Philosophy of Logic - Case Study Example

Applying philosophy to Life al Affiliation: Applying Philosophy to Life Organizations selected for study tend to interact with the public at a personal level, they harbor the power to improve the welfare of the public or diminish their hopes for a better life. This institutions deal with service delivery to the community rather than profit maximization. Therefore, ethics being a set of moral principles or conduct acceptable to a particular group of people or culture; the necessity of its incorporation in decision making for these organizations that are community service oriented arises. Moreover, these organizations require total observation of ethical issues so as to maintain a good outlook to the public. For instance, the management board of Memorial Medical Centre was subjected to a tussle when one of its outpatient clinics continuously made losses. The board was for the opinion that the clinic should be closed down. However, the clinic was making losses because of its location on the low-income area of the metropolitan and thus, it offered health care services at a low cost. So the closure of this organization that oriented to saving lives rather than making profits would definitely raise an ethical issue. The management therefore requires to adopt an ethical approach hence incorporation of ethics in its decision making process. In addition, strict observation of ethical issues before vital decisions are made enables organizations that offer services to the community, portray their good will. Imagine an investment firm that offers advice and products to retirees at an exaggerated fee thus earning itself more than 100% profit. This kind of organization would appear as a venture aimed at making profits rather than improving the welfare of the society. Therefore, adopting an ethical approach in decision making clarifies the firm’s stand and objectives. Philosophy of logic, also referred to as philosophical logic, is an aspect of practical philosophy incorporated in decision making process (Quine, 2009). Logics precisely deal with the extent of an event quantified by a mathematical concept. The idea applied in logic could be used in clarification of ideas developed from other areas of study. Logics employed the use of terms such as true, false, inconsistent, valid and self-contradictory. The truth was classified into four categories: 1. Necessary truth – it is one that is true no matter the conditions or the location in the world, it is a universally accepted truth. 2. Logical truth – this are necessary truths that are true if observed from a certain perspective. 3. Analytic truth – this truth whose subject content determines the predicate content. Necessary truths are universal perceptions or point of judgment on a statement being true or false. Organizations aiming at providing services to the community should therefore make decisions basing on this universal perception. The impression that the organization creates among the public stipulates its objectives, so an organization should apply this laws of logic to establish activities that would be acceptable to their target groups. Analytic truths are statements that are considered true basing on their subject concept. Deciding to serve the community rather than making profits is a decision that is easier said than done. The organization should therefore analyze the community’s perception of an ethical organization. This analysis will provide an analytic truth to the organization. Thus, the established truth should be considered in the decision making process. Ethics and practical philosophy, is another important aspect of philosophy employed in decision making. Ethics can be related as the relationship of human beings to the infinite real world. Generally the community has enormous expectations from an individual and organizations are not exceptional. Meeting these expectations levied on us by the community makes the world a better place to be. This branch of philosophy can be divided into philosophy of loyalty and the theory of community (Kant, 1873). Philosophy of loyalty argues that an individual is defined by what he chooses to be or rather his pursuit. Loyalty involves an individual indulges in pursuing group desires. People join profession or spiritual denominations that give them a pursuit to follow, this illustrates that people are members of that a nation, a culture, subculture or a grouping. Therefore organizations that aim at providing services to the society should pursue its ultimate goal of improving the welfare of the target group. This goal can be achieved by being loyal to the community that the organization is serving and portraying this commitment through the decisions that the organization makes (Royce, 1908). The theory of the community emphasizes on the community as being logically prior to individuals. The idea of loyalty to loyalty is applicable in some communities that adhere to the idea of having a similar pursuit such communities are referred to as “ genuine communities” while other communities involve predatory loyalty where selfish gains are involved, these kinds of communities are referred to as natural communities. Therefore, a business venture requires to carefully analyze the kind of community that it is operating in. this analysis will provide a baseline for an appropriate decision making process. Philosophy of religion is a concern for decision taken to impact on the public welfare. This principal of philosophy gives an insight of the supernatural being that people seek from churches and it tends to question its nature. This philosophy bases its argument of religion on the fact that man needed saving for two reasons: (1) the aim on the end of human life that is more essential than all the other aims and (2) man in his current natural state in great danger of failing to achieve his prior aim thus rendering his whole life senseless. This principal was divided into two: Christianity and the problem of evil. Hence, the organizations that are based on provision of services to the public should therefore understand the spiritual beliefs of the people so as to gain acceptance and recognition among members of the public (Hick, 1990). The other aspect of this principle of philosophy is the problem of evil; it seeks to judge all events as being acceptable or evil. All activities that are not ordained by a religion or acceptable in a certain community render that act evil on the phase of the concern grouping. Organization should therefore consider what the community considers evil and base their decisions on this knowledge. Some principle of philosophy are however detrimental to the decision making process. This effect is associated with the principle of metaphysics and epistemology. Epistemology is defined as the principle of science that investigates the origin of nature, methods and limits of knowledge. On the other hand metaphysics is a branch of philosophy that seeks to explain first principles and nature of being. Moreover, the two principles tend to question creation and the existence of a god. These principles might have a humane suppressive effect thus organization would solely dwell on the mentality that life is all about competition and attainment of personal satisfaction. The fact that man is aware of the existence of a supreme god that would judge the good and the bad at the end of life motivates individuals to help each other, so as to fall on the good side during this judgment. Question the occurrence of judgment in the first place drills doubt into the people’s minds thus killing the humane in them. However, this influence is not always the case because the principle tries to help us understand who we are and how we came to being. In addition, it also creates a personal or rather self- convinced understanding of nature. Despite the necessity of this principle in enabling us to understand our surrounding, its application in decision making is however invalid. References Beauchamp, T. L. (2001) Philosophical Ethics: An Introduction to Moral Philosophy. New York. McGraw-Hill. Print Hick, J. (1990). Philosophy of Religion. New York. Prentice Hall. Print Kant, I. (1873). Kants’ Theory of Ethics or Practical Philosophy. London. Longmans. Print Quine, W. V. (2009). Philosophy of Logic. London. Harvard University Press. Print Royce, J. (1908). The Philosophy of Loyalty. London. The Macmillan company. Print Read More