Sociological Perspective - Essay Example
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Sociological Perspective
A complex society is generally over-populated one and consists of the people belonging to divergent ethnic, racial, regional and religious groups. Additionally, their social and cultural patterns including socioeconomic status, life style, recreational activities and sexual orientations are also different from one another. Since a complex society carries the individuals having interests, aptitudes and activities quite different from one another, the individuals are either confined to their personal and private activities or remain only professionally in-contact with other members of society. Consequently, the ray of alienation could easily be explored in a complex social establishment. Sociologist theorists have defined certain reasons behind the changes taking place, which actually, according to them, are the outcome of the positive transformation in the knowledge, wisdom, information flow, mental capabilities, vision and exposure of the individuals living in a social structure. Nineteenth century French theorist and the father of Sociology Auguste Comte views flow of knowledge as the most effective way that introduces reforms in a complex society. Based upon his famous theory of Positivism, Comte is of the opinion that human societies experience evolutionary process from traditional to complex phases; traditional or theological societies maintain belief in God without analyzing the nature and scope of religion. Hence, theological societies are traditional in nature, where people blindly
imitate the religious beliefs in their individual and collective life and declare their faith as the principal law of society. Somehow, during the second phase of evolution, which he declares as metaphysical, knowledge and learning observe uplift and popularity in society, and people start investigating the realities behind the myths prevailing in society. (Ritzer, 2003) Thus, society is still in the evolutionary process, and has not become complex in nature due to the very fact that people are still leading traditional life, where economic activities are generally relied upon agriculture, trade and commerce. However, industrial revolution invites tremendous transformations in all fields and departments of life, where trade becomes brisk, and people start taking part in the innovative activities on the concrete foundations of knowledge, skill and proficiency. This era of scientific wisdom introduces all changes in complex society because of the analytical approach to knowledge, were the individuals are in a position to explore natural and social phenomenon with the help of latest devised tools and techniques. Such techniques bring the people belonging to pole-apart regions of the globe closer to each other. Inclusion of different racial, ethnic and religious group lay the foundation of a peaceful and advanced social establishment, which allows even the rival communities to get acculturation and hence make the complex society as the most progressive and advanced region of the globe at large. German sociologist Ferdinand Tonnies has interconnected the relationship between a complex society and change in the pattern of social interaction and behavior of the individuals while communicating with one another. He defines two types of societies i.e. Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft; the former appears to be a traditional and coherent society, in which the inhabitants maintain great care for each other and collectivism prevails society. Somehow, as communities grow and convert into large society, collectivism is replaced by individualism,
Summary
The contemporary society has witnessed tremendous alterations particularly during the last two decades in the wake of technological advancements being made in it. These changes are not confined to one specific area or region of the world; on the contrary, changes could be observed even in the most backward cultures of the globe, where almost all social institutions are turning complex in the aftermath of the globalization. …
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