Fetal Gene Therapy - Annotated Bibliography Example

Fetal Gene Therapy Abi-Nader, K. N., Rodeck, C. H., & David, A. L. (January 2009). Prenatal gene therapy for the early treatment of genetic disorders . Expert Review of Obstretrics and Gynecology, Volume 4, 25-44. Retrieved from http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/ftd/eog/2009/00000004/00000001/art00005. Retrieved on November 27, 2011 The authors of the article have discussed in detail about prenatal gene therapy and how it is currently being applied in the treatment of genetic disorders. The authors assert that unlike postnatal gene therapy, pre-natal gene therapy ensures that genetic defects are corrected before damage of cells occurs. However, the only setback in prenatal gene therapy is concerns about its safety, efficacy, regulatory and ethical issues. In the article also, the authors have evaluated current practices in prenatal Gene Therapy and potential success in future clinical practice. The authors of this article have covered the topic on fetal gene therapy exhaustively; hence, his article is a noteworthy source for anyone wishing to enhance knowledge about the topic. The work contains an overview of the subject, applications in clinical practice and machinery used. This is exhaustive. The authors have also researched about various gene therapy concepts. Another is ‘’regulatory T cells and gene therapy’’ (2009). In another article written in 1998 ‘’Gene Transfer Technology in Therapy: Current Applications and Future Goals’’, Hence, they illustrate that their knowledge on gene therapy is unparalleled. Citra N Mattar, M. C. (October 2011). Fetal Gene Therapy: Recent Challenges and Current Challenges. Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy, 1257-1271. Retrieved from http://informahealthcare.com/doi/abs/10.1517/14712598.2011.585153. Retrieved on November 27, 2011 The authors of the article have discussed fetal gene therapy by highlighting recent advances and current challenges in the practice. The article gives a brief introduction concerning what fetal gene therapy entails. They highlight that the field is still during the experimental stage, hence there are various considerations and ethical issues. The authors review Fetal Gene Therapy practices, and then they analyze its applications and possible setbacks. The authors have conducted various researches on the same field; hence, they have noteworthy information about the subject matter. The authors also work in various departments that have given them considerable knowledge concerning the topic. These are Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, University College London, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital and Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School. Coutelle et al. (2006). Gene Therapy Progress and Prospects: Fetal gene therapy. Pub Med, 1601-1607. Retrieved from http://www1.ic.ac.uk/nhli/molecular/genetherapy/pubs/. Retrieved on November 23, 2011. The authors discuss the progress and prospects that gene therapy has made in the contemporary world. They analyze concepts about gene therapy and various adverse effects that this is likely to have. The article highlights somatic gene delivery and how this is used as therapy for genetic diseases. From the article, we learn that animals will be used as models for clinical trials to establish whether fetal gene therapy will be effective in human subjects. The authors have described that recent studies have implicated liver tumors in these procedures, hence the need for investigations concerning the safety of fetal gene therapy. These investigations according to the authors are necessary before gene therapy can have a breakthrough in the health setting. The authors of the article have provided noteworthy knowledge concerning the progress and prospects of fetal gene therapy, hence, this is of benefit to any scientist who wishes to venture into the field. Apart from the positive effects of fetal gene therapy, the author has outlined adverse effects of the procedure. This serves as a warning to those that want to use this therapy in clinical practice. Therefore, this article is complete as it covers all aspects of gene therapy, hence important for studies about the topic. Coutelle and his colleagues have for years researched and written about genetic concepts. In the 1990s, they wrote various articles on gene therapy, molecular therapy and perinatal diagnosis of genetic disorders. This offers them noteworthy experience in the field. Hence, their research on fetal gene therapy is proficient. David AL, P. D. (2007). Gene therapy for the fetus: is there a future? Pub Med, 203-218. Retrieved from http://bioethics.georgetown.edu. Retrieved on November 23, 2011 This article has outlined gene therapy for the fetus, and has discussed it in detail; explain whether it has a future in the health setting. The authors outline how gene therapy is used for treatment of disease. The diseases listed by the author are; cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, vascular diseases and inherited genetic diseases. These diseases are deadly to fetuses; hence gene therapy is used to alleviate them. However, the authors have asserted that when this therapy is used on fetuses, users must ensure that the methods used are reliable, cost effective and safe. This article encourages the use of fetal gene therapy on clinical practice. The article explains the future of the field by highlighting setbacks facing the fields. The authors assert that, even though fetal gene