Experience of UK Multiculturalism - Research Proposal Example

Multiculturalism in UK and experience among the British People Table of Contents Introduction 3 Research Question 4 Structure of the Dissertation 4 Literature Review 4 Opinion of Researchers and Analysts 5 Impact of Immigration on Multiculturalism 6 Reasons due to which Multiculturalism suffered 7 Research Methodology 10 Research tradition review 10 Qualitative and quantitative Analysis 11 Justification of Research Method 11 Data Collection 12 Conclusion 13 References 14 Introduction Cultural diversification of different communities within a society along with the promotion of policies is known as multiculturalism. Multiculturalism includes people belonging from different cultures in a society. Multiculturalism has been a part of United Kingdom since 1960s, after relocation of people occurred from different countries to UK. The ideologies of multiculturalism vary widely, ranging from promotion of equality to various cultures, to a rule that encourages and maintains cultural diversity. From a prescriptive term, multiculturalism advances towards new policies and ideologies that promote diversity or its institutionalization. Multiculturalism in United Kingdom has increased rapidly in the past few years due to continuous immigration of people from developing countries in search of job and better education. Rise of population in United Kingdom has changed the perspective of multiculturalism. People of Britain and other countries have developed different perceptions towards multiculturalism. Some of them believe that multiculturalism expresses the core of modern liberal society whereas others believe that multiculturalism has helped in formation of an anxious, fragmented nation. Multiculturalism has become a complex topic for the people of Britain due to mass immigration on one end and political process associated with multiculturalism on the other end. As per the political process multiculturalism describes set of policies that aim on diversity management of different ethnicities. Multicultural policies have become means of empowerment for minority groups residing in United Kingdom. This empowerment has not proved to be beneficial for the community leaders however the people have not been benefited entirely. Hence multiculturalism has not proved to be successful in United Kingdom and the people of Britain have several disputes against the policies initiated towards multiculturalism. Research Question Has multiculturalism been good or bad for Britain? Structure of the Dissertation The dissertation will have an introduction with the help of which readers would be educated about the topic. Following the introduction, there would be a Research Question that would signify the research objective. The research Question would also help to identify the desired outcome. Following the Research Question there would be the Literature Review, which would contain details and evidences about Multiculturalism in United Kingdom. Based on the Literature Review an Analysis would be performed using the Research Methodologies. The Analysis would contain a detailed observation and based on the evidences appropriate findings and outcome would be obtained. After deriving the outcome the issues can be descriptively discussed in the findings and some recommendations can be developed based on the severity of the issues related to multiculturalism. At last the dissertation would be concluded by answering the Research Question and summarizing the entire project. Literature Review Multiculturalism is described as the demographic evolution and cultural diversity within an assumed society and specific place. Furthermore, it is can be defined as the simple fact which encourages policies and ideologies that can help to promote institutionalization and diversity. The multicultural policies and ideologies vary extensively from various cultures to the support of equivalent respect in a particular society. There are two of the pivotal inconsistent and different strategies that have been developed by dissimilar governmental tactics and regulates. One of the first strategy focuses on the communication and interaction that are held between different types of diversified culture. On the other hand, the second focuses on the cultural uniqueness and diversity that can on occasion effect in to intercultural competition in a society (Cox, 2004, p.19). Moreover, the policies and ideologies of multiculturalism is compared and contrasted with the concept of cultural mosaic. In United Kingdom, policies and ideologies of multiculturalism was adopted during the period 1970 and 1980. Local administrators adopted the policies to build human cultural rights and reduce the material inequalities. In the year 1997, the multicultural approach was adopted and committed by the New Labour government. Eventually, this initiation came as a backlash. Trevor Philips and David Goodhart are some of the Centre-left analysts and reviewers that led for the removal of multicultural approach (D’Almedia, 2007, p.32). There are some concerns about the execution of multiculturalism which is believed by many people as related to religious and ethnic minorities. According to Diller, the multiculturalism has an adverse meanings and implication which depends on disciplinary, political and social situation (Diller, 2010, p.83). Opinion of Researchers and Analysts In the year 2014, the state multiculturalism was blamed by George Carey. Carey also states that this is the primary reason which forced British people to join ISIL. Moreover, this