Global Warming and Tropical Carbon - Essay Example

Global Warming NRC Reports Strongly Advocate Action on Global Warming According to the article, “The NRC Reports Strongly Advocate Action on Global warming,” there are human prompted global warming of the planet that is not well addressed by the contempt it deserves. However, recently the United States have increased emphasis on acting on such acts. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has published supporting reasons for acting on climate change. According to NRC president, the climatic changes, and global warming are mainly instigated by human activities, but is no reworking of the IPCC report, which has received considerable criticism of late. The new NRC was drawn from 5-year peer-reviewed literature. The report focuses on the findings from other research reports from the United States Global Change Research Program. According to the article, NRC has the collective duty of limiting the scale of forthcoming climatic change and global warming. This is by providing relevant policy input that acclaims that the United States of America should set a greenhouse gas emission in the form of an emissions budget. According to the article, the reasonable goal is the emissions of 170 to 200 gigatons of carbon dioxide comparable in 2012 through 2050. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change reported that the NRC report was not consulted in deciding the carbon budget and a target range. The press release on the greenhouse emission budget goal was taken a step further. It was by defining emission objective that is roughly corresponding to the range of emission decrease targets projected lately by the United States of America administration and the Congress. BARRY D. SOLOMON Climate Change Division, Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460 MICHAEL J. ADLER The Bruce Company, Washington, DC 20460 Global Warming According to the article, a broader and well-balanced energy technology research and development is proposed as the wise reaction to the greenhouse effect. The article reveals that increased revealed development investment forms the main protection to counter global warming. The author mirrors on narrow viewpoint on the elementary policy and technological issues. The article fully support energy research and development. However, the fact that present feasible options, are accessible should be broadly acknowledged as well as the establishment of supportive policy environment to enhance their uses and the uses of new the technologies produced via research and development. There have been argument concerning the timing and the magnitude of the global warming and greenhouse effect. The response strategies being put in place should emphasize on the options that are attractive and cost-effective for other environmental and social reasons. The elimination of chlorofluorocarbons and large-scale reforestation activities are examples of the two attractive and cost effective options that have acknowledged robust support. In the article, the statement that “none of the non-fossil energy sources are ready to be substituted competitively for fossil fuels at the scale necessary to reduce carbon dioxide emissions" is strongly opposed with the argument. It erroneously suggests that currently there are no viable substitutes and thus research and development in energy technology results must waited for in order to bring such technologies to completion. Global warming and tropical carbon JAMES T. RANDERSON 2013 Macmillan Publishers Limited According to the article “Global warming and tropical carbon,” by James Randerson, tropical forests and savannahs are believed to be the main sources of exchange of carbon dioxide. The tropical ecosystems store a significant quantity of the earth is above ground biomass. This significant level of carbon often effects the atmospheric carbon intensities and hence the ability to alleviate the greenhouse gasses at minimal levels that cannot hazardously interfere with the world climatic system. Carbon connections in tropical ecologies are reported to provide best ways to enable the development of more faithful future situations of the climate. Successful progresses in the integration of the carbon cycle into world climatic models referred to as the Earth-system models have been made. Simulation results have shown that carbon levels in tropical ecosystem would become progressively susceptible to climatic change and global warming in the course of the twenty-first century, suppose the current situations of fossil fuel emissions remains unchanged. According to the article, global warming and increased amount of carbon dioxide is credited to the decreased precipitation rate. This is especially, across the Amazon, which has resulted to the disappearance of forests and consequently facilitating further global warming. In climatic models, upsurges in drought strain in forests along the tropics diminished the plant growth thus, enhanced carbon level reduction from such ecologies. The relation, where climatic change often encourages a carbon-cycle modification that underwrites to supplementary global warming is called positive global–carbon reactions. In supreme climatic models, the reaction of tropical environments often controls the power of the global scale global carbon reactions. Although reduction in carbon level due to great latitude is also significant in climatic models that integrate the best existing depiction of permafrost soil physics. The emergent model constraint can be used to reduce the uncertainties often associated with size of tropical climate carbon response. UN report warns of the devastating effects of global warming that could lead to WARS between nations and food shortages. Retrieved 03 December 2014 from www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2592650/UN-report-warns-devastating-effects-global-warming-lead-wars-nations-food-shortages.html According to the “, UN report warns of the devastating effects of global warming that could lead to WARS between nations and food shortages.” It is predicted that Climate change and global warming would confound and lead to increased global insecurity challenges such as conflict between nations and civil wars due to scramble for scarce resources.  