positioned around to the wheel at an angle of  to the waterwheel to capture the maximum amount of falling water [9]. This way the waterwheel is able to develop enough energy to drive the motor to generate maximum electrical power to charge the battery. The design made is as shown in fig below. (a) Side view (b) Top view Figure 3: Alignment of the waterwheel cups [6]. The design considerations associated with the design of the device are the number of spoons fastened around the wheel, the radius of the wheel and the dimensions of the spoon and spoon positioning. Careful experimentation and analysis was devoted to each of these points regarding to the operational support from the parts and success of the project [6]. This is as explained in calculation section in more details; the RPM of the turbine is maximized when more spoons are fastened around the wheel of the turbine. Each spoon has a capacity of 30ml (Fig 2 (a)). The torque on the turbine from the falling water can be determined using calculation in the calculation section. (a) Side view and Top view Figure 4: dimensions, volume and the size of the spoon (photos takes during the project design) 4.1.1 The DC Motor A static magnet DC motor is employed as the generator. The motor is rated at 12 V and at speed of 500 RPM. The rotor experiences switching fields that cause a current to develop in the windings of the rotor and create electrical energy from the rotational energy [8], which is as measured during design testing (fig 4). Figure 5: design voltage testing 4.1.2 Integrated Circuit An integral aspect of the design and transforms the power from the motor generator to make usable electrical energy to charge the battery [8]. This circuit steps up the generated voltage from a range of 2 Volts to a present of 5 Volts. The circuitry implemented for the purposes of this machine is a bootstrapped configuration. Only a minimal percentage of the input current is required to power the device. The IC functions at 90% efficiency and ensures a smooth transition of energy from the motor generator to the battery storage unit (fig 5). Figure 6: Circuit connection 4.1.3 Battery 6V DC lead acid batteries at 3A-H store the generated current, which takes 9 hours at a rate of 4 watts per hour, is used in this system. This battery may be used to power sidewalk lighting, emergency phones, and other household appliances [10]. It is pertinent to note that a threshold voltage of 5 Volts is required to charge the battery. If the IC does not output this amount, the machine is considered functionally idle and the battery does not charge. 4.2 Harnessing water and battery charging process Rooftop water is harnessed through the gutters to the storage container. The stored water is used to rotate the turbine linked to the generator. The generator generates the current used to charge the battery. 4.3 Design procedure The design of the rainfall battery charging system involves the connection of the waterwheel, spoons, rotor, motor, and the relay and the switching board. Figure 7: battery charging system circuit diagram (photo taken from the design) 4.3.1 Setting the charging system Before charging, the battery is essential to test and set the charging voltage to a desirable voltage level that will be safe for the battery. This is an importance aspect to consider for safe operation of the system, which would otherwise ensure long life for the design working as expected [3]. Therefore, always when designing such a system the designer should ensure that the input charge is set to IC2 by using a fully charged variable power supply before connecting the battery to be charged. Switch S1is in the off position and then switch the power on. Test points (TP) must be observed while observing the polarity by connecting a fully charged variable power supply.. 4.3.2 Charging When planning to raise the voltage one must do this by adjusting VR1 until the voltage of pin 3 of IC2 is high enough to the desired level. At this critical point, the relay is able to power the red diode and allow it to turn on [4]. Once done with setting the voltage flow, connect the battery for charging and switch on switch starting switch on. When the battery has charged, it draws current from pin 3 of IC2, hence at that pin current will be because has been drawn by the battery while charging. This switches of the relay. While the relay is off, the battery charges and the battery charge rises until it is above 5V. Beyond this level no more current that will pass to the battery to prevent damage to the battery; thus, there is voltage build at pin 3 of IC2 and this turns on the relay. 