Ribosomal Ribonucleic Acid - Essay Example

With the advent of new technologies and fossil records, many scientists believe that the kingdom Protista and Fungi cannot constitute a separate lineage as higher classes of organisms are believed to have evolved from these unicellular eukaryotes. Additionally, the kingdom Monera which includes the prokaryotic life forms cannot be classified along with the others as there is a primary distinction between prokaryotes and the other eukaryotic organisms. The advent of sequencing has made molecular sequences accessible which has, in turn, fuelled the need for a more formal taxonomical classification using the available molecular data.

Hence these scientific breakthroughs have called for a new hierarchical system of classification. Answer 3Archaebacteria resemble eubacteria more closely on a molecular level. The evolution of photosynthetic eubacteria along with and possibly eukaryotes dates back to 3 to 4 billion years ago. Archaebacteria resemble prokaryotes in their cell cytology but on the molecular level, they resemble eubacteria. However, except for some differences, the archaebacteria molecules bear a close resemblance to their eukaryotic counterparts.

Answer 4 The Bt gene discovered from the organism Bacillus can destroy corn borers such as caterpillars by damaging their guts. Hence this gene was isolated from the bacterium and introduced into corn. Other similar genetically modified foods include tomatoes, rice, and potatoes. Answer 5 The monarch caterpillar eats leaves of milkweed which is present on roadsides and edges of fields. The present study revealed that these caterpillars died after munching the milkweed leaves which contained Bt corn pollen.

However, in California, the government has passed laws to protect the habitat of these monarch caterpillars due to the increasing threats to their survival. Hence while the state is focused on protecting the species the effects of Bt corn pollen on this organism have evoked serious issues. Answer 6 The Bt-corn was initially designed to destroy moth caterpillars and in addition, it also minimally affects bees and other beneficial insects. The toxin present in these plants perforates the guts of these organisms thus killing them.

Answer 7Resistant alleles generally can survive in a population for many generations as it is a favorable alleles. Hence an allele conferring Bt-corn resistance in the monarch population would be considered to be a favorable allele that is usually passed on between generations. However, the allele frequency after several generations would depend on the population size as in a smaller population the chances of allele propagation are much more compared to a larger population.