OSHA Workplace Safety and Security - Assignment Example

OSHA Workplace Safety and Security 1. What are the six minimum requirements that an emergency action plan must include according to OSHA? The action plan must include: 1) procedures for reporting a fire or other emergency; 2) procedures for emergency evacuation; 3) procedures for employees who are critical before they evacuate; 4) procedures to account for all people after evacuation; 5) procedures to be performed by employees performing rescue or medical duties; and 6) the name or job title of every employee who may be contacted by employees who need more information about the plan or an explanation of their duties under the plan. 2. According to 2006 statistics presented from the NFPA, nonresidential structure fires represent only__67,800______ of all reported fires, account for __30%____ of fire deaths and __80%_____ of fire injuries, but __$868 million_____of the dollar losses form fire nationwide. 3. The NFPA 704 diamond helps employees, as well as firefighters know what hazards are in buildings. Name the four areas of the diamond, including the associated colors. For an extra two points, explain the numbers that you might find in the diamond; which indicates most hazardous and least hazardous. The four areas of the diamond are red (flammability), blue (health), yellow (instability), and white (special area with water or oxidization). Numbers inside the diamond range from zero (indicating minimal hazard) to four (indicating severe hazard). 4. Why was the NFPA founded in 1896? The NFPA’s mission is to reduce the worldwide burden of fire and other hazards on peoples’ quality of life by “providing and advocating consensus codes and standards, research, education, and training.” 5. Please match the following terms from chapter 8 with the following definitions. Each answer is only used once. (Hint---Get the subparts out of the way first) A. NFPA 101 X B. Flammable liquid X C. Boiling point X D. Emergency action plan X E. Flammable liquid rooms X F. Pressurized water X G. Combustible liquid X H. Subpart Q X I. Emergency safeguards X J. NFPA 704 K. Halon L. Fireproof X M. NFPA 13 N. Upper flammable limit X O. Vapor density X P. NFPA 99 X Q. Subpart H X R. Combustible metal S. Subpart E T. Auto-ignition temperature X U. Subpart Z X V. Exits W. Subpart R X X. NFPA 30 Y. Wet chemical X Z. NFPA 58 X 1. International building codes X 2. multipurpose dry chemical X 3. subpart L X 4. exit discharge X 5. flashpoint X 6. HMIS label X 7. carbon dioxide X 8. lower flammable limit X 9. exit route 10. NFPA 70 X __8___ minimum vapor concentration in which a liquid can form an ignitable mixture in air ___A__ life safety code ( life safety in buildings and structures ) ___10___ National electric code( use of electricity) _____W__OSHA special industry subpart ___1____includes international fire code, mechanical code and plumbing codes ___C____temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid equals the surrounding atmospheric pressure ___H___OSHA welding , brazing, cutting subpart ___O____weight of a unit volume of gas or vapor compared to the weight of an equal volume of air ___D____ describes actions that must be taken to ensure employee safety in emergencies ____E____must have bonding and grounding to prevent static electricity ____2____fire extinguisher that works by smothering ( class A, B, C) ____N____minimum temperature if a liquid at which sufficient vapor is given off to form an ignitable mixture with the air _____I___must be in working order at all times ( includes sprinkler systems, alarm systems, fire doors, exit lighting, etc) ___3____OSHA fire protection subpart ___7____fire extinguisher that works by smothering or chain reaction( class A, B, C) __B_____a liquid with a flashpoint below 100 degrees F ___U____Flammable and combustible liquids ( reduction of hazards for public safety) ___Z____liquefied petroleum Gases (storage and handling) ___L_____impervious/ resistant to damage by fire; to make resistant to fire ___4____must lead directly outside, to a street, or open space with access to outside ____2___fire extinguisher that works by cooling/ smothering ( class A only) ___I____automatic sprinkler systems ( installation, design, maintenance) ___Q____OSHA toxic/hazardous substances subpart ____5___maximum vapor concentration in which a liquid can form an ignitable mixture in air ___6____used when there is no label on container and/or when transferring something from a larger container to smaller container for use ___Y____ fire extinguisher that works by smothering ( class D only) ____G____a liquid with a flashpoint at or above 100 degrees F ____P____health care Facilities ( hazards of fire, explosion, electricity in health care facilities) ____F____ fire extinguisher that works by cooling (class A fires only) ___T______ lowest temperature at which a liquid will ignite withour an external source of ignition 6. The difference between the fire triangle and fire tetrahedron is the addition of _combustion______ to the equation. 