Over Speeding in Dubai - Research Proposal Example

Running Head: OVER SPEEDING IN DUBAI Name Course Instructor Date Contents 1.0 Introduction 4 1.1 Background of the study 4 1.2 Problem statement 5 1.3 Objectives 5 1.4 Significance of the study 5 2.0 Literature review 6 2.1 Relationship between over speeding and crash severity 7 2.3 General Traffic Rules in regard to over speeding in Dubai 7 3.0 Methodology 7 3.1 Study Design 8 3.2Data collection 8 3.3 Sample selection 8 4.0 Findings and discussions 9 5.0 Recommendation and conclusion 10 1.0 Introduction With increased travel demand across demand there have been increased road accidents that have been caused by overspending. Road accidents caused by over speeding in Dubai are a major cause of injury and death (Van Nes, Brandenburg and Twisk, 2008a). In the year 2009, total number of road accident reported in Dubai were 265, 200. According to World Health Organization (WHO), every year nearly one million individuals are killed with three million severely disabled due to increased road accidents across the globe. Clearly, the discovery of oil in the United Arabs Emirates (UAE), there has been changes in various aspects especially in regard to roads and driving (Van Ne, Houtenbos and Van Schagen, 2008b). 1.1 Background of the study Over speeding in Dubai has been identified as the key factor contributing to increased road accidents accounting for about 35%. It is for such a reason that over speeding in Dubai is largely been recognized as a growing public health concern that need to be addressed. Dubai is one of the biggest business areas harboring many people from different backgrounds. The increased business activities in Dubai there has been an explosion in population and immigration which largely correspond in increase in vehicle which translate to increased road accident doe to over speeding. In Dubai, the rapid expansion of road and increased vehicles in these roads are constantly becoming a major public health problem.\ 1.2 Problem statement Dubai is home to over 170 nationalities all that are considered to have their driving habits and abilities. Driving in Dubai can be a challenge for most of these nationalities. The problem of over speeding as being described by the World Health Organization is becoming a global concern due to the high number of causalities involved. In Dubai, road accidents that have been as a result of over speeding have been the major cause of mortality and morbidity. There has been progressive increase in car accidents in Dubai which is directly proportional to the number of new vehicle registrations. Speed is considered to be one of the basic risk factor towards roads accidents. Over speeding in Dubai has been a key cause of higher collision which leads to severe injury. 1.3 Objectives To evaluate the trend of over speeding in Dubai in connection to increased number of road accidents To compare the these trends with a neighboring country like Qatar To assess the relationship between over speeding and crash severity 1.4 Significance of the study With over 170 nationalities across Dubai, there is need to address the issue of over speeding and develop solution that will reduced the number of fatalities brought about by over speeding. This study will provide information of the relationship between over speeding and increased road accidents. Additionally, the paper can be used to draw recommendation on how to reduce the effects of over speeding in Dubai 2.0 Literature review Research indicates that Dubai is home to over 170 nationalities all that are considered to have their driving habits and abilities. Driving in Dubai can be a challenge for most of these nationalities (Goldenbeld and VanSchagen, 2007). The problem of over speeding as being described by the World Health Organization is becoming a global concern due to the high number of causalities involved. In Dubai, road accidents that have been as a result of over speeding have been the major cause of mortality and morbidity (Gabany, Plummer and Grigg, 1997). There has been progressive increase in car accidents in Dubai which is directly proportional to the number of new vehicle registrations. Speed is considered to be one of the basic risk factor towards roads accidents. Over speeding in Dubai has been a key cause of higher collision which leads to severe injury (Machin and Sankey, 2008). The causes of road accidents in Dubai can be divided into specific and general causes; Increased number of vehicles as well as expansion of road networks Increased national development projects which largely rely on supporting transport system Increased the number of expatriates from various countries who have different cultures and habits who are not familiar with driving requirements and condition in Dubai The specific causes are; Increased driver error Over speeding as well as increased violation of signals at intersections Over taking from the wrong side in Dubai is eight more time as compared to United States of America 2.1 Relationship between over speeding and crash severity Reports indicate that the relationship between over speeding and safety largely lies in tow important pillars. The first pillar is defined by the relation between a crash severity and over speeding whereas the second one is the relationship between the risk of a crash and over speeding (Attawa, Hassa and Sayed, 2006). Research indicates that most crashes in Dubai have been as a result of over speeding with most of the driver exceeding the set speed limit. At least three of the drivers’ involved in road accident across Dubai exceeded the set speed limits. 