Psychology Issues in Patient Treatment - Essay Example

Issue Does Direct-to-Consumer Drug Advertising Enhance Patient Choice? How much should the pharmaceutical companies be required to disclose? Should their advertising be limited to serious life threatening illnesses or non threatening condition such as acne or hair loss? Why or Why not? Similar to all intrusions, direct to customer marketing has to be assessed by balancing its danger with its advantages in the perspective of the existing substitutes. It has been believed that undesirable effects of direct to consumer advertising are higher compared to its gains. All the nations except the United States have accepted the risks arising because of this. By all means direct to consumer advertising takes on non –drug ads like that of stopping smoking and losing weight since these are cost effective, secure and helpful. “The most widely discussed have been the massive DTC campaigns waged by the manufacturers of the Cox-2 inhibitors. Importantly, these drugs were never proved to be more effective pain relievers than many drugs available over-the-counter. For most patients the purported stomach protection offered by these drugs (a claim that that the FDA permitted only for Vioxx, but through industry promotional efforts came to be associated with the other Cox-2 inhibitors as well) was irrelevant as those patients tolerated conventional pain relievers without stomach upset.” (Lurie). DTC ads are an effort to change patients into the negotiators of pharmaceutical industries because since it leads the patients to force doctors to prescribe for the medicines which may not be required for them. It has also been argued that these ads encourage in wrong use of drugs and increases the money spending attitude of drugs and there are also problems related to drug safety. There is need to place restrictions on such ads because it plays an active role in enhancing the demand for treatment drugs. Since these ads also offer predisposed information and sentimental appeal that market these drugs more compared to other fit substitutes. Issue 2: Should Physicians be allowed to assist in Patient Suicide?   Yes, Physicians Should allowed assisting in Patient Suicide in certain circumstances. If the patient is suffering the ache and distress in his end of the life the probability to consider the suicide is very high, this is mainly because the patient is undergoing not simply the bodily pain but also the he faced a mental trouble too. The function of general practitioners in assisting their incurably sick patients expire is a disputed question. While most people don’t contest voluntary passive euthanasia, physicians taking an active role in helping their patients. Constitution regulation guaranteed that right to die is a right of each and every human being and also this right to die contains the right to select the occasion of individual’s decease and also to obtain physicians support to suicide or die with out any pain only if the suffering patient gives us the concerns to die. The practitioner or nurse shall not be liable for supporting a human being in the freedom work out the right to die. Right to die guaranteed under the Article 21 of the constitution law. Marcia Angell, from “The Supreme Court and Physician-Assisted Suicide”, argue with the intention of general practitioner must be permissible to help out in patient death or suicide. Marcia Angell thinks that the disproportionate nature of suicide requires a lawful, nonviolent mode to hurriedly finish ache and distress. Kathleen M. Foley in Capable is concerned for the Dying in its place of general practitioner- aid Death squabbles that the support of the general practitioner for the death or suicicde must not be allowed. And also Kathleen M. Foley thinks further attention must be set on investigating novel methods to take care of the patient at the end of the living. Issue 3: Should Doctors be able to refuse Demands for “Futile” Treatment? The significant issues with regard to futile treatments are the patient’s liberties, independence and medical moral codes. Most of the patients in the present days approach medical circumstances with an extraordinary point of complexity and an anticipation of using their liberty more distinctly with respect to medical judgments. Even though patient involvement is of benefit, medical and moral problems may arise in cases where a patient ventures an assertion for a treatment which the doctor claims to be ineffective. Declaring that a medical treatment preference is useless has medical and moral consequences. Doctors have no moral duty to offer futile treatments, and are obliged to transit a patient to a palliative care when there is no other option for betterment of his condition. Offering clinically futile treatments at the request of a patient is unsuccessful to support professional moral codes. There is no moral difference between retreating maintaining a futile treatment. If a doctor has a belief that a treatment is useless and not required for a patient, he has no ethical obligation to provide it. But the doctor has an obligation to inform the condition with the patient or his or her family and he should also inform as to why the particular treatment is useless. He must also inform them that patients who terminate futile treatment have the right to other supporting care services. If any difference of opinion arises with regard to this, the doctor may look for a second view. In determining the wishes of an unconscious patient, the doctor may consider the opinions of the family members but he should also see to it that the decision is in the best interests of the patient which is of prime significance. Discuss the fairness of determining an unconscious patient’s wishes by following family members’ directives. Issue 4: Is Abortion Immoral? Yes, Abortion is Immoral but in certain circumstances. The major causes in search of unlawful abortions are set up to be due to monetary hurt, scarcity and social issues such as an not married girl, widowed or alienated married position etc… The question regarding the Abortion is a lawful, ethical, natural, sociological and emotional subject. Abortion is legal only if it is don eon the basis concerned authority and also obtain abortion for the reasons only the fetus is facing any trouble in the mothers womb and also if the women the is being pregnant way of rape and all. In these two circumstances is the abortion is legal. And in other cases abortion s illegal, killing engages the breach of law. Abortion creates a lot of physical troubles to the women as well as it also decline moral values possessed by the human beings. Abortion can be defensible by a girl’s right to decide, but must be barred for the reason that all existence starts at conception stage and also it is an illegal act. In United States Constitution permitted the right of abortion for the women, however this particular right is even now disputed by the citizens with the intention of fighting for the rights of the fetus. Prior to a kid is born it is necessary to provide all its requirements to stay alive. A number of women’s may seem for an abortion to resolve her private troubles, however in each and every one women are dumping the abortion for the reason that it declines their huge powers. Thinker Patrick Lee & Robert P. George declare that human being fetus and unborn babies are total human beings and so as to deliberate abortion is unfair and independently immoral activity. Thinker Margaret Olivia thinks that the ethical position of the unborn is merely single facet of the ethics of abortion. Issue 5: Should Pregnant Women Be Punished for Exposing Her Fetus to Risk? Yes. Pregnant Women Should Be Punished for Exposing Her Fetus to Risk. The major argument regards two unreliable views of how circumstances in which unborn are uncovered to unreliable danger must be contract with by the public.   Opinion of the Jean Toal Respondent, v. State of South Carolina, Petitioner, states that the Pregnant Women Be Punished for Exposing Her Fetus to Risk main of the pregnant women’s are make use of crack cocaine and other drug items so that the Supreme Court of that region made a statute that a government may perhaps inflict extra criminal punishments on pregnant women using the drug items devoid of infringing their legitimate privacy right. Another thinker Lynn M. Paltrow squabbles that take care of pregnant women who is using the drug as illegal aims poor, and also at the same time as disregard other type of drug practice and be unsuccessful to offer the resources to support them in revival. Another issue with this regard is the use of drugs, drinking and smoking habits of pregnant women which causes risk to the fetus. Several nations have made efforts to criminalize the using of drugs during pregnancy. In spite of several attempts to create laws in this area, the efforts have not been successful due to oppositions from various angles. Children born to such mothers have been suffering of ill consequences which may be short term or long term. Hence there is a requirement that the unborn child is also protected from dangers to its health and well being. Works Cited Lurie, Peter. Testimony before the Senate Special Committee on Aging on the Impact of Direct-to-Consumer Drug Advertising on Seniors’ Health and Healthcare Costs. Public Citizen. 29 Sep. 2005. Web. 14 Apr. 2010. . Read More