4.3.3 Design calculations Power calculations Assuming that: Rainfall amount = minimum 8mm/hour = Maximum 12mm/hour An average rooftop has  Rainfall duration is 9hours per day Gutter efficiency is 90% Height of the rooftop from the ground is 8 meters Water turbine efficiency 85% Motor efficiency 90% Circuit control unit efficiency is 92% Therefore,: Max water flow = max collected water/s Min water flow rate = min water collected/s Waterpower will be given as: Max power will be Min power will be Thus, the average captured power =  Battery storage= captured power/battery voltage Torque calculations Using the spoon volume, 250ml (standard table spoon) Each spoon has 250 ml by volume of water Water takes 1.12 sec to fall 8 m Turbine radius is the 260mm (radius of a bike wheel) Taking turbine displacement as 3m Then fall time = Velocity of falling water K.E of falling water  P.E of the falling water  Total energy of falling water =  Total force on the turbine cup =  Assuming that the cup efficiency is 75% then turbine torque will be: Turbine torque  Generator torque Generator torque  From the calculations, it is clear that the amount of power generated is proportional to the spoon efficiency to capture more water. In addition, power generation will depend on the generator torque [8]. Further, it is clear that energy generated and torque developed is depended on the spoon area to capture water. 4.4 Budget and Materials to use The list of components to use in the design and the quoted price list for the specific parts that will be used in the designs as follows. 4.5 Work plan PERIOD ACTIVITY WEEK 1 & 2 Acquisition of materials WEEK 3 parts fabrication WEEK 4 System assembly and installation WEEK 5 Analysis and Testing WEEK 6 Finalising the project WEEK 7 Proposal Report writing and submission WEEK 8 Final report Table 1: project work plan ACTIVITY PERIOD Acquisition of materials Parts fabrication System assembly and installation Analysis and Testing Finalising the project Proposal Report writing and submission Final report Table 2: sequence of activities used during the project development Chapter 5 5 Conclusions Rainfall battery charging system was aimed at developing a charging system that can transform hydro mechanical power into electrical power, which was attained through by the project specifications. With high operation and efficiency levels in the design procedure of the system, the objectives of this project design were achieved from the design features set during the project assembly and design. Although the project design may be complete and serve the meant use, there is a call to have a room for improvements to the design, which may otherwise improve its efficiency, and reliability for commercial use. Further, this design will need adjustments and improvements to be friendly to use [12]. This design’s turbine-gearbox-shaft apparatus operated smoothly with minimal power loss, thus making the project a success and more reliable. Moreover, the design motor gave an output of a substantial amount of power enough to charge the battery for use in the operations. This system uses an integrated circuit D.C-to-D.C converter that operates optimally and is idealistic light load execution of this machine. The connection inter-links from an apparatus, which manually fits for various battery capacitances for future improvement. 6 Recommendations From the system test and verification, the outcome demonstrates a high efficiency that broadens the implications for hydroelectric power. With further research, the notion of hydroelectric power changeover working as a factor for the development of alternative source of energy in our society. Therefore, the use of the rainfall water to generate electricity is the best source of energy that would otherwise help in integrating the use green and safe energy. This would result to reduced negative environmental impacts [10]. Further, it is important that there be future research developments that mainstream on the use of renewable energy as the major source of energy. The design did have link extending from the turbine axle to the chain of the gearbox with a 3:1 ratio; meaning that the shaft of the motor spins at a higher speed than the turbine three times higher. Thus, allowing for maximum power generation while applying less kinetic energy on the wheel. While there is frictional, energy losses associated with the gearbox, which is a essential constituent for optimum machine performance [1]. These losses are taken care of by the system efficiency allowance, which should be 80 to 95% of the machine operational speed. References [1] Craig, Lawrence, Sustainable Practices in the Constructed Environment. New York: Elsevier, 2010 [2] Cutler, Johnsons, & Christopher, Graig, Dictionary of Energy. New York: Elsevier, 2009. [3] Dell, Raymond, & Rand, Damian, Understanding Batteries. Cambridge: Royal New Society , 2008. [4] Donna, Susan, Integrated Solutions for Energy & Facility Management. Sydney: The Fairmont Press, Inc, 2002 [5] Ibrahim, Daniel, & Marc, Andrews, Thermal Energy Storage: Systems and Applications. New Physics, Volume 2. New Jersey: Cengage Learning, 2007, pp. 21-22. [6] Kaveh, Max, Hydropower Systems Modeling. New York: Lambert Academic Publishing, 2010 [7] Paul, Bowen, Power Generation Technologies. New York: Elsevier, 2005 [8] Rajput, K, A Textbook of Electrical Machines. New Delhi: LAXMI publications, 2006 [9] Raymond, Smith & John Wegner, Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Science. New York: Elsevier, 2006 [10] Sandeep, Duncan, Electric Vehicle Battery Systems. New York: Elsevier, 2002, pp.75-78. [11] Scott, Damian, Water Power Solutions: Microhydro: Cananda: The Society Publishers, 2010, 72-79. [12] Trevor, Mike, Future Energy: Improved, Clean Sustainable Energy Options for Our Planet. New York: Elsivier, 2011 Read More