7. The chain reaction in the fire tetrahedron is considered a __gaseous______, _oxide_______ chain reaction ( producing _oxidation_______ and __vapor______). 8. Employees __ready_____ to use fire extinguishers must receive instruction and _training_______ in the operation of the equipment. This should be done for __2______ employees and ____everyone____ thereafter. 9. There is ___21__% of oxygen in normal air. Enriched air would be considered _____more than 21__% and deficient air would be less than 16_____% 10. Please describe the differences between classes of flammable liquids. Include flashpoint, boiling point and at least two examples. There are three classes of flammable liquids, Class I, Class II, and Class III. Class I’s flashpoint is under 100 degrees F, Class II’s flashpoint is from 100-140 degrees F, and Class III’s flashpoint is over 140 degrees F. Two examples of each are paper and plastic, iron and metal, and paint and varnish, respectively, for Classes I, II, and III. The boiling points for each class are distinct. 11. At the beginning of class, there were three videos shown(1) Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire; (2) Banson Superior Brass Co; and (3) station night Club. PLEASE discuss potential cause, difficulties that occupants or firefighters had and tell what could’ve saved lives or the business property using one of these videos and extra research in your assessment. Regarding the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire, the potential cause of the fire was probably due to scraps getting lit on fire by perhaps a burning cigarette or something that ignited the scraps. Occupants had difficulties because at least one exit was locked, and other exits were unavailable so the people were trapped. Firefighters could not get close due to the bodies falling out of the upper windows. What could’ve saved lives is if more people went to the roof like the owners. The property could probably have been saved if the fire was put out while it was still contained in the bin. 12. For an extra point, OSHA’s requirements regarding emergency action plans can be found at 29 CFR___1910____. 13. The number one reason for a company to have a good fire protection program is the _safety_____. 14. _Diesel____ fuel will mix with __oxygen____ to form a _combustible_____ mixture capable of burning when _applied_____ to heat. 15. One of the elements of the fire tetrahedron is fuel. It can be a _gas____ or _oxygen______, but must be in a _liquid_____ state in order to burn. Examples of items. Examples include kerosene, gasoline, and diesel. 16. Exit markings are important fro employees to know where to go in the event of an evacuation. Please name the five requirements we talked about in class regarding exit markings. 1. Every exit shall be marked by a clearly visible sign with the word EXIT, in plainly legible letters, at least 6 inches high, and with at least a ¾” stroke width. 2. When the way to an exit is not readily apparent, signs or markings similar to exit signs shall be provided which also provide directional information.  Where arrows are used, they shall be obvious as to the direction of the exit. 3. Doors, passageways, and stairways which are not means of exiting shall be clearly marked “NOT AN EXIT” or with other labeling to show their true character, if they may be confused with access to exits. 4. Exit signs shall be illuminated either by internal or external means by a “reliable” light source and be distinctive in color.   5. Exit signs and exit access signs must be configured and located so as to be readily visible.  Other building appurtenances, such as furnishings, decorations, or equipment, are not permitted to obscure or detract from the attention value of the exit sign. 17. The exit route consists of three parts. Please list these, as well as a brief description of each. This consists of exit access, an exit separated from other areas, and exit discharge. 18. Why is the fire safety so important?