therapy controls diseases, it has its challenges that clinicians need to consider. It would, therefore, assist people to learn of setbacks of fetal gene therapy and look for ways to counter the setbacks. David Al has written various works on gene therapy, hence his mastery of the subject is noteworthy. He has analyzed organ targeted gene therapy in his articles, molecular therapy, and fetal muscle gene therapy. The author has used these researches to discuss his article exclusively. Mattar CN, C. M. (2011). Fetal gene therapy: recent advances and current challenges. INFORMA HEALTHCARE. Retrieved from http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/view/UCL/GF.html. Retrieved on November 23, 2011 The authors describe fetal gene therapy and its recent advances that have enabled the practice to be applied in the health field. According to the article, Fetal Gene Therapy is applicable in countering lethal monogenic diseases so that clinically severe phenotypes are prevented. The authors also assert that this field is in the experimental stage; hence, various considerations need to be put in place concerning its practicality. Even though there are safety concerns concerning this procedure, the authors have encouraged health care experts to go ahead with clinical trails so that various diseases are countered. Authors of this article have encouraged people to used fetal gene therapy in clinical trials as it would alleviate many genetic disorders. The article doe not discourage the use of this method in clinical practice, hence, is a motivation to many newcomers in the field. Mattar CN has conducted various researches with other scientists on various pediatric issues and other healthcare issues. The majority of his articles talk about obstetrics and gynecologic issues. One of this is; ‘’Intravenous administration of AAV2/9 to the fetal and neonatal mouse leads to differential targeting of CNS cell types and extensive transduction of the nervous system’’. In another article, Mattar has outlined ‘’Care of women in menopause: sexual function, dysfunction and therapeutic modalities’’. All this experience gives him enough knowledge to discuss about fetal gene therapy. McBane, D. (June 14, 2010). Prenatal Gene Therapy. Citizen Link. Retrieved on http://www.citizenlink.com/2010/06/14/prenatal-gene-therapy/. Retrieved on November 27, 2011 McBane asserts in his article that British scientists have come up with a mechanism of treating diseases of children before they are born. The author also asserts that studies on animal species are promising, and they are an indication that it will be a success when applied on human subjects in clinical practice. The author also outlines that Prenatal Gene Therapy offers the possibility of treating genetic diseases permanently, hence, he advocates for its use ion clinical practice. McBane is the bioethics analysis for the group CitizenLink, hence, he possesses adequate knowledge concerning prenatal gene therapy and its ethical concerns. Articles not used Vedanta Mehta, K. A. (25 May, 2011). Organ targeted prenatal gene therapy—how far are we? Wiley online Library, Volume 31, Issue 7. Retrieved from http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/pd.2787/abstract. Retrieved on November 27, 2011 The article was not used for the bibliography since it does not discuss in detail, the mechanisms for fetal gene therapy, its complications, potential success and ethical considerations. It only dwells on the success rate to date. Gonzalez, R. (October 25, 2011). The era of non-invasive prenatal genetic screening has officially begun. i09. http://io9.com/5853246/the-era-of-non+invasive-prenatal-genetic-screening-has-officially-begun. Retrieved on November 27, 2011 The article was not used since it dwells more on Screening for Down syndrome using the maternalT21. It ignores most general aspects of fetal gene therapy. David, D. A. (2011). Prenatal Cell and Gene Therapy group. Institute for Womens Health. Retrieved from http://www.instituteforwomenshealth.ucl.ac.uk/academic_research/maternalfetal/prenatalcell. Retrieved on November 27, 2011 The article has considerable information about fetal gene therapy; however, it is in the form of many researches by the group. As a result of this, it was not used for the bibliography. References Abi-Nader, K. N., Rodeck, C. H., & David, A. L. (January 2009). Prenatal gene therapy for the early treatment of genetic disorders . Expert Review of Obstretrics and Gynecology, Volume 4, 25-44. Citra N Mattar, M. C. (October 2011). Fetal Gene Therapy:Recent Challenges and Current Challenges. Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy, 1257-1271. Coutelle C, T. M. (2006). Gene Therapy Progress and Prospects: Fetal gene therapy. Pub Med, 1601-1607. David AL, P. D. (2007). Gene therapy for the fetus: is there a future? Pub Med, 203-218. David, D. A. (2011). Prenatal Cell and Gene Therapy group. Institute for Womens Health. Gonzalez, R. (October 25, 2011). The era of non-invasive prenatal genetic screening has officially begun. i09. Khalil N Abi-Nader, C. H. (January 2009). Prenatal gene therapy for the early treatment of genetic disorders. Expert Review of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Volume 4, 25-44. Mattar CN, C. M. (2011). Fetal gene therapy: recent advances and current challenges . INFORMA HEALTHCARE. McBane, D. (June 14, 2010). Prenatal Gene Therapy. Citizen Link. Vedanta Mehta, K. A. (25 May, 2011). Organ targeted prenatal gene therapy—how far are we? Wiley online Library, Volume 31, Issue 7. Read More