Electromagnetic induction - Essay Example

Introduction Electromagnetic induction involves the electric current produced across a conductor that moves in a magnetic field. It is the basic operation for transformers, generators, electric motors, induction motors, solenoids, and synchronous motors. Electromagnetic induction is the process, which gives a prediction of the behaviour of the interaction between electric current and the magnetic field. Michael Faraday discovered the concept of induction in the year 1831. He stated that the produced electromotive force (emf) around a path that is closed is directly proportional to the magnetic flux rate of change through a surface that is path bounded.

This implies that, there would be some induced electric current in a closed circuit whenever the flux going through a conductor bounded surface changes. This means that the conductor will be moving through it, or the field would be experiencing a change in its strength. Theory In Faraday’s initial demonstration of electromagnetic induction, two wires were wrapped around opposite sides of a ring of iron. According to his assessment, of the electromagnetic properties, he knew that whenever the currents began to flow in the first wire, a wave would move in the ring leading to an electrical effect on the side that was opposite.

One wire was plugged into the galvanometer and observed during the connection into a battery. In this experiment transient currents were observed when the wire was connected to the battery and during disconnection. The observed induction was due to a magnetic flux change that happened when the battery was disconnected and connected. For many year, Faraday discovered different electromagnetic induction manifestation. For instance, transient currents were observed whenever a bar magnet was quickly slid inside and outside a wire coil thud generating Dc current through the rotation of a disk of copper next to a bar magnet having a sliding electrical lead.

The explanation of electromagnetic induction according to Faraday was in terms of lines of force. Mathematically, the expression of Faraday can be written as; ?= - d?B/dt, where ? represents the electromagnetic force, and ?B represent the magnetic flux. In a case where there is a wire coil, having N loops with the same an equal area, the equation would be given by; ? = - N d?B/dt Whenever the Faraday’s law is combined with the Ohms law and Ampere’s law, a new law referred to as Lenz’s law would be generated.

Faraday’s law is one equation having two phenomenons. The two phenomena include the EMF motion produced by a the force of magnetism through a moving wire and the EMF give out by an electric force as a result of magnetic field that is changing. Apparatus The apparatus for this experiment were coils, small compass, bar magnets, galvanometer, analogue multimeter, LV transformer, Dc voltage source, and LV transformer. Procedure Magnetic fields The outline of the two bar magnets were traced, and a small compass used to check the direction of the magnetic field at various points.

The field direction was sketched in arrows to display the field direction. Two separate sketches were completed. One sketch involved attracting magnet where as the other one for a repelling magnet. The two sketches are displayed in diagram 1. Diagram 1 Attracting Magnets Repelling magnets Inductance The inductance for an air coil core was measured using the electronic bridge