credited to implementation of Sharia law, female genital mutilation and honour killings. Cultural diversity of dissimilar cultural minorities has been viewed as one of the biggest questions that have been faced by societies in United Kingdom (Edberg, 2012, p.62). The social landscape of Britain has been effectively altered by multiculturalism. There are many people living in United Kingdom acquainted with the word. But, this term sometimes raises controversial topics which provide vague explanations and elucidations. According to Modood, the British events and personalities directly influenced the primary development of the issues based on diversity. In case of political process, the irony of multiculturalism in Britain is that it weakens and deteriorates the lived experience and understanding. There are certain glimpses of good in spite of shortcomings of experience of British people on multiculturalism (Friday and Friday, 2008, p.871). The mainstream media and politicians fails short to highlight the effect of multiculturalism. Moreover, the diversity and difference among British people is still appreciated. The story that illustrates the importance of the social interaction on small-scale basis has been effectively spread by social media democracy. The normative political theorists discussed about the existence of multiculturalism and were concerned about the distribution of resources, duties and rights and recommendation of policy prescriptions. Most of the British people believe that the concept of multiculturalism is an upright and virtuous thing (Groschi, 2011, p.226). Moreover, this means that experience of people living in a society that are based on multiculturalism is more cosmopolitan, less homogeneous, less insular and more vibrant. There are some people who support the concept of multiculturalism as a set of authoritarian guidelines and procedures. This people reveal their experience in a different way. Furthermore, this people argue on the fact of affirmation towards the cultural differences and public recognition. The multicultural policies and ideologies create kind of segmented community and society which are apparently viewed as the reaction. Impact of Immigration on Multiculturalism Immigration from non-European countries has increased on a huge scale in the last 30 years as published in the Telegraph. Enormous immigration of people from foreign countries to United Kingdom has raised the challenges associated with multiculturalism. People of United Kingdom have accepted multiculturalism on one hand but the limited opportunities in their society has also increased the conflicts among people. One of the best examples on this account is Great Britain, where people have showed ignorance against different ethnicities. In the modern world racism is not the only concern that has reduced the value of multiculturalism however religious views have also played important role to create differences between cultures. Practices such as homosexuality have turned to be punishable offence despite the fact that it does-not have a direct relation with diverse culture or multiculturalism (Hallinan and Jackson, 2008, p.46). There are several policies that defend multiculturalism but the policies are not much effective among people. Multiculturalism has become a topic for debate in United Kingdom due to the difference in opinions among people regarding the issues related to diversity of culture. The political parties of United Kingdom and the minority groups have difference in the views related to multiculturalism. According to some political leaders of United Kingdom, multiculturalism can reduce the public security as it can lead to terrorism (Hogan, 2012, p.26). Despite the facts that terrorist activities are performed by extremists with particular motive, some people still believe that minorities are involved in the terrorist actions. David Cameron had criticised multiculturalism by stating that multiculturalism can lead to terrorism if not checked properly in his first speech as prime minister. The speech led to emergence of anger and discomfort among Muslim minority groups in United Kingdom. The statement had a direct effect on the people of the country and many conflicting debates emerged as an after-effect of the statements (Hugman, 2013, p.117). Reasons due to which Multiculturalism suffered There are some specific reasons due to which multiculturalism has failed in United Kingdom. First of all, increase in population has decreased job opportunities for citizens. In search of better job opportunities many people migrate from developing countries like Pakistan, India, Bangladesh and Africa to developed countries like United Kingdom. Over migration of educated people reduces the job opportunities for the local people of the country and this increases the disputes related to multiculturalism. There are many people residing in United Kingdom currently, who had migrated earlier and the government of the country has to give equal benefits to those people, which restricts the original citizens from gaining expected from government and it increases the conflicts related to immigration of people and multiculturalism. Secondly, formation of multiple devotional places due to diverse culture discomforts the people of United Kingdom because it reduces the faith of people towards their own religion. Moreover, political and social issues also increase due to diversity of cultures. Social and political conflicts are encouraged by political leaders which results in occurrence of chaos and disputes in the British