Creation of a Lift Device - Essay Example

Creation of a lift Device Introduction A gear is known to be a special type of wheel that consists of teeth that are evenly spaced around the outer edge. In cases where 2 gears are placed next to each other up to a point the teeth mesh, the corresponding gear can turn when the other is turned. In this regard, the gears will transfer force. The gears normally rotate in the opposite direction since they are placed next to each other. They also change the force direction. If we want to obtain two gears that rotate in the same direction then we are required to include a third gear to the system between the other two. When we connect different sizes of gears, they will have to act like an axle and a wheel in order to modify the forces. Such force modification is observed clearly in the speed at which the each gear wheels turn. For instance, When a thirty teeth gear wheel is connected to a ten teeth gear wheel, it will be observed that the smaller wheel will spin faster as compared to the larger wheel in the gear system. By considering this, a machine could be slowed down or sped up through the changing of the gear sizes used, or through “changing gears.” Torque is a tendency measure of force to rotate an object about the axis (Elies and Lemarquand). A torque is known to be relevant only in regard to a given axis. In this case, torque about the motor shaft etc. In order to create a torque, the force is required to act at a certain distance from the pivot point or axis. The torque amount that is applied to a bolt or nut can determine the clamp load. The clamp load is seen to be a determining factor in the assembly performance. The applied torque to a fastener with compounds that are ant seize and which are reapplied to the threads will enable uniformity during the whole process but it will raise the clamp load when compared to an unlubricated bolt (Atallah and Howe,2001) In the current experiment the gear wheels were used to discover how force can be modified and transferred in the gear system which was a lifting device. In this case, to create a lifting device, several equipment were used that included battery, circuit,6 gears,2 sprockets Equipment and materials In the experiment, a motor and great kit was used to create a lifting device. This was created from several pieces that included battery, circuit, 6 gears, and 2 sprockets. In this case the battery provided power to rotate the gears The gear and sprocket were both used to transmit power within the lifting device, or to move objects through interlocking with them. Despite a gear and a sprocket tends to be similar, we have various differences between them. The key difference in terms of function is that a gear is a wheel with teeth that is designed to mesh with other gears in order to transmit movement to them. On the other hand a sprocket is wheel with teeth designed to engage as well as move a perforated or flexible indented object, like a bicycle chain. In regards to this difference their application are also seen to be different. Gears seems to be too flexible in regard to the way they could be applied as compared to sprocket Method and result After the lifting device was created with varying number of gears and sizes of the sprockets (small and big), the measurement of the object weight that could be accommodated by different number of gears with the corresponding sprocket size were recorded. The obtained results are summarized in the table below and it indicates how much grams the gear could take with the small and big sprocket Table 1.Measurements in grams the gears could accommodate. Number of gears BIG SPROCKET SMALL SPROCKET ONE GEAR 25g 50g TWO GEARS 100g 200 THREE GEARS 400 800. FOUR GEARS 1600 3200 FIVE GEARS 6400 12800 SIX GEARS 25600 51200 Discussion of Results Torque is a tendency measure of force to rotate an object about the axis. A torque is known to be relevant only in regard to a given axis. In this case, torque about the motor shaft etc. In order to create a torque, the force is required to act at a certain distance from the pivot point or axis. For instance, a force that is applied at the gear circumference that is attached to an axle generates a torque about the axle (Hornreich et al, 1978). The distance d that is perpendicular from the force line to the axis is referred to as moment arm When a series of gears is applied in the transmitting of power from the motor to the wheel, the gear that is connected to the motor is referred to as input or driver gear. On the other hand, the wheel is referred to as the driven or the output gear (Mezani et al.,2006). Basically, gears located in between the driven and the driver gears are referred to as idler gears .By definition, the gear ratio is the ratio of the teeth number on the output gear(the gear connected to the wheel) to the teeth number on the input gear(connected to the motor). The size of the sprockets was inversely proportional to the weight lifted by the device. This implies that small sprockets are better than the big sprockets because they contribute to the lifting of heavier weights. This is because the torque was high for the smaller sprockets than for the big ones and when the torque is great the higher the force it will be exerted to the sprockets to rotate them. The result is not consistent with the literature (Furlani et al., 1993). The inconsistency in the results could be due experimental errors and the experiment could be repeated to trouble shoot the problem. When different ratios were used, the results seemed to be consistent. The range of gear that gave reliable results is the one that had a wider interval. For instance, if the input gear had fewer teeth than the output gear this means that the speed of the output gear will be slowed down and in this case the torque will be higher and this will favor heavier load. Therefore the biggest ratio was reliable. It is clearly evident that when power is transmitted through a series of gears can as well influence the rotational speed. If the input gear consists of fewer teeth as compared to the output gear, then the input gear will have to turn through a complete revolution sooner when compared to the output gear. The output gear will have to rotate slowly than the input gear and it is referred to as gearing down. It is important to note that the down and up in gearing down and up is in regard to the rotational speed not the torque. In this case, the impact of gearing on speed is inversely proportion to the effect on torque and in the case where the torque decreases the rotational speed will have to increase. Conclusion In conclusion, the experiment was able to demonstrate how force can be modified and transferred in the gear system which was a lifting device. The results were satisfactory because they were relatively consistent. It was expected that big sprocket should have a bigger torque than the smaller one but this was not the case as it is evident according to the results whereby the smaller sprockets carried heavier loads than the big sprockets. It is known that the torque is inversely proportional to the number of revolution made by the gear or sprocket. The gear ratio was seen to be directly proportional to the weight of the load. References Furlani, E. P., \Formulas for the force and torque of axial couplings," IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Vol. 29, No. 5, 2295{2301, 1993. Hornreich, R. M. and S. Shtrikman, \Optimal design of synchronous torque couplers," IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Vol. 14, No. 5, 800{802, 1978. Mezani, S., K. Atallah, and D. Howe, \A high-performance axial eld magnetic gear," Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 99, 08R303-1{3, 2006. Atallah, K. and D. Howe, \A novel high-performance magnetic gear," IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Vol. 37, No. 4, 2844{ 2846, 2001 Elies, P. and G. Lemarquand, \Analytical study of radial stability of permanent-magnet synchronous couplings," IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Vol. 35, No. 4, 2133{2136, 1999. Read More