1.1. Objectives The design aim was to design a machine that utilized hydro mechanical energy to generate electrical energy for storage. The design was made to capture and convert maximum energy at the lowest cost possible, that is, rainfall is free and hence electrical energy generation and it produced the expected and required amount of electrical energy. The design was made to ensure that there is reduced environmental pollution that would have resulted from other sources of energy such as using a diesel generator.

The design was aimed at ensuring that there is free and cheap energy for use by everyone in the society that required low maintenance costs, This design was aimed to achieve the most efficient means to charge the battery to the expected charge level without failing using the cheapest source of energy. 1.2. Problem statement Increased negative environmental impacts have overtime caused major problems in the development and utilization of the energy. Thus, this project has overcome this problem by ensuring that it has zero emission to ambient therefore, saving the environment from some sources of energy such as use of diesel generators that cause pollution.

I decided to develop the rainfall battery charging system generated the same amount energy to be stored in a battery. Moreover, because of the rise petroleum products costs and other sources of energy to community, the rainfall battery charging system serves as the alternative for cheap and free source with almost zero emission to the ambient. Therefore, the major problem that led to development of this project was to lower emission to the ambient, which I have so far accomplished. 1.3. Project outcomes Overtime hydropower has been the main source of electrical energy generation for both commercial and home use [1].

The success of the project was because it was to utilize mechanical energy generated using the water. Therefore, the rainfall charging system I designed using the same theory to generate power with application of mechanical force of falling water that is converted to electrical energy by a D.C motor and energy is stored in the battery. The electricity harnessing through this method proved to be the cheapest means to tap electrical energy at the long-term referable to cut down on maintenance costs and efficiency.

Further, the project design generated the expected stable and reliable voltage without failure. Moreover, the materials used do meet the expected cheap and easy acquired for the design of the project. 1.4. Justification When charging batteries, they need stable and reliable D.C and voltage flow. Therefore, this project did achieve this by providing stable power to the charging system. This power was measured as D.C flow, and was due to the constant flow and rotation of the motor providing the driving force to the motor to charge the battery.

Moreover, this system ensures zero emission to the ambient, as there are no emissions released by the charging system to ambient [1]. Sandeep (75) stipulates that, to achieve zero emission there must be reduced use of carbonization and use of fossil fuels, and thus using rainfall to charge battery is a sure way to achieve zero emission. Chapter 2 2. Background information The rainfall battery charging system uses the theory of the hydro power plant systems as the basis of the project development.

These systems use stored water in the dams, and the potential energy of the dam water drives the turbines to generate power. Therefore, this develops enough energy required to generate that is enough for power generation. This energy is supplied to the grid as AC supply, which is further converted to DC for use by most of the home appliances as well as battery charging. Further, hydropower systems used hydro-mechanical energy to generate electrical energy, which still applies to the technology.

Having developed a rainfall charging system that uses cheap materials to build, I have further used the same technology in developing the rainfall charging system.

Read More