society. (Kundu, 2001, p.1). Diverse cultures also result in mistrust among the people of different societies and it finally results in social turmoilence. These factors motivate people to criticise multiculturalism. Immigration of people has resulted in the rise of insecurity and discrimination. The third main reason behind the failure of multiculturalism is inequality among people. Due to huge immigration the government of UK is unable to provide equal rights to everyone. The growing population in United Kingdom and student immigration has negative impact on the qualification of some U.K. students (Pearson, 2008, p.91). Due to these reasons, some political factions and minority groups debate over the topic of multiculturalism and people have gained negative opinions towards foreign religions and cultures. Huge amount of immigration has also increased terrorist activities and people feel insecure in their own country. These factors clearly show that multiculturalism has been under great pressure in United Kingdom. Despite the conflicts there are some reports that show the willingness of people to live in United Kingdom. According to an observation acquired the Black African people do-not have many problems regarding social marriages with the Whites of U.K. Most of the people residing the countries of United Kingdom have a tendency to get married and secure their life in the countries without much restrictions (Raisch, 2008, p.377). A data collected in the year 2007, in England shows that about 90%, Indian and Pakistani citizens strongly or fairly believed that they were Britain. More than 84% of white people of U.K. believed that they were the local people of their country and there were some similar numbers for black Africans as well. This shows that multiculturalism exists on a large scale in United Kingdom and it did not have much effect despite the conflicts and criticisms that emerged in the countries. The conflicts of multiculturalism are generally faced by the minority group leaders and the political parties but the citizens of United Kingdom do-not face the problems associated with the issues related to multiculturalism as stated in the BBC news portal. Most of the ethnic minority groups residing in United Kingdom have supported their maintenance of their own cultural and ethnic customs as well as their traditions. There are many white citizens of Britain, who support the ethnic traditions of minorities despite the controversies that lies within the political groups (West, 2012, p.31). The most important reasons that have been brought forward against multiculturalism is the anti-social activities carried out by some Islamic extremists and disrespect of people towards each other living the same country. It is important to understand that multiculturalism does not have any direct effect on the life of people. Multiculturalism has many positive impacts because it helps in development of wide-variety of ideas towards the social issues, such as growth of population and insecurity. Government can use people of different countries in their work-culture in order to generate new and modified employment opportunities. Research Methodology In order to develop the fundamental principles of positive incidents, an appropriate and effective research is mandatory. In the research process of multiculturalism in United Kingdom, it is essential to gather evidences that describe the behaviour of citizens of United Kingdom towards cultural diversity. For this purpose detailed analysis, public interviews and expert views should be collected in a systematic manner. This would help the readers to foresee and apprehend how people feel, think and behave about multiculturalism in United Kingdom. For a descriptive analysis significant reports are required to be collected from journals and statistical data along with expert views on the issues related to multiculturalism. Generally, there are two types of research methods used for obtaining successful outcome, such as qualitative research and quantitative research (Ghauri and Gronhaug, 2005, p.17). The research methods are used to encompass essential objectives that are required to determine the behaviour and nature of data collected from the analysis. Some important theories would be required to be incorporated in the research methodology in order to obtain most appropriate research approach in response to the research question. Information related to sampling would also be essential to discuss in this section. Research tradition review Based on the implemented methodology, some important theories can be categorised in this section in order to classify the research outcome. Since multiculturalism in a country is a complex topic, hence implementation of statistical data would be necessary in order to derive perfect finding with respect to the research objective. The research question must be addressed while obtaining the information related to diverse cultures in United Kingdom. Different people have different opinions regarding issues related to multiculturalism; therefore qualitative research methodology would be useful while obtaining the outcome (Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill, 2003, p.88). Qualitative and quantitative Analysis Quantitative research concentrates on evaluation and analysis of numerical data that can be easily obtained from research journals and statistical data. On the other hand Qualitative research is derived by feelings, meanings and motivation of the attitude of people regarding multiculturalism. Qualitative research methodology is