(please list at least four reasons for full credit) Fire safety can save lives, fire safety can help one know what to do in an emergency, educating oneself about fire safety can translate into other areas of safety such as occupational safety, and finally, fire safety is good to know just in case one needs to teach someone else. 19. In class we talked about for classes of fires, fire extinguisher ratings for each. Please name the four classes, examples of each, their ratings and application types. Class A (regular materials), Class B (iron and other materials), Class C (electrical fire), and Class D (gaseous fire) are all dangerous. Other details are noted in the book. 20. Exit doors must be unlocked at all times. Please tell me the four requirements we discussed regarding exit doors, and about when the doors are locked. Exit signs must be illuminated at all times. All stairways in buildings four or more stories high need stairway identification signs at each floor. They must give the floor number, and the upper and lower floor numbers the stairway ends on. The sign must also give the story and direction of the exit discharge, which is to be located 5 feet above the landing and be easily seen when the doors are in either the open or closed position. 21. The Fire Prevention Plan must be in ___place_______, except for companies with ten or less employees and required by OSHA only where an employer’s written policy requires: (1) immediate evacuation of the workplace upon the sounding of a fire alarm signal; (2) establishes an _escape route______; and (3) prohibits employee use of _fire extinguishers____. 22. In looking at regulations or laws that a company might need to abide by to ensure fire protection and prevention, please name at least four sources that we talked about in class. The NFPA, state, local, and national regulations are sources of fire protection and prevention. 23. In class we talked about the brief difference of a company’s contingency plan vs. emergency action plan. Briefly describe the difference for an extra two points. The contingency plan must describe the actions that people working must take in the event of a fire or an explosion. The emergency action plan must be specific to the emergency itself. 24. Seventy-five percent of companies that have a severe fire survive the_initial___ impact of the fire and _rebuild______. 25. According to the fire tetrahedron, heat is a necessary component.. Please name three potential sources of heat: __heat source_____,_fuel________,__oxygen________. 26. Please described what the pass acronym stands for and for an extra two points, explain the method. 1. Pull the safety pin. 2. Aim the nozzle at the base. 3. Give the trigger a quick squeeze to discharge the agent. 4. Sweep the nozzle at the base of the flames. 27. To minimize danger to employees, exit routes have three requirements. Please name these. There must be more than two exit routes in some cases, such as in larger buildings; openings to exit routes must be limited; and there must be a single exit route for smaller buildings. 28. According the video on fire sprinkler systems, in the event of a fire, the __heat____ expands and ___gas____ compresses which shatters the _bolt______ releasing the valve seal and allowing _flames_____ to be disbursed. 29. Please discuss flammable liquid rooms( what are they, where are they located, and a brief description). These are locations inside tanks and/or vessels containing volatile flammable liquids. They are located in inadequately ventilated pump rooms for flammable gas or volatile flammable liquids. 30. A combustible liquid has a flashpoint at or above 100 degF, please tell me the three classes we discussed in class. Include the flashpoint and two examples. Class I (which has a flashpoint below 100 degrees F), Class II (which has a flashpoint at above 100 degrees F to 140 degrees F, and Class III (which has a flashpoint at or above 140 degrees F), are all combustible liquids. Class I liquids may produce a large volume of gases, such as gasoline or propane. Class II liquids would include liquids like kerosene and diesel fuels. Class III liquids would include paints and varnishes. 31. Spontaneous heating leads to spontaneous ignition which may be caused by __reaction______, _can lead to an explosion_______, or __can be caused by oxidation_______. For a extra point, describe in parentheses, a brief description. 32. Name at least four limitations of fire extinguishers discussed in class or during the fire extinguisher video. Fire extinguishers may leave some burning embers smoldering within upholstery; kitchen fires may have a burning time longer than the extinguisher’s discharge time; Halon 1211 is not effective for fires above deck because it disperses quickly in open air; and too large of an extinguisher maybe useless if family members can’t heft it (so the gross weight should be 20 lbs., realistically speaking). 33. According to your book, an effective fire program requires constant vigilance and an ongoing partnership with key representatives from_industry______, ___government______, and the __insurance companies_______. 34. Housekeeping issues are one of the _most common_______causes of fires although__they are not as dangerous, typically_____. WORKS CITED National Fire Protection Association. Retrieved 9 July 2011 at: . Read More