Business-Unit Level Relationship between Employee Satisfaction, Employee Engagement, and Business Outcomes - Article Example

Introduction Organization behavior is the study of how people or groups of people behave within the organization as they work. Organization behavior is important since it help individuals to be engaged in the organization and to develop relevant discipline within the organization. Members of an organization will develop good communication skills, honesty and integrity, interpersonal skills, motivation, and good strong work ethics as part of their organizational behavior. Our behavior at work depends on how we feel. Our attitudes and behavior therefore affect our productivity. Behavior attitude is how the employee feels at work while behavior is how the employee responds to the behavior. We can therefore conclude that high work productivity is directly correlated with positive attitudes and behavior. Motivation is the desire to achieve a goal. It can be intrinsic or extrinsic. Motivation influences psychological, behavioral cognitive and social characters of employees at their work place. The ability of an employee to participate in the organization builds up to his/her motivation. The existing working environment is also important in motivating an employee in the organization. Body Most of the researchers have various ways of understanding how people and groups behave within an organization. They have therefore developed various ways and tool of discovering different behaviors. One of the methods they use includes use of surveys. Survey involves asking individual members in an organization questions. The questions might be open-ended or closed ended. Open-ended questions are those questions that allow the respondent to provide feedback at a wide range. For example, you may choose as a researcher to find out about what employee think about their managers by asking them about goal setting in the organization. Closed ended questions are those that have limitation and the respondent has choices below the question to choose as an answer. Another way of understanding organizational behavior is through field studies. Field studies research method includes having a control group within the organization and the experimental group such that there is a dependent and independent group. The researcher aims at arriving at conclusions if certain conditions or treatment are given to a certain group and deprived from the other group. Laboratory studies are also another way that organizational behavior researchers can use while studying behavior of people within the organization. in tis type of research, one group is assigned a control condition while the other group is left like that. A research is done and data is collected to verify the difference in terms of organization behavior within the organization. Case studies are another way of determining organizational behavior. This method entails the researchers reading and collecting data from different scenarios and coming up with a conclusion depending on the research topic. Meta- analysis is also another technique employed by researchers while conducting tests in organizational behavior. This method includes the researchers summarizing past research activities in a related topic to arrive at conclusions. There are several challenges that arrive in organizational behavior. They include work ethics. Trade unions, governments, and international laws majorly govern Works ethics, which may affect people’s behavior within the organization. Lack of employee participation may also be a hindrance in achieving a good organization behavior. Employee’s participation in organization helps in improving customer loyalty, increasing turnovers and profits within the organization. Technology may also be a hindrance in achieving a good organizational behavior. The rapid change in technology requires constant training of employees in order to improve their participation and consequently their behavior within the organization[ROB09]. The articles are related in the following way. They both have the same methods used in studying organizational behavior such as meta- analysis, case studies, and ANOVA. The articles are also similar in the theories they use in describing organizational behavior. As an employer the most important thing to do in order to develop a positive attitude and good behavior within an organization is to develop a good working environment. This is by ensuring employee satisfaction. Employee satisfaction is achieved by training the employees so that they become competent members within the organization. Improving communication skills within the organization allows for freedom of expression hence it becomes easy to find a feedback. Providing employees with time out of work is also important in building good attitudes and behavior within the organization. Employees who have their job security and allowances such as medical allowances will be influenced to have a positive attitude and behavior towards work. Reducing stress levels to minimal within the organization helps in ensuring good work conditions. Involving employees in decision-making and in the process defining the goals and objectives of the organization develops their confidence. This improves work ethics and consequently their behavior and attitude. The articles are related in the following ways. They both define attitude as a feeling and behavior as the reaction to the feeling. The articles also agree on some motivational aspects in ensuring good employee attitude and behavior. Some of their considerations include establishing a good working environment which entails provide training, offering allowances and balances, improving communication skills and providing time off the workplace[Har021]. Maslow’s hierarchy of motivation explains that an employee will remain motivated as long as basic and essential needs are provided by the organization. motivation will move to the next level if he employee feels safe both at home and at work place. Social motivation increases only after basic and safety of the employee are guaranteed. An individual will have a positive self-esteem and attain self-actualization only if the other needs are provided. Herberg’s two-factor theory concludes that if some factors are absent at work place then workers will not be satisfied and work performance reduces. These motivating factors change and depend with the person. Alderfer’s ERG theory argues that there are three groups of core needs. They include existence, relatedness, and growth. Self-determination theory is an intrinsic type of motivation that was developed by Edward Deci[Ste121]. This theory dwells on the importance of an individual developing self-competence related to work. Reinforcement theory is an important theory that has been used in explaining the importance of maintaining good work ethics. Rewards and punishments are related to work ethics and therefore most employees will become highly motivated if they are rewarded. Employees are also likely to change their behavior if punished. The articles are related in definition and explanation of motivation. Both articles provide the same meaning and explanation of different motivation theories developed by different scholars. Conclusion Good organizational behavior results from good coordination between the employer and employees. In order to develop a good organizational behavior, it is important for the employee to maximize employer participation, provide training, and improve their satisfaction. There are many theories that explain how motivation is related to performance. Providing good working conditions in an organization boost employee’s participation. Most of the theories agree that providing an employee with basic needs, job and work security, and social security leads to motivation. Good work ethics and behavior is directly correlated with high productivity within the organization. High turnover and increased performance are the results of job satisfaction and commitment. References ROB09: , (ROBBINS, 2009), Har021: , (Harter, 2002), Ste121: , (Steel, 2012), Read More