regarded as minor compared to the quantitative research methodology because research outcome can-not be developed based on assumptions. Since Quantitative research methodology includes numerical data hence it must be incorporated in research objectives in order to derive successful outcome related to multiculturalism. In this section both the research methodologies are required to be used together rather than comparing them because it would help to overcome the limitation of both research methodologies (Yin, 2004, p.62). Quantitative analysis is very effective; therefore it would be used in the analysis section whereas the qualitative analysis would be used in the research methodology for appropriate results regarding the conflicts related to multiculturalism and behaviour of the British people due to intense immigrations. Justification of Research Method Various types of research methods would be adopted due to the nature and behaviour of the research. This dissertation will provide the findings of the issues related to multiculturalism in United Kingdom and the policies incorporated to reduce the conflicts on the topic. The topic of multiculturalism has been debated over the past few years by the political factions of United Kingdom and the minority group leaders. Due to huge immigration the opportunities of the citizens have reduced related to job and education. Moreover there have been conflicts regarding the diverse cultures established in the countries of United Kingdom (Frank, 2014, p.28). A group of students and researchers would be interviewed related to the topic and some open-ended questions would be asked to them related to the issues. This would help to achieve the desired Qualitative research methodology. Finally, it would provide the opportunity to obtain appropriate answer against the research question. Data Collection This section of the dissertation includes the two types of data collection methods, such as primary data collection and secondary data collection. Primary data collection technique is used while acquiring information from people and their experiences regarding a research topic. In this dissertation primary data collection method has been applied based on the information obtained from the focus groups (Cooper, 2003, p.78). An open-ended questionnaire would be prepared and the focus group would be required to give their opinions based on which outcome would be generated. Secondary data collection technique is obtained from important books, journals and web-sites. In this research paper secondary data would be obtained with the help of social media websites, such as BBC and The Telegraph. Moreover, statistical data would be obtained from important books and observations. Secondary data collection method is quick and it provides an idea about the entire topic. Whereas primary data collection method is lengthy and it provides accurate information based on practical experiences related to multiculturalism. Therefore both data collection methods would be required in this dissertation for successful completion of the research objective. Conclusion From the above mentioned research proposal it is clear that multiculturalism has become one of the complex issues in United Kingdom. There are many people who have migrated from different countries to United Kingdom in search of better life and opportunities. Diverse culture and ethnicity has resulted in formation of political disturbance in the countries of United Kingdom. The political factions of U.K. have given many conflicting speech regarding the immigration of people. The main factor due to which people face trouble while accepting diverse ethnicity is limited benefits from their own country, fear of losing their own tradition and competition in education and workplaces. With the rise of population the job opportunities for people have decreased and education sector is also facing some tough competition. The minority group leaders have emerged in the 21st century as an additional problem for the government of U.K. All these factors show that multiculturalism has failed in United Kingdom in the past few years. However there are some instances that describe that multiculturalism is still in existence and people have readily accepted it. This dissertation proposal has been developed on the basis of the issues related to multiculturalism. In the final paper a focus group would be recognised and their experiences will be recorded and collected which would help to understand the reasons due to which the topic has be debated from a long period. Furthermore, scientific data and statistical data would be collected to measure the difference between the primary and secondary data collection. The entire procedure would help in the derivation of an efficient outcome. The outcome would help to answer the proposed research question and it would also be helpful in finding required solution to the problems associated with multiculturalism in United Kingdom. References Berger, P., and Huntington, S., 2002. Many Globalisations and Multiculturalism. London: Oxford University Press. Boller, S., 2005. Teamwork,Training and cultural diversity. New York: ASTD. Cooper, R., 2003. Business Research Methods. New York: McGraw-Hill. Cox, T., 2004. Cultural Diversity in community. London: Berrett-Koehler. D’Almedia, C., 2007. The Effects of Cultural Diversity in the social establishment. London: ProQuest. Diller, J., 2010. Cultural Diversity: A Primer for the Human Services. Stamford: Cengage Learning. Edberg, M., 2012. 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