Analysis of Articles about Anxiety Disorders and Sleep Disorders - Annotated Bibliography Example

Section/# Anxiety Annotated Bibliography YAMAN, H. . The Relation Between a Definition of General Anxiety Levels and Diagnosis Practice. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 14(3), 1117-1122. doi:10.12738/estp.2014.3.2151 The article references the fact that anxiety is a broad term that is used to describe a full range of psychiatric disorders. Whereas in times past, individuals may have characterized anxiety merely as stress, the way in which professionals now understand and can characterize the symptoms of anxiety has become greatly more nuanced. Ultimately, rather than making the individual’s life less fulfilling, chronic anxiety has the ability to cause a litany of other health problems in addition to shortening the individual’s overall life expectancy in the most extreme cases. As a means of better understanding anxiety, the article defines the two different categories of anxiety that exist as well as to briefly discuss some of the many different types of disorders that fall under this umbrella definition of psychiatric issues. Bogels, S., Alden, L., Beidel, D., Clark, L., Pine, D., Stein, M., & Voncken, M. (2010). Social anxiety disorder: questions and answers for the DSM-V. Depression And Anxiety, 27(2), 168-189. doi:10.1002/da.20670 Likewise, the above article identifies the fact that anxiety disorders ultimately break down into the following two categories: continuous or episodic. As the name implies, episodic anxiety disorders are generally ones which afflict the individual for a brief period of time. Comparatively, continual anxiety disorders are those that are chronic; and only therapy and/or pharmaceutical intervention is able to lessen or reduce their occurrences. Moreover it can and should be understood that anxiety itself relates to four different aspects of experience that an individual might have. These differentials of experience relate to the following physical tension, dissociative anxiety, mental apprehension, and physical apprehension. Still further, anxiety disorders are almost invariably differentiated between phobic disorders, panic disorders and generalized anxiety disorders. As a function of the vast level of differential that exists within the definition and understanding of anxiety, the reader can come to a more complete and profound understanding of the way in which such an occurrence impacts upon a multitude of levels of personal health and well-being. Lewis-Fernandez, R., Hinton, D., Larua, A., Patterson, E., Hofmann, S., Craske, M., & Liao, B. (2010). Culture and the anxiety disorders: recommendations for DSM-V. Depression And Anxiety, 27(2), 212-229. doi:10.1002/da.20647 As with many psychotic episodes, the above article indicates that anxiety and the many disorders that are defined by it oftentimes do not have any type of cure. Rather, they can only be treated by a combination of therapy and pharmaceuticals. Of these two means of treatment, therapy is oftentimes the most effective if it can be integrated within the very first few months or years after the anxiety is first evidenced. The increase of effectiveness of therapy within this brief window of time is mainly attributed to the fact that the individual is able to relearn, reclassify, and redefine the way in which this anxiety integrates with their life and an understanding of reality. Similarly, other scholars denote that if anxiety cannot be effectively reduced or eliminated with the proper application of therapy, it is oftentimes necessary for pharmacological means to be utilized. Ultimately, as with all use of pharmaceuticals, such an application of drugs only masks the symptoms and cannot provide any level of sure to the individual. Miljuš, D., Tihaček-Šojić, L., Milić-Lemić, A., & Andjelković, M. (2014). Treatment of obstructive sleep apnea patients.  Medical & Pharmaceutical Journal, 71(7), 623-626. doi:10.2298/VSP121129010M The importance of sleep is very much a biological need. However, the fact of the matter is that millions upon millions of individuals are not deriving the sleep requirements that their bodies have. The article illustrates the fact that the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention found that more than one-fifth of America’s population has reported that they have a chronic sleeping disorder resulting ultimately in insomnia - the inability to fall asleep or to stay asleep. One of the most common forms of sleeping disorders that is currently represented within the population of the United States is sleep apnea. As such, a litany of studies have been performed on contributing factors for sleep apnea, pharmacological means by which it could potentially be treated, and methods in which professionals can detect and work to ameliorate it. Yamaguchi, K., Inoue, Y., Ohki, N., Satoya, N., Inoue, F., Maeda, Y., & ... Nagai, A. (2014). Impacts of Apnea. Plos ONE, 9(3), 1-11. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0092808 The authors of this article indicate that relatively little research has been performed with regard to the way in which the lack of sleep that sleep apnea is responsible for causing can often mimic the side effects of drunkenness, lower one’s productivity, and reduce one’s responsiveness to his or her surroundings and ultimately increase rates of neuroticism. Within such a representation, it is further necessary to consider the fact that personality, correlates to sleeping habits; and could have a direct level of impact with regard to the potential of an individual to develop sleep apnea at some point in their lives. Naturally, this does not stipulate that sleep apnea does not have other indicators that increase its chance of being exhibited within the patient; r, this article would seek to engage a review of mental health for patients that suffer from sleep apnea as a means of determining whether or not there is a correlation between this sleep disorder and the overall neuroticism that patients exhibit within their lives. Saito, M., Yamaguchi, T., Mikami, S., Watanabe, K., Gotouda, A., Okada, K., & ... Lavigne, G. (2014). Temporal association between sleep apnea-hypopnea and sleep bruxism events. Journal Of Sleep Research, 23(2), 196-203. doi:10.1111/jsr.12099 Accordingly, this last article seeks to take a statistically manageable group of subjects, as a means of performing research into inference with regard to whether or not higher rates of neuroticism are indeed exhibited against a control group that does not suffer from sleep apnea or another sleep related disorder. Medical scholarship has indicated that a litany of physiological factors impact on an individual’s propensity to suffer from sleep apnea; however, the broader question that still remains unanswered is whether or not psychological factors are contribute to Read More