2.3 General Traffic Rules in regard to over speeding in Dubai In Dubai, city traffic police have installed CCTV cameras to as to catch photos of individuals over speeding. Speeds limits on roads are largely indicated by the various road signs and largely based on the road type (Parker and Summala, 2006). In general, speed limits in urban areas are about 40 t0 80 kilometer per hour, in parking areas it is 25 kilometer per hour whereas in service roads its about 100 to 120 Km/Hr. In highways and residential areas the speed limit is 60Km and 40 KM respectively (DePelsmacker and Janssens, 2007). Speeding fines are paid during the renewal of vehicle registration as it is very difficult to renew vehicle registrations unless all pending fines have been paid off. 3.0 Methodology This chapter addresses the research methodology that will be used in this study. It will discuss the study design especially with respect to the choice of the design. It also will also discuss the study area, population of the study, sample and sampling techniques, data collection methods as well as data analysis and data presentation methods employed. 3.1 Study Design The study design employed in this study will be descriptive in nature. Descriptive research is a process of collecting data to answer questions concerning the current status of the subject in the study. This descriptive research has been selected due to its suitability in gathering information about the population being studied (Tay, Champness and Watson, 2003). It will also give proper and concise recommendations to the topic of the study. In addition, the approach guarantees ease of contextualizing and interpreting the effectiveness and challenges of community participation in road accident with main focus on over speeding. 3.2Data collection In order to obtain a comprehensive set of information, data collection will be from both primary and secondary information. The research will adopt the following data collection method; in depth face to face interview, informal discussion which will be supported through direct observation. Additionally, secondary information will be obtained from journals and websites. In depth interviews will be used to obtain qualitative interview. These face to face interviews will assists in establishing rapport as well as trust between the interviewer and participant thus gathering firsthand information. The need of data collection is to investigate people feelings, opinions in the context of road accident and over speeding in Dubai. 3.3 Sample selection Sample will be selected through the use of probability sample design. Here, simple sampling will be incorporated and therefore each individual will have an equal chance of being represented in the sample. 4.0 Findings and discussions Based on the pillars discussed in the literature review, there is a relationship between safety concerns and over speeding. Clearly, the faster a vehicle is being driven higher the chance of being involved in a crash. Most of the respondent indicated that this has been attributed to the longer braking distance as well as to the fact that human beings have limited capacity to largely process information and immediately act on it. Diagram showing relationship between crash rate and over speeding From the above analysis it is quite evident that out of 1531 road accidents that happened in Dubai last year, 413 accidents were caused by over speeding. This indicated that 27 % of the road accidents in Dubai are contributed by over speeding. Of the 413 identifies road accidents, 150 accidents were fatal. Speed increases the risk of cars colliding and therefore speed is quite a significant factor in the number of fatalities across Dubai. 5.0 Recommendation and conclusion It is very important to reduce the different effects of vehicle impacts through maintaining safe driving speed across Dubai. Evidently, driving at a more safe speed gives the driver more time to react as well as create a more distance for braking. It is important to note that in order for a car to decelerate up to zero there is need to travel through the stopping distance. Here, stopping distances takes into account the different conditions of the road, a driver reaction time, the distance between your car and the point of impact and finally, the speed of your car. This allows the driver to have control of his speed something important with the nature of compete road networks in Dubai. Dubai over speeding fines needs to be increased especially to drivers how ignore the posted limits. It is important that Dubai traffic authorities need to define excessive speed to be greater than 40km/h especially due to the different nationalities who are not familiar with Dubai road network. References Attawa, M., Hassan, Y. & Sayed, T. (2006). Quantitative evaluation of highway safety performance based on design consistency. Advances in transportation studies an international journal. Section A 9. DePelsmacker, P. & Janssens, W. (2007). The effect of norms, attitudes and habits on speeding behavior: Scale development and model building and estimation. Accident Analysis and Prevention 39 , pp. 6–15. Gabany, S.G., Plummer, P. & Grigg, P. (1997). Why Drivers Speed: The Speeding Perception Inventory. Journal of Safety Research, Vol. 28, No. I, pp. 29-36. Goldenbeld, C. & VanSchagen, I. (2007). The credibility of speed limits on 80km/h rural roads: The effects of road and person(ality) characteristics. Accident Analysis and Prevention39, pp.1121–1130 Machin, M., A. & Sankey, K.,S. (2008). Relationships between young drivers’ personality characteristics, risk perceptions, and driving behaviour. Accident Analysis and Prevention 40 .pp. 541–547. Parker, D. & Summala, H. (2006). Cross-cultural differences in driving behaviours: A comparison of six countries. Transportation Research Part F 9. pp. 227–242. Tay, R., Champness, P. & Watson, B. (2003). Personality and speeding – some implications. International association of traffic and safety science. Vol. 27(1), pp.68-74. Van Nes, N., Brandenburg, S. & Twisk, D. (2008a). Dynamic speed limits: Effects on homogeneity of traffic flow. In: Proceedings of the IEEE conference of intelligent vehicles. 04-06 August, Eindhoven, Niederlande. Van Nes, N., Houtenbos, M. & Van Schagen, I. (2008b). Improving speed behaviour: the potential of in-car speed assistance and speed limit credibility. Intelligent Transport Systems (4). Read More