The article predicts that, there would be overwhelming food scarcities especially in Africa. Global warming would also cause the disappearance of Alpine ski-resorts and wiping out of the Caribbean beaches according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. There have also been warnings that, if immediate action is not taken to reduce the emission of greenhouse gasses then humanity would face an uncertain future. Climate change and global warming has been branded as a threat multiplier that would facilitate poverty, cause political instability and contribute to social tensions globally. Global warming would cause tragedies. However, it would provide some countries with new opportunities for resources and transport routes in zones comprising of the melting ice in the Arctic. In relation to national security, there is a strong indication that the world security would be gradually endangered due to climatic changes and global warming. Global warming can threaten the human existence. The threats occurs in several methods such as droughts that makes it hard for society to make a living, thus facilitating mass migrations and increasing cases of refuges , hence making it unbearable for nations to feed of their populations consequently leading to bad governance. Effects of Global Warming. Retrieved 03 December 2014 from http://environment.nationalgeographic.com/environment/global-warming/gw-effects/ According to the article “Effects of Global Warming” obtained from http://environment.nationalgeographic.com/environment/global-warming/gw-effects/, is revealed that the earth heating up, from the all corners despite the location of the place and general increase in temperatures have been recorded especially in the polar regions. Moreover, the effects of the global warming have been felt in the near past and are still being experienced. The influences of the global warming are most in every part in the world. The general warming has increased temperature facilitating the melting of glacier and shifting the global rainfall patterns and setting new ecological niches as animals move. Some of the impacts of the increase in temperature already witnessed and still taking place. Such effect include the worldwide ice is melts, which is very evident at the Earth’s poles. Also, there is a general decrease of the number of Adélie penguins over the last 30 years, the average rise in the sea and ocean level that has become quicker over the last century. The migration of some foxes, butterflies, and alpine plants to higher, cooler zones has been witnessed and the average shift in precipitation pattern across the world. Scientists have also predicted future impacts of the global warming on the globe if the warming continues. These effects include; anticipated rise in sea and ocean levels that are projected to increase between 18 and 59 centimeters by the end of 21st century, due to constant ice melt particularly, at the poles. Tornadoes are projected become frequent and stronger, while animal and plant species that depend on another for survival would become extinct. Floods and droughts are likely to be common, there would be inadequate freshwater due to high rate of ice melt and some disease would spread at faster rate such as Malaria carried by mosquito. Global Warming Identified as main threats to coral reefs by Peter Pockley According to this article, “ Global Warming Identified as main threats to coral reefs” by Peter Pockley describes the global warming to be the reason behind bleak pictures of the world’s coral reefs. The articles give statistics about the destruction of the coral reefs. It has been found that 11% of coral had been found destroyed before 1998 in more than 80 countries, and the statistics are projected to increase to 27%. According to the article, statistical details of Global Coral Reef Monitoring Network released during the ninth International Coral Reef Monitoring Network in Bali, Indonesia revealed that, the agenda of the survey was curb human impacts on reefs. The human activity that leads to depletion of the coral reefs is over-fishing for subsistence and export. Activities such as fish poisoning, explosions waste from sewage and excessive sediments and nutrients running off urban and agricultural development have been depleting the coral reefs. The current global change has made corals sensitive thus; the curbing of greenhouse gas emission is being stressed. The effects of global warming and climate change impact on coral reef is most evident in the Indian Ocean where there have been 59 % loss although there have been reasonable chances for recovery. It has, therefore, necessary for countries to take a step forward in reducing the depletion rate of the coral reefs through preventing unethical emission of greenhouse gasses in the atmosphere. Authorities should also take due diligence in waste disposition and the management of